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"Panjang mandibula dapat diukur dari titik Kondilus ke titik Gnathion melalui gambaran sefalometri lateral. Panjang mandibula juga dapat diprediksi ukurannya menggunakan suatu rumusan, akan tetapi belum diketahui prediksi panjang mandibula pada anak dengan celah bibir dan langit-langit unilateral komplit. Pada penelitian ini akan dibuat rumusan prediksi panjang mandibula melalui analisis vertebra servikalis 3 dan 4 yang terlihat dari gambaran sefalometri lateral.Tujuan : Mengetahui kemungkinan penggunaan usia skeletal vertebra servikalis dalam memprediksi panjang mandibula anak dengan celah bibir dan langit-langit unilateral komplit kelompok usia 9 sampai 13 tahun.Material dan metode : Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 2 kelompok, masing-masing 20 anak dengan celah bibir dan langit-langit unilateral komplit pasca labioplasti dan palatoplasti pada usia 9-13 tahun. Kelompok pertama digunakan untuk membuat rumusan prediksi panjang mandibula. Kelompok kedua digunakan untuk menguji rumusan yang telah didapat pada kelompok pertama. Usia skeletal ditentukan dari analisis vertebra servikalis 3 dan 4 sesuai dengan metode Mito, 2003. Uji pada kelompok pertama menggunakan analisis regresi yang menghasilkan suatu persamaan linier, dan uji pada kelompok kedua digunakan uji t berpasangan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara pengukuran langsung dan penghitungan menggunakan rumusan.Hasil : Dari kelompok pertama, diperoleh rumusan prediksi panjang mandibula 96,079 + 0,516 x usia skeletal (dalam satuan millimeter) dengan R2 sebesar 2,0%. Pada kelompok kedua, terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara sub kelompok pengukuran langsung dan sub kelompok penghitungan menggunakan dengan rumusan (p=0,001).Kesimpulan : Usia skeletal hanya menyebabkan sebagian kecil variasi panjang mandibula (2%), sedangkan 98%-nya merupakan faktor-faktor risiko lain seperti faktor tumbuh kembang, faktor genetika dan faktor lingkungan. Sehingga persamaan yang diperoleh, tidak dapat digunakan dalam memprediksi panjang mandibula pada anak usia 9-13 tahun dengan celah bibir dan langit-langit unilateral komplit.

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Introduction : The mandibular length can be measured from Condylus point to Gnathion point using lateral cephalograms. The mandibular length also can be predicted using a formula, but there are still no formulas for predicting the mandibular length of children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. In this study, the formula for predicting mandibular length will be derived by analyzing the third and fourth cervical vertebrae (CV 3 and CV 4).

Objective : The purpose of this study was to assess the possibility of using cervical vertebrae bone age to predict the mandibular length of children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate following labioplasty and palatoplasty between 9 and 13 years of age.

Methods : The subjects were 2 groups of 40 children, one group to derive a formula for predicting mandibular length, the other to compare actual values and predicted values. The cervical vertebrae bone age was calculated from CV 3 and CV 4 according to the method of Mito, 2003. A regression analysis was used to determine a formula for predicting mandibular length in group one. In group two, an paired t-test was run for 10 subjects with actual values and 10 predicted values subjects.

Results : In group one, the formula for predicting mandibular length was 96,079 + 0,516 x bone age (in millimeters) with R2 of 2,0%. In the group two, there was significant mandibular length difference between actual and predicted values (p = 0,001).

Conclusion : Cervical vertebrae bone age affected only 2% of a mandibular length variation, while 98% were affected by other risk factors such as growth factors, genetic factors and environmental factors. The formula might not be used to predict the mandibular length of children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate between 9 and 13 years of age."

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"Latar belakang: Performa mastikasi dapat dilihat dari kemampuan menghancurkan makanan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah jumlah FTUs. Namun, belum diperoleh jumlah FTUs minimal untuk menghasilkan performa mastikasi baik. Selain itu, usia dan jenis kelamin juga berpengaruh terhadap performa mastikasi tetapi beberapa penelitian memiliki perbedaan pendapat terkait hal tersebut. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh jumlah FTUs, usia, dan jenis kelamin terhadap performa mastikasi. Metode: Penilaian jumlah FTUs melalui catatan kontak gigi posterior dari 50 subjek sesuai kriteria inklusi sedangkan penilaian performa mastikasi melalui pencampuran warna bolus permen karet dua warna. Hasil Penelitian: Jumlah FTUs sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa mastikasi p=0.667 sedangkan usia dan jenis kelamin tidak mempengaruhi performa mastikasi p=0,245 dan p=0,169. Kesimpulan: Semakin banyak jumlah FTUs maka semakin baik performa mastikasi.

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Background: Individual masticatory performance can be shown from their ability to break down the food. Number of FTUs can affect masticatory performance. But, there is no research about the minimum number of FTUs that still produce a good masticatory performance. In addition, age and gender also affects for masticatory performance but few studies have disagreements about that.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of number of FTUs, age and gender for masticatory performance.

Methods: Number of FTUs's evaluation through the contact record of posterior teeth from 50 subjects that include in criteria and masticatory performance's evaluation through the color mixing gum bolus.

Results: Number of FTUs give positively affect for masticatory performance p 0.667 whereas age and gender doesn't affect for that p 0,245 and p 0,169 .

Conclusion: The greater number of FTUs makes good masticatory performance."

