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"Lembaga thing tank pemerintah pada dasarnya berfungsi sebagai jembatan antara ilmu pengetahuan dan kebijakan pemerintah. Bappenas salah satu tugas dan fungsinya adalah sebagai think tank pemerintah. Untuk mencari bentuk kelembagaan yang sesuai, maka studi ini mengelaborasi kelembagaan think tank pemerintah manca negara. Pada studi dnegan pendekatan kualitatif ini menguraikan beberapa model paraktik-praktik terbalik diantara korean development institute (KDI)- Korea selatan. Nasional institution for transforming India (NITI) Aayog-India, National Economic and social Development Board(NESDB)- Thailand,dan Productivity commisiion (PC)- Australia. Dari 4 model kelembagaan tersebut, Studi ini memberi 4 aternatif opsi sebagai rekomendasi Pertama, untuk pemerintah dapat melakukan revitalisasi sebagai organ di Bappenas untuk menjadi unit kerja think tank pemerintah. Opsi ini jika lembaga Bappenas tetap memegang fungsi perencanaan dan penganggaran, maka merujuk pada NSEBD- Thailan. Kedua, mentrasformasi Bappenas menjadi lembagaThink tank pemerintah secara keseluruhan, dengan rujukan NITI Aayog- India Ketiga, melepas unit kerja yang melaksanakan fungsi think tank di Bappenas dan dijadikan lembaga khusus think tank dibawah Bappenas, rujukannya KDI- Korea Selatan. Keempat, membentuk kelembagaan baru think tank bawah Presiden dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya kelembagaan think tank yang sudah ada dipemerintahan seperti Bappenas dan litbang Kementerian dan lembaga yang sebelumnya juga mempunyai tugas sebagai jembatan atas ilmu pengetahuan kepada kebijakan (bridging knowledge to policy), rujukanya PC -Australia"

"AbstrakThis paper seeks to analyse the disparity of clean water access fulfillment in Malang district and Pandeglang district. This issue is important due to two considerations. First, Indonesias National Medium-term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019 targets universal access to water and sanitation by 2019, yet it is still 71,14% fulfilled in 2016. Second, existing studies on this issue addressed the problem by using technical approach; limited finance and infrastructure, demographic and topographic condition. Such technical aspects are indeed important, however it tends to obscure political dimension, i.e. power relations and social structure dynamics that influence policies regarding access to water. Therefore, this paper will analyse the political dimension of the disparity in clean water access fulfillment.In analysing the problem, this paper will use discourse analysis (Laclau and Mouffe, 2001). This paper analyses the struggle among discourses in fixing the meaning of access as a contested political arena. It will also identify the strategy of various actors in articulating their discourses through the establishment of a network of alliance that can accommodate different interests. This paper aims to be the basis of decision making process that considers and emancipates the difficult circumstances that society are facing and alternative discourse that they have."

"This paper is a literature review laying out empirical evidence of healthcare access inequity within an implementation of social health insurance (SHI) programs. The research question of this paper is: in what way, and how, inequity in healthcare access potentially happens, even if a type of SHI covers the whole, or most, of a society. This paper is mainly motivated by the implementation of Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), an SHI program in Indonesia. Even though the program aims to create better equity in healthcare access, the existing health system and the program’s design may prevent the achievement of this goal. By laying out evidence on how healthcare access inequity in other countries remains within an SHI mechanism, this paper illuminates that JKN may face the same risk. In reviewing the papers, this study applied Goddard and Smith’s (2001) concept of healthcare access inequity in the area of availability, quality, cost, and information. The findings suggest that healthcare access inequity could happen despite the implementation of an SHI program. Four types of circumstances that might have led to healthcare access inequity include geographical disparities of health facilities; adequacy of insurance program’s reimbursement and healthcare providers’ financial motive; healthcare providers’ prejudices toward patients; and unequal personal advantages of health treatment seekers. When applied to the context of JKN implementation in Indonesia, the risks of healthcare access inequity are imminent, mostly due to the uneven concentration of health facilities, the program’s segmented tariff rates, and the socioeconomic diversity among JKN members. The findings imply that JKN members might be at risk of healthcare access inequity. While the risks are plausible, this study is limited to predicting the potential inequity within JKN, mirroring from the empirical evidence. This study signifies the need for further empirical research on this area, which will potentially inform policymakers to improve the program."

