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"Bahwa partisipasi UMKM dalam pasar internasional masih rendah dikarenakan terdapat hambatan-hambatan perdagangan internasional yang dihadapi oleh UMKM. Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional memiliki peran penting untuk mengatur ketentuan untuk mengatasi hambatan perdagangan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menganalisa bagaimana pengaturan terkait UMKM dalam Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional Bilateral maupun Regional Negara Indonesia dalam upaya mengatasi hambatan perdagangan internasional? Bagaimana peran pemerintah Indonesia untuk mengakomodasi ketentuan UMKM dalam Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional dan hukum nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menganalisa beberapa Perjanajian Perdagangan Internasional baik tingkat Bilateral dan ASEAN yang telah diimplementasikan oleh Indonesia berdasarkan kerangka teori Small Business Lens Principles. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa penerapan Small Business Lens Principle dalam pengaturan UMKM di Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia di tingkat ASEAN lebih komprehensif dan konkret dibandingkan pengaturan UMKM di tingkat Bilateral. Bahwa peran pemerintah perlu dioptimalkan agar Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia dapat mengatasi hambatan perdagangan UMKM dan pemberdayaan bagi UMKM, yaitu memperkuat peran Tim Perunding Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional dengan memperluas tugas dan fungsi Direktorat Perunding Multilateral dan Direktorat Perunding Bilateral Kementerian Perdagangan untuk menyelenggarakan perumusan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan di sektor UMKM dan memasukkan Kementerian Koperasi dan UMKM sebagai bagian dari keanggotaan Tim Perunding Perjanjian Perdagangan Internasional.

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That participation of MSMEs in the international market is still low because there are several international trade barriers faced by MSMEs. International Trade Agreements have an important role to play in setting provisions for overcoming trade barriers. Thus, this study analyzes how the provisions related to MSMEs in the Bilateral and Regional International Trade Agreements of the State of Indonesia in an effort to overcome international trade barriers? What is the role of the Indonesian government to accommodate the provisions of MSMEs in International Trade Agreements and national law. This study uses a normative juridical method by analyzing several international trade agreements both at the bilateral and ASEAN levels that have been implemented by Indonesia based on the theoretical framework of the Small Business Lens Principles. The results of the study state that the application of the Small Business Lens Principle in the regulation of MSMEs in the Indonesian International Trade Agreement at the ASEAN level is more comprehensive and concrete than the regulation of MSMEs at the Bilateral level. The role of the government needs to be optimized so that the Indonesian International Trade Agreement can overcome trade barriers to MSMEs and empower MSMEs, namely strengthening the role of the International Trade Agreement Negotiating Team by expanding the duties and functions of the Directorate of Multilateral Negotiators and the Directorate of Bilateral Negotiators of the Ministry of Trade to organize the formulation and implementation of policies in the MSME sector and include the Ministry of Trade Cooperatives and SMEs as part of the membership of the International Trade Agreement Negotiating Team."

"ABSTRAKDengan berbagai keterbatasan Industri Kecil dan Menengah (IKM) terutama dalam akses pemasaran, ditambah derasnya arus liberalisasi perdagangan AEC, menjadi ancaman eksistensi IKM DKI Jakarta sebagai sektor usaha dengan kearifan lokal yang tinggi. Permasalahan ini kian kompleks dengan pemangkasan kegiatan fasilitasi pameran dalam lingkup Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan keikutsertaan pameran dagang serta karakteristik internal IKM terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan omzet. Hasil pengolahan data dengan model logit menunjukkan bahwa beberapa variabel dari kedua faktor tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap probabilitas tingkat pertumbuhan omzet yang tinggi, yaitu rata-rata frekuensi partisipasi pameran dalam setahun dan skala pameran dagang, berupa daya saing layanan terkait produk, cara pemasaran melalui online, domisili IKM di Jakarta Selatan dan Jakarