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"Metode System Dynamics digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk memodelkan dan menganalisis dampak strategi Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) terhadap kinerja keberlanjutan produksi. Pendekatan ini memberikan pandangan holistik terhadap interaksi dinamis antar variabel sistem produksi, seperti penggunaan material daur ulang, kesejahteraan tenaga kerja, dan nilai ekonomi. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Telkomsel sebagai problem owner, dengan objek kajian berupa sistem produksi kartu SIM oleh pihak ketiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi ESG yang paling efektif dalam mendorong transisi menuju produksi berkelanjutan di tengah tekanan regulasi, transformasi digital eSIM, dan meningkatnya ekspektasi pemangku kepentingan. Model dibangun menggunakan Causal Loop Diagram dan Stock and Flow Diagram, serta diuji melalui simulasi empat skenario eksternal. Hasil simulasi secara optimis menunjukkan bahwa produksi yang stabil menjadi fondasi utama untuk mencapai perbaikan ESG. Dalam kondisi ini, strategi daur ulang (Strategi 2) meningkatkan indikator lingkungan sebesar 23%, program Company Social Responsibility (Strategi 3) meningkatkan indikator sosial sebesar 30%, dan diversifikasi produk (Strategi 1) meningkatkan indikator ekonomi hingga 40%. Studi ini membuktikan bahwa dengan pendekatan yang tepat, keberlanjutan dan kinerja bisnis dapat tumbuh bersama secara harmonis.

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System Dynamics methodology is used in this study to model and analyze the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) strategies on sustainable production performance. This approach offers a holistic perspective on the dynamic interactions between production variables such as recycled material usage, workforce well-being, and economic value. The research takes Telkomsel as the problem owner, focusing on its third-party SIM card production system. The study aims to identify the most effective ESG strategies to drive sustainable production amid regulatory pressure, the digital transition to eSIM, and growing stakeholder expectations. The model was developed using Causal Loop Diagrams and Stock and Flow Diagrams and tested across four external scenarios. Simulation results optimistically highlight that maintaining stable production is a key foundation for achieving ESG improvements. Under such conditions, the recycling collaboration strategy (Strategy 2) improves the environmental indicator by +23%, CSR programs (Strategy 3) raise the social indicator by +30%, and product diversification (Strategy 1) increases the economic indicator by up to +40%. This study demonstrates that with the right ESG strategies, companies can achieve sustainable transformation while maintaining strong economic performance and stakeholder trust."

"This book presents a multidisciplinary approach to the Western Balkans, addressing topics from the green image of a country, sustainable waste management, the way in which SMEs develop green entrepreneurship, sustainability in tourism and trade, green consumerism, energy efficiency, and conservation projects."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis metode pengukuran ESG rating yang dikeluarkan oleh 4 lembaga pemeringkat ESG yaitu S&P , MSCI, Sustainalytics, dan Refinitiv dengan metode AHP dan Delphi dimana hasilnya akan menentukan metode mana yang paling cocok digunakan untuk menganalisa risiko ESG di  PT. PLN (PERSERO). Dari hasil pengolahan data ditemukan bahwa metode pengukuran ESG rating dari Sustainalytic memiliki nilai prioritas yang paling tinggi yaitu 43,3% hal itu tidak berbeda jauh dengan metode dari S&P dengan nilai 34,1%. Sementara itu metode dari 2 lembaga pemeringkat ESG lainnya memiliki bobot yang lebih rendah yaitu MSCI dengan 12,1% dan Refinitiv dengan 10,5%. Untuk pengelolaan risiko ESG yang efektif, PLN disarankan untuk membentuk sub-divisi risiko ESG di bawah divisi risiko strategis yang bertanggung jawab penuh terhadap risiko ESG. Dimana mitigasi untuk Risiko lingkungan adalah membuat laporan risiko iklim fisik dan kekurangan air, menetapkan tanggung jawab manajerial untuk mengurangi intensitas karbon energi, melindungi keanekaragaman hayati, rehabilitasi lingkungan. Dari risiko sosial mitigasinya adalah berkomitmen pada program tanggap darurat yang efektif dengan penetapan tanggung jawab manajerial yang jelas, komunikasi yang efektif, dan penyediaan akses layanan bagi kelompok kurang mampu, serta menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang inklusif. Dari risiko tata kelola mitigasinya adalah memperkuat program whistleblower dan menetapkan tanggung jawab manajerial terhadap penilaian risiko etis.

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This study examines the ESG rating measurement methods issued by four ESG rating agencies: S&P, MSCI, Sustainalytics, and Refinitiv, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and delphi. The results determine which method is most appropriate for analyzing ESG risks at PT. PLN (Persero). Data analysis reveals that the ESG rating measurement method from Sustainalytics has the highest priority value at 43.3%, which is closely followed by the S&P method at 34.1%. The methods from the other two ESG rating agencies have lower weights, with MSCI at 12.1% and Refinitiv at 10.5%. For effective ESG risk management, PLN is advised to establish an ESG risk sub-division under the strategic risk division, which will be fully responsible for ESG risks. Environmental risk mitigation includes preparing reports on physical climate risks and water shortages, assigning managerial responsibilities to reduce energy carbon intensity, protecting biodiversity, and environmental rehabilitation. Social risk mitigation involves committing to effective emergency response programs with clear managerial responsibilities, effective communication, and providing access to services for underprivileged groups, as well as creating an inclusive work environment. Governance risk mitigation includes strengthening the whistleblower program and assigning managerial responsibilities for ethical risk assessments."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh pengungkapan environmental, social, dan governance (ESG) dan setiap pilarnya terhadap biaya ekuitas dan biaya utang yang ditanggung oleh perusahaan sektor non-keuangan yang tercatat di bursa efek negara ASEAN-5 selama periode 2017-2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam menguji hipotesis penelitian adalah metode regresi data panel fixed effect model dan random effect model. Hasil penelitian membuktikan pengungkapan ESG secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat biaya ekuitas dan biaya utang yang dibebankan investor dan kreditur pada perusahaan. Namun, ditemukan bahwa pengungkapan ESG justru berpengaruh positif terhadap biaya ekuitas dan negatif terhadap biaya utang. Hasil penelitian turut menunjukkan pengaruh dari masing-masing pilar pengungkapan ESG terhadap biaya ekuitas dan utang menghasilkan kesimpulan yang beragam. Pertama, pengungkapan environmental dan social secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap biaya utang. Kedua, hanya pengungkapan social yang secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap biaya ekuitas. Ketiga, pengungkapan environmental tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas. Terakhir, pengungkapan governance tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas maupun biaya utang.

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This study aims to identify and prove empirically the impact of environmental, social, and governance disclosure (ESG) and each of its pillars on the cost of equity and cost of debt of non-financial sector companies listed on ASEAN-5 countries' stock exchanges for the period 2017-2021. The research method used to test the research hypothesis are the panel data regression fixed effect model and the random effect model. The results of the study prove that ESG disclosure has a significant effect on the level of cost of equity and cost of debt demanded by investors and creditors to the company. However, it was found that ESG disclosure has a positive effect on the level of cost of equity and negative effect on cost of debt. The results of the study also show that the effect of each pillar of ESG disclosure on the cost of equity and debt results in various conclusions. First, environmental and social disclosures have a significant negative effect on the cost of debt. Second, only social disclosure has a significantly positive effect on the cost of equity. Third, environmental disclosure has no significant effect on the cost of equity. Lastly, governance disclosures have no significant effect on neither the cost of equity nor the cost of debt."

"Munculnya pandemi Covid-19 membuat persaingan bisnis menjadi semakin ketat, yang mengakibatkan kestabilan dan penurunan perdagangan bursa. Stakeholder menjadi lebih berhati-hati serta selektif saat mengambil keputusan. Maka, perusahaan harus mengungkapkan laporan keuangan yang berkualitas kepada stakeholder dalam mengambil keputusan yang akurat. Salah satu informasi perusahaan yang harus diungkapkan adalah informasi non-keuangan, yaitu Environmental, Social, dan Governance. Penerapan ESG mendorong bisnis perusahaan untuk berperilaku etis, di mana hal ini juga membantu stakeholder untuk terhindar kerugian apabila perusahaan berperilaku yang dapat menimbulkan risiko. Studi ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji kembali secara empiris pengaruh dari penerapan ESG terhadap nilai perusahaan di Indonesia, di mana sampel perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2012-2021. Variabel independen pada penelitian yakni Skor ESG, di mana nilai dari tiap komponen merupakan hasil dari penilaian yang dilakukan Thomas Reuters. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan dummy variable, di mana acuannya merupakan Indeks ESG SL IDX KEHATI. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah nilai perusahaan, yang diproksikan dengan Tobin’s Q. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Skor dan Indeks memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. Adanya penerapan ESG pada perusahaan dapat meminimalisir asimetri informasi serta potensi konflik dengan para stakeholder. Selain itu, ESG Index digunakan untuk mengatasi kekhawatiran stakeholder trehadap isu-isu ESG, di mana hal ini dapat memberi sinyal yang memungkinkan stakeholder untuk lebih akurat untuk menilai perusahaan berdasarkan standar yang telah ditentukan dalam indeks