"Jakarta, as the current state capital of Indonesia, plays an important role as the center of government and economy. However, due to several problems in Jakarta, the government has considered relocating the capital city to other regions. The President of Indonesia, Jokowi, has expressed his intention to move the capital city to Kalimantan Island. This relocation has raised concerns about defense policy. This research aims to identify the threats that may arise in the proposed new capital city, Nusantara Capital City (IKN), and to propose strategies to overcome them. The methods used in this research include a qualitative approach based on documented perceptions, assumptions, and judgments among Indonesia’s leaders and a quantitative approach to mapping the comparative postures of relevant defense figures. The results indicate that the highest threat in IKN comes from the air (combat, UAV, ICBM’s), while the low-level threat is the location of IKN, which is near the borders, and FIR coincides with the IASL. The critical aspect of defending IKN would be to strengthen national defense diplomacy in the region. In conclusion, this research provides insight into the potential threats to the proposed new capital city and suggests strategies to mitigate them."

"ABSTRAKPeat forest are unique and sensitive ecosystems, have complex hydrological systems and bear important economic service function. In Southeast Asian countries, peatland degradation has been increasingly severe in the last decade due to the exploitation of natural resources, which concerns the structure and function of the system. Ecological rehabilitation, includign hydrological restoration, is believed to be useful for restoring the function of forest/peat swamp systems. Protection of critical areas in the form of National Park is also applied to reduce disturbance and further degradation of the area. A literature review is conducted to analyze the extent to which ecological restoration can achieve system resilience, especially socio-ecological resilience as a 'complex-adaptive system' using resilience concepts. The linkage between the ecological function of peat forest restoration by restoring hydrological systems, the diversity of flora and fauna, and enhancing social resilience with social networking and community livelihood is and important key in achieving resilience. Area Protection (in the form of National Park) needs to pay attention to interconnection systems in the "panarchy" model, not for system isolation, but directed to strengthening effective adaptation governance. The study of the selected Sebangau peatland forest in Central Kalimantan, which implemented hydrological restoration and post-Mega Rice Project (MRP) National Park to restore 85% of the damaged land. Sebangau peatland ' socio-ecological resilience' is assessed to increase after the restoration and determination of the national park, although peatland clearance still continues. Strengthening governance of national park and controlling on the main variables on the main variables of peat and 'sustainable livelihood' is essential to improve resilience."

"ABSTRAKThis research essay will examine whether or not regulatory reform will succeed in providing a good regulation that gives significant effect to the development agenda, particularly in developing of the hydroelectric power plant which eventually fulfil citizen's electricity needs. In order to obtain the license in developing hydroelectric power plant, the investor has to engage with at least 6 ministries at the national level and with the local government. The institutions are the Ministry of Public works, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the Ministry of Forestry, Capital Investment Coordinating Board, State Electricity Company and Ministry of Finance. In each institution, the investors have to do some stages which mostly take a very long time. Until this recent time, the investors of hydroelectric power plant must comply with at least forty four national level regulation and should gain at least fourteen license from the various ministries. The figure does not include the license from the local goverment such as principle permits, location permits. License zoning, building permits and nuisance permit (hinderordonnantie). Regulation problems that occurred in the process of developing hydroelectric power plant greatly hamper the effort on providing electricity to all Indonesia's citizen. To overcome this issue, national strategy on regulatory reform was made. While reconceptualization on regulatory making process strategy and the capacity building on the policy and regulatory maker strategy might increase the effectivity on the implementation of upcoming regulation, regulatory simplification is the effective strategy that can accurately overcome the existing regulatory problem in developing a hydroelectric power plant in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAKUnited Nation Habitat (UN-Habitat) predicts that in 2050, 66% of the world community will live in the city. There is a group disadvantaged communities, who is called a community of urban poor, such as Wedi Kengser settlement in the community of Kapmung Ledhok, and the community of Kampung Gondolayu Lor, Yogyakarta. The government sees them as people who live illegaly, as result of illegal land placement. They can't get basic public services. The implication is that their rights aren't fulfilled, to obtaion social services and poverty aleviation from local governments. Thus, they collectively make a habitable shelter by creating a series of program such as society at large and by maintainingtheir value. This phenomenon of society to obtain their rights is identified as an 'Insurgent Citizenship' phenomenon. This study uses a qualitative method with a multi-paradigm approach. Data collection used in-depth interviews technique with government and relevant actors. This study uses a comparative research between two 'slum island' in providing adequate public service. Which in Kampung Gondolayu Lor, they use the community empowerment programs managed by NGO. The purpose of this study is to get an overview of how basic need management can be met effectively through civic engagement with NGO involvement or without NGO involvement (community indepently), which in turn will be useful to finding solutions for development that concern the humanist side."