Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Permintaan plastik domestik di Indonesia terus meningkat, sementara limbah organik seperti Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) menawarkan potensi sebagai bahan baku Wood Polymer Composite (WPC) berbasis polietilena daur ulang (Recycled Polyethylene, rPE). Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh perlakuan alkalisasi dan fermentasi terhadap sifat mekanis, kimia, morfologi, dan termal TKKS sebagai filler dalam WPC. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa alkalisasi efektif menghilangkan lignin dan hemiselulosa, menghasilkan struktur serat lebih kasar yang meningkatkan interaksi dengan matriks rPE, sehingga meningkatkan kekuatan tarik dan lentur. Fermentasi menggunakan bakteri G. sichuananse mempertahankan struktur selulosa yang lebih kristalin, meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan kompatibilitas serat dengan matriks polimer. Uji termal menunjukkan alkalisasi memberikan stabilitas termal tertinggi dengan onset degradasi pada 323,37°C, sedangkan fermentasi menghasilkan flexural strength dan ultimate tensile strength optimal pada kandungan serat 10–15%. Dengan performa mekanis dan termal yang baik, WPC berbasis TKKS dan rPE berpotensi sebagai material furnitur ramah lingkungan, memberikan solusi inovatif bagi pengelolaan limbah plastik dan organik di Indonesia.

---

The demand for domestic plastics in Indonesia continues to increase, while organic waste such as Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) presents potential as a raw material for Wood Polymer Composite (WPC) based on recycled polyethylene (rPE). This study examines the effects of alkali treatment and fermentation on the mechanical, chemical, morphological, and thermal properties of EFB as a filler in WPC. The results demonstrate that alkali treatment effectively removes lignin and hemicellulose, producing coarser fiber structures that enhance interaction with the rPE matrix, thereby improving tensile and flexural strength. Fermentation using G. sichuananse bacteria preserves a more crystalline cellulose structure, improving the flexibility and compatibility of fibers with the polymer matrix. Thermal analysis shows that alkali treatment provides the highest thermal stability, with a primary degradation onset at 323.37°C, while fermentation achieves optimal flexural strength and ultimate tensile strength at 10–15% fiber content. With excellent mechanical and thermal performance, WPC based on EFB and rPE holds potential as an environmentally friendly furniture material, offering an innovative solution for managing plastic and organic waste in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. during the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."

"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. During the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya peningkatan aktifitas operasional, ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat dalam menggunakan jasa pelabuhan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi berpotensi menurunkan kualitas lingkungan di pelabuhan akibat adanya timbulan sampah. Tujuan utama penelitian ini membangun kerangka quasi strategi pengembangan pelabuhan perikanan ramah lingkungan untuk memberikan konsep, saran dan pemikiran terkait pengembangan pelabuhan perikanan ramah lingkungan melalui pengelolaan sampah di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode campuran (mixed method) kualitatif didukung kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengelolaan sampah dengan konsep berbasis kemitraan untuk saling memberikan keuntungan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa regulasi dan kemitraan pengelolaan sampah merupakan quasi strategi pengembangan pelabuhan perikanan ramah lingkungan.

---

This research is motivated by the increasing operational, economic, and social activities of the community in using port services to meet economic needs, which has the potential to degrade the environmental quality at the port due to waste generation. The main objective of this research is to construct a quasi-strategic framework for the development of an environmentally friendly fisheries port to provide concepts, recommendations, and thoughts related to the development of an environmentally friendly fisheries port through waste management at the Karangantu National Fishing Port. The method used is a mixed-method, with qualitative supported by quantitative approaches. The results of this research emphasize waste management with a partnership-based concept to mutually benefit each party. The conclusion drawn from this research is that waste management regulations and partnerships constitute quasi-strategic development for an environmentally friendly fisheries port."

"

Terdapat berbagai permasalahan lingkungan yang ada di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah masalah sampah. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan adalah dengan beralih menggunakan produk ramah lingkungan. Untuk dapat memprediksi pembelian produk ramah lingkungan, penting untuk meneliti intensi membeli produk ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada dua hal yang menyebabkan green purchase intention, yaitu perceived environmental responsibility dan concern for self-image pada konsumen emerging adult. Partisipan berusia 18-29 tahun mengisi kuesioner secara daring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived environmental responsibility dan concern for self-image secara bersamaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam memprediksi green purchase intention pada konsumen emerging adult. Selain itu, concern for self-image memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar terhadap green purchase intention dibandingkan perceived environmental responsibility. Hal ini berarti bahwa pada konsumen emerging adult intensi membeli produk ramah lingkungan lebih dipengaruhi oleh kepedulian terhadap citra diri dibandingkan rasa tanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan.

---

Among many environmental problems in Indonesia, plastic waste is one of them. Changing from brown products to green products is one way to overcome environmental problems. It is important to know green purchase intention to predict green purchasing behavior. This study aims to examine the effect of perceived environmental responsibility and concern for self-image in emerging adult. Participants in this study are emerging adults (18-29 years old) who filled online questionaires. The result of this study indicated that perceived environmental responsibility and concern for self-image simultaneously affect green purchase intention in emerging adult consumer. The results also show that concern for self-image has stronger effect on green purchase intention than perceived environmental responsibility. Therefore, emerging adult consumer’s intention to buy green products are more influenced by concern for self-image than perceived environmental responsibility.

"

"Isu lingkungan sudah sejak lama menjadi topik pembahasan. Salah satu perusahaan minyak dan gas paling terkemuka, Shell, adalah perusahaan yang banyak dibahas perannya dalam kerusakan lingkungan. Shell pun dalam beberapa tahun belakangan mulai membuat program-program ramah lingkungan dan memulai transisi menuju produk energi terbarukan. Shell kemudian mengiklankan program tersebut, tetapi iklan-iklan yang telah dirilis dihadapkan banyak reaksi keberatan. Masalah dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana citra ramah lingkungan dibangun melalui kata-kata dan sistem tanda dalam iklan Shell, sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memaparkan unsur teks dan visual yang berkaitan dengan konsep ramah lingkungan dalam iklan-iklan Shell. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sebagai metode. Teori makna referensial, sistem tanda, serta sustainable marketing digunakan untuk analisis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kata-kata dan ilustrasi dalam iklan-iklan Shell menunjukkan unsur sustainable marketing, namun tidak ada upaya Shell untuk mengungkit isu lingkungan sehingga citra ramah lingkungan belum tercapai sepenuhnya dan diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut.

---

Environmental issues have been a hot topic of discussion in recent years. One of the most prominent oil and gas companies, Shell, is a company that has been widely discussed about its role in environmental damage. In recent years, Shell started making environmentally friendly programs and starting the transition to renewable energy products. Shell advertised the program, but the advertisements that were released was met with backlash. The problem of this research is how does Shell build an environmentally friendly image through words and sign systems in its advertisements, thus the purpose of this research is to describe the textual and visual elements’ relation to the concept of being environmentally friendly in Shell advertisements. This study uses a qualitative approach as a method. Referential meaning theory, sign system, and sustainable marketing are used for analysis. The finding of this study is that the words used in Shell advertisements reflect a sign system. The words and illustrations in these advertisements also show elements of sustainable marketing, but there is no attempt by Shell to bring up environmental issues, therefore an environmentally friendly image has not been fully achieved and further studies are needed."

"Indonesia memiliki ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap bahan bakar fosil dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan energi. Namun, penurunan ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil membuat perlu pengembangan energi terbarukan, salah satunya adalah bahan bakar nabati biobutanol. Biobutanol merupakan bahan bakar nabati pengganti bensin yang sangat potensial karena tidak menyebabkan korosi pada mesin kendaraan, tidak menyerap air, dan mempunyai nilai oktan yang hampir sama dengan bensin. Biobutanol dihasilkan dari fermentasi secara anaerobik oleh bakteri Clostridia dengan kemampuan konversi berbagai macam gula menjadi aseton, butanol, dan etanol (ABE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh biobutanol dari bahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit menggunakan praperlakuan ball mill yang berisi aqueous amonia. Dari variasi praperlakuan diperoleh konsentrasi gula reduksi terbaik pada penggilingan selama 3 jam menggunakan 15 buah bola baja Φ=22 mm dengan rasio substrat dan pelarut sebesar 1:10 pada suhu 450C, yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perendaman selama 24 jam. Selanjutnya dilakukan hidrolisis enzimatik dengan kombinasi enzim selulase dan xilanase, pada suhu 500C selama 72 jam. Hasil hidrolisis difermentasi secara anaerob selama 72 jam pada suhu 370C. Fermentasi dengan Clostridium beijerinckii NBRC 103909 menghasilkan biobutanol sebesar 0,0055 gr/ 100 gr tandan kosong kelapa sawit.

---

Indonesia has a high dependency on fossil fuels in energy needs. However, a decrease availability of fossil fuels making the development of renewable energy necessary, one of biofuels is biobutanol. Biobutanol is a potential gasoline substitute because it does not cause corrosion on the vehicle's engine, does not absorb water, and has a similar value to gasoline's octane. Biobutanol is produced from anaerobic fermentation of Clostridia bacteria with the ability to convert a wide variety of sugars into acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE). This research aims to obtain biobutanol made from oil palm empty fruit bunches using a ball mill pretreatment containing aqueous ammonia.

The variation of pretreatment produce the higher concentration of reducing sugar at grinding for 3 hours using 15 steel balls Φ=22 mm with substrate and solvent ratio 1:10 at 450C, followed by immersion for 24 hours. Furthermore enzymatic hydrolysis is performed with cellulase and xylanase enzyme combination, at 500C for 72 hours. The results of hydrolysis of fermented anaerobically for 72 hours at 370C. Fermentation by Clostridium beijerinckii NBRC 103909 produce biobutanol at 0.0055 g / 100 g of oil palm empty fruit bunches."

"Biaya logistik secara signifikan dapat mempengaruhi harga TKKS sebagai bahan baku bioethanol generasi kedua, dimana bahan baku itu sendiri merupakan bagian terbesar komponen biaya operasional. Untuk itu diperlukan studi yang secara spesifik merancang rantai pasok biomassa serta mengkuantifikasi biaya transportasi. Pada penelitian ini, telah dikembangkan rancangan logistik untuk beberapa cluster yang masing-masing terdiri dari beberapa PKS (Pabrik Kelapa Sawit) untuk mensuplai pabrik bioethanol berkapasitas 50 kta di Provinsi Riau. Selanjutnya juga dilakukan kuantifikasi biaya logistik dengan mempertimbangkan jarak, jenis kendaraan, kondisi jalan, dan kondisi sumber TKKS. Biaya logistik terdiri dari harga TKKS (dari sumber), biaya transportasi dan biaya pra-perlakuan. Hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan mampu memberikan skema supply network yang optimal dan biaya yang layak dalam mendukung pengembangan bisnis bioethanol generasi kedua berbasis TKKS yang layak secara komersial. Skema tersebut adalah lokasi pabrik bioethanol harus berdekatan dengan pasokan bahan baku terbesar. Didapatkan 3 calon lokasi pabrik bioethanol berkapasitas 50kta di provinsi riau yang terletak di Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Indragiri hilir. Lokasi tersebut menghasilkan biaya transportasi terendah calon lokasi pabrik 2 sebesar Rp 156.000 dengan jarak ke terminal BBM sejauh 282 km dan yang termahal terletak di calon lokasi pabrik 1 yaitu dengan biaya transportasi sebesar Rp189.000 dengan jarak ke TBBM sebesar 120 km.