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The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic has made the business competition even tougher, which has resulted in stability and a decline in stock exchange trading. Stakeholders become more careful and selective when making decisions. Therefore, companies must disclose quality financial reports to stakeholders in making accurate decisions. One of the company information that must be disclosed is non-financial information, namely Environmental, Social, and Governance. The application of ESG encourages the company's business to behave ethically, which also helps stakeholders to avoid losses if the company behaves in a way that may pose a risk. This study aims to empirically re-examine the effect of applying ESG on company value in Indonesia, where a sample of companies are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012-2021. The independent variable in this study is the ESG Score, where the value of each component is the result of an assessment conducted by Thomas Reuters. In addition, this study also uses a dummy variable, where the reference is the ESG SL IDX KEHATI Index. The independent variable in this study is firm value, which is proxied by Tobin's Q. The results show that scores and indexes have a positive influence on firm value. The existence of the application of ESG in companies can minimize information asymmetry and potential conflicts with stakeholders. In addition, the ESG Index is used to address stakeholder concerns about ESG issues, which can provide a signal that allows stakeholders to more accurately assess companies based on the standards specified in the index."

"Laporan Keberlanjutan atau Sustainability Report merupakan salah satu perwujudan dari penerapan Investasi Berkelanjutan. x bergeser pada arah investasi yang lebih berkelanjutan. Hal ini guna mencapai komitmen dalam menghadapi isu global dan menjadi salah satu alat mencapai Tujuan Berkelanjutan. Skripsi ini membahas komitmen Indonesia terhadap penanganan isu global dimana didalamnya dibahas penerapan investasi berkelanjutan yang berbasis pada prinsip dan aspek lingkungan, sosial dan tata kelola yang sering disingkat sebagai ESG. Atas hal tersebut dan atas faktor keanggotaan Indonesia dalam lembaga sekuritas internasional IOSCO melalui POJK No.51 /POJK.03/2017 atau POJK Keuangan Berkelanjutan untuk menerapkan investasi berkelanjutan berbasis prinsip ESG dalam Pasar Modal di Indonesia. Melalui POJK Keberlanjutan, maka setiap ketentuan yang ada didalamnya mengikat bagi Lembaga Jasa Keuangan (LJK), Emiten, dan Perusahaan Publik termasuk penyusunan Laporan Keberlanjutan yang akan dibahas lebih lanjut dalam skripsi ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian skripsi ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Penelitian skripsi ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan yang menghasilkan tipologi penelitian deskriptif analitis, Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa Indonesia menerapkan investasi keberlanjutan sebagai komitmennya atas isu global dan bahwa ketentuan atas Laporan Keberlanjutan yang diatur dalam POJK Keuangan Berkelanjutan sudah Arah iklim investasi sedang cukup memadai walaupun masih terdapat kekurangan dalam hal standarisasi.

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Sustainability Report Investment. The direction of the investment climate is shifting towards a more sustainable investment direction. This is in order to achieve commitment in facing global issues and become one of the tools to achieve the Sustainability Goals. This thesis discusses Indonesia's commitment to addressing global issues in which it discusses the implementation of sustainable investments based on environmental, social and governance principles and aspects which are often abbreviated as ESG. For this and for the factor of Indonesia's membership in the international securities agency IOSCO through POJK No.51 /POJK.03/2017 or POJK on Sustainable Finance to implement sustainable investment based on ESG principles in the Indonesian Capital Market. Through the POJK on Sustainability, every provision contained in it is binding on Financial Service Institutions (LJK), Issuers, and Public Companies including the preparation of a Sustainability Report which will be discussed further in this thesis. The method used in this thesis research is normative juridical research. This thesis research is a literature research that produces a descriptive analytical research typology. The results of this study find the fact that Indonesia implements sustainability investment as its commitment to global issues and that the provisions on the Sustainability Report regulated in the POJK on Sustainable Finance are adequate although there are still shortcomings in terms of standardization."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh pengungkapan environmental, social, dan governance (ESG) terhadap performa perusahaan. Penelitian ini mengambil 39 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama tahun 2016-2020. Pengujian hipotesis pengaruh pengungkapan ESG terhadap performa perusahaan dilakukan masing-masing menggunakan observasi data panel dengan metode regresi fixed effect model dan random effect model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan ESG secara keseluruhan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap performa perusahaan, sedangkan secara individu setiap komponen memiliki hasil yang berbeda. Pengungkapan environmental dan social berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap keseluruhan performa perusahaan, sedangkan pengungkapan governance berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap performa operasional dan pasar saham, dan tidak signifikan terhadap performa keuangan serta performa pasar perusahaan.