"Latar Belakang: Remineralisasi pada dentin affected dapat terjadi secara guided tissue remineralization (GTR). Remineralisasi ini terjadi pada matriks intrafibrilar kolagen dentin karena peran protein non kolagen yaitu Dentin Matriks Protein 1 (DMP1) yang dapat rusak saat proses demineralisasi. Dibutuhkan material analog pengganti DMP1 untuk proses remineralisasi, salah satunya adalah asam poliaspartik dalam proses Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP). Tujuan: Menganalisis remineralisasi yang terjadi pada demineralized dentin setelah diinduksi oleh asam poliaspartik dalam proses PILP. Metode: Sampel berupa dentin blok direndam pada larutan demineralisasi lalu dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok demineralized dentin tanpa perendaman larutan asam poliaspartik dan kelompok dengan perendaman larutan asam poliaspastik selama 3, 7, dan 14 hari. Sampel di evaluasi dengan uji SEM dan EDX. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok demineralized dentin dengan kelompok remineralisasi asam poliaspartik pada hari ke 3, 7, dan 14. Remineralisasi yang terjadi berupa deposit ion kalsium dan fosfat. Kesimpulan: Asam poliaspartik dalam proses PILP memiliki potensi untuk meremineralisasi demineralized dentin.

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Background: Remineralization on affected dentin can be occurred by guided tissue remineralization (GTR) method. The remineralization process took place in intrafibilar matrix dentin collagen which regulated by a non collagenous protein, Dentin Matrix Protein (DMP 1) which can be destroyed during demineralization process. Remineralization process requires non collagenous protein analog material, one in particular is poliaspartic acid in Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) process. Objective: To analyze remineralization process that occured on demineralized dentin after application polyaspartic acid in PILP process. Method: Dentin block sample was soaked in demineralized solution. The sample then divided into four groups which are demineralized dentin without application of poliasparticacid solution, and demineralized dentin soaked in polyaspartic acid solution in the period of 3 ,7 and 14 days. The samples were evaluated by using SEM and EDX. Result: A statistically significant result between demineralized dentin group and remineralization with poliaspartic acid group within 3, 7, 14 days. Remineralization occurred by calcium and phosphate ions deposition. Conclusion: Polyaspartic acid in PILP process has the capability of remineralizing demineralized dentin."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang pengaruh labioplasti dan palatoplasti terhadap morfologi mandibula sisi cleft dan sisi normal pada pasien celah bibir dan langit-langit unilateral di RSAB Harapan Kita yang berusia 13 tahun atau lebih. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi krosseksional dengan mengukur morfologi dari data CBCT dan membandingkan sisi cleft dan sisi normal. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan signifikan secara statistik pada panjang korpus dan inklinasi frontal ramus antara sisi cleft dan sisi normal. Sisi cleft biasanya lebih kecil daripada sisi normal. Evaluasi CBCT sangat penting untuk dilakukan terutama pada pasien celah bibir dan langit-langit untuk menentukan rencana perawatan selanjutnya, contohnya osteodistraksi atau orthognatik.

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This thesis will discuss about the effect of labioplasty and palatoplasty on Morphology of Mandible on cleft side and non-cleft side in more than 13 years old cleft lip and palate patient at Harapan Kita Hospital. Using Cross sectional observation study by measuring and comparing morphological anatomy on cleft side and non-cleft side with CBCT. Based on statistical analysis showed there is a significant different in corpus length and frontal ramus inclination on cleft side and non-cleft side. it showed that the size is smaller on the cleft side than non-cleft side. CBCT evaluation is important as diagnostic tools for cleft lip and palate patient in order to make further treatment plan, as in osteodistraction or orthognatic surgery."

"Latar Belakang : Nanosilika sekam padi diekstraksi melalui metode sol-gel dan pirolisis yang memiliki struktur amorf, berpori, dan permukaannya mengandung gugus silanol (Si-OH). Interaksi gugus silanol (Si-OH) dengan ion kalsium membentuk kristal apatit. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek nano silika sekam padi metode sol-gel dan pirolisis terhadap peningkatan jumlah hidroksiapatit dentin. Metode : 12 sampel kavitas dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Kelompok 1 (dentin normal) sebagai kontrol, kelompok 2 dentin demineralisasi, kelompok 3 dentin demineralisasi diaplikasi nanosilika sekam padi metode sol-gel, dan kelompok 4 dentin demineralisasi diaplikasi nanosilika sekam padi metode pirolisis. Kemudian seluruh sampel disimpan dalam shaking incubator pada suhu 37°C. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan XRD untuk melihat derajat kristalinitas hidroksiapatit. Hasil : Terdapat peningkatan derajat kristalinitas hidroksiapatit dentin setelah aplikasi nanosilika sekam padi metode pirolisis dan sol-gel yang nilainya tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok dentin normal (kontrol). Kesimpulan: Nanosilika sekam padi metode sol-gel dan pirolisis mempunyai kemampuan yang sama dalam meningkatkan jumlah kristal hidroksiapatit dentin.

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Background: Rice husk nanosilica is a material extracted through sol-gel and pyrolysis methods, has amorphous, porous, and contain silanol (Si-OH) groups on their surface. The silanol group (Si-OH) interacting with calcium ions will induce the formation of apatite crystals. Objective: To determine the effect of rice husk nanosilica sol-gel and pyrolysis methods on incresed amount of dentin hydroxyapatite. Methods: 12 cavity samples were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (normal dentin) as control group, group 2 is a demineralized dentin group, group 3 is a demineralized dentin group applied to rice husk nanosilica through sol-gel method, and group 4 is a demineralized dentin group applied to rice husk nanosilica through pyrolysis method. All samples are then kept inside a shaking incubator at a temperature of 37°C. Next an examination was done using an XRD to see the degree of hydroxyapatite crystallinity Result: There is an increase degree of crystallinity of dentin hydroxyapatite, after the application of rice husk nanosilica and sol-gel and pyrolysis methods whose value was not significantly different from the normal dentin (control) group. Conclusion: Rice husk nanosilica sol-gel and pyrolysis methods have the same capability to increase the amount of dentin hydroxyapatite crystals."

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