---

Logistics costs can significantly affect the price of OPEFB as a second generation bioethanol raw material, where the raw material itself is the largest component of the operational costs. For this reason, studies are needed that specifically design biomass supply network and quantify transportation costs. In this study, we developed a design supply network for several clusters, each consisting of 15 PKS to supply a 50kta bioethanol plant in Riau Province. Furthermore, logistics cost quantification is also carried out by considering the distance, type of vehicle, road conditions, and conditions of the OPEFB source. Logistics costs consist of the OPEFB price (from source), transportation costs and pre-treatment costs. The results of this study are expected to be able to provide an optimal supply network scheme and a reasonable cost to support the development of a commercially viable second-generation bioethanol business based on EFB. The scheme is that the location of the bioethanol plant must be close to the largest supply of raw materials. There were 3 candidate locations for bioethanol factories with a capacity of 50kta in Riau province, which are located in Pelalawan and Indragiri downstream districts. This location generates the lowest transportation costs for prospective factory location 2 of Rp. 156,000 with a distance to the BBM terminal as far as 282 km and the most expensive is located in the prospective factory location 1, with a transportation cost of Rp.189,000 with a distance to TBBM of 120 km."

"ABSTRAKPengolahan tandan buah segar kelapa sawit menjadi minyak sawit menghasilkan produk sampingan limbah yang belum dikelola dengan baik di pabrik kelapa sawit, salah satunya adalah tandan kosong kelapa sawit TKKS . TKKS mengandung jumlah lignoselulosa yang tinggi dan menyerupai kandungan yang terdapat dalam kategori kayu lunak Trembling aspen , sehingga mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku papan partikel pengganti kayu. Umumnya papan partikel dibuat menggunakan material sintesis sebagai perekatnya yang menyebabkan terjadinya polusi lingkungan karena perekat tersebut mengandung material yang berbahaya. Akhir-akhir ini, para Peneliti menemukan bahwa asam sitrat sebagai perekat papan partikel yang ramah lingkungan yang digunakan sebagai pengganti perekat perekat sintesis. Namun, belum ada pembuktilan bahwa kualitas papan partikel yang terbuat dari TKKS mampu memenuhi standar industri SNI 03-2105-2006 dan apakah mungkin untuk diproduks secara massal.Dalam penelitian ini, papan partikel dibuat menggunakan serat TKKS dan asam sitrat sebagai perekat. Komposisi papan partikel adalah sebagai berikut: 20, 25, 30 wt. dan suhu kempa pada 180, 200 C. Beberapa pengujian dilakukan pada masing-masing komposisi papan partikel termasuk sifat fisis dan sifat mekanis papan partikel. Suhu tekanan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pembuatan papan partikel. Seluruh papan partikel dengna suhu kempa 180 C dan papan partikel 20wt. gagal memenuhi standar SNI. Papan partikel dengan komposisi perekat 20 wt. dengan suhu kempa 200 C mampu memenuhi standar SNI.Berdasarkan paradigma Konservasi Nilai Material, TKKS dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku papan partikel dan memenuhi standar industri dan diestimasikan dapat diproduksi secara massal. Kata Kunci : asam sitrat, Konservasi Nilai Material, papan partikel, tandan kosong kelapa sawit

---

ABSTRACT Processing the oil palm fresh fruits into palm oil produced by products waste that had not been well handled in palm oil mills, one of this by products was empty fruit bunches EFB . EFB contains high quantity of lignocellulosic almost similar to soft wood Trembling aspen , thus it was possible to be used as wood subtitute on particleboard. Mostly particleboad production using synthetic materials as adhesive that contribute on environment pollution because it contains hazardous materials. Recently, researchers invented citric acid as natural adhesive as subtitute for the synthetic adhesive that eco friendly. However, there is still no evidence that the quality of the EFB particleboad using citric acid as adhesive fulfill industry standard SNI 03 2105 2006 and it was possible to be mass production.In this research, particleboard produced using EFB fiber and citric acid as adhesive. Composition of the adhesive that used as follows 20, 25, 30 wt. , and pressing temperature on 180, 200 C. Several tests performed on each particleboard rsquo s composition including physical and mechanical properties. Pressin temperature had a significant effect on particleboard production. All the particleboard with pressing temperature 180 C and particleboard 20 wt. with pressing temperature 200 C were failed to fulfill the SNI standard. Particleboard 25, 30 wt. with pressing temperature 200 C fulfill the SNI requirement.Based on Material Value Conservation paradigm, EFB waste was usable to be the main material on particleboad filling and fulfill industry standard requirement and also estimated can be mass produced."