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This study aims to empirically prove the effect of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure on firm performance. This study takes 39 firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2016-2020. The hypothesis testing regarding the effect of ESG disclosure on company performance are carried out using panel data observation with the fixed effect model and random effect model regression methods, in each specific case. The empirical results demonstrate that the overall ESG disclosure had no significant effect on the firm’s performance, while each component individually had mix results. Environmental and social disclosures have no significant effect on the firm’s overall performance, while governance disclosures have a negative and significant effect on operational and stock market performance, and not significant on the firm's financial performance and market performance."

"Perkembangan industri telah menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan daya dukung lingkungan, konflik sosial dan kesenjangan ekonomi. Dunia industri mengembangkan konsep CSR sebagai tanggung jawab terhadap masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa penerapan CSR berkelanjutan, mengevaluasi strategi dan merumuskan strategi prioritas progam CSR. Pendekatan penelitiannya menggunakan kuantitatif. Metode penelitiannya menggunakan metode gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode analisis untuk menganalisis data kualitatif menjadi data kuantitatif pada penelitian ini adalah Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT). Hasil penelitian didapatkan dua rekomendasi strategi penerapan CSR yaitu strategi pemberdayaan; dan strategi pemberian bantuan secara langsung. Strategi pemberdayaan yaitu: membuka program magang, membuat program CSR pemberdayaan UMKM, peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan, memberikan pelatihan keahlian bersertifikat, memberikan penyuluhan pentingnya perilaku sehat. Sementara strategi pemberian bantuan secara langsung yaitu: memberikan bantuan pada instansi pendidikan, bantuan penyediaan air bersih, Memberikan bantuan berupa material sisa produksi. Perusahaan berkewajiban menerapkan CSR tiga bidang pembangunan berkelanjutan yaitu ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan.

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Industrial development has caused a decrease in the carrying capacity of the environment, social conflicts, and economic inequality. The industrial world has developed the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a responsibility to society. This study analyzes the implementation of sustainable CSR, evaluates strategies, and formulates priority strategies for CSR programs. This study uses a quantitative research approach. Furthermore, this study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The analytical methods for analyzing qualitative data into quantitative data in this study are the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT). The study results obtained two recommendations for implementing CSR strategies, namely the empowerment strategy and direct assistance strategies. The empowerment strategies include opening apprenticeship programs, creating MSME empowerment CSR programs, increasing knowledge and skills, providing certified skills training, and providing counseling on the importance of healthy behavior. The strategies for direct assistance include assisting educational institutions, providing clean water, and reusing leftover production materials. In addition, companies must implement CSR in three areas of sustainable development: economic, social, and environmental.

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"India's increasing population has attracted a host of multinational corporations (MNCs) to enter the country to tap its market. Because of their enthusiasm and the favorable market conditions, these MNCs get carried away and sometimes regulations are flouted. The absence of clear regulations leads to problems when government agencies find fault with MNCs products."

"ABSTRACTThis research is motivated by the SATRIA CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Forum in Banyumas Regency which involves various parties such as local governments, companies, academics, NGOs, and mass media that collaborate in supporting regional development through CSR. Therefore, this paper aims to describe in-depth the governance of the SATRIA CSR Forum in Banyumas Regency in the perspective of collaborative governance. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The research location was in Banyumas Regency, with the target of the research consisting of government elements, private elements, mass media elements, NGOs, the community, and academics. The selection of informants was carried out using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. The data analysis method used is the interactive analysis. The results found that the existence of internal and external dialogue was good initial progress in the governance of the SATRIA CSR Forum. Even so, there are still some aspects of CSR Forum governance that have not been maximized, such as stakeholder's commitment and the business community's understanding of CSR regulations. Therefore, efforts are needed to get the business community involved in the SATRIA CSR Forum. In this case, the role of local government is one of the keys for the business world to be involved, including by providing understanding to the business community regarding CSR regulations. The results of this study contribute to an understanding of the implementation of collaborative approaches in the context of CSR programs at the local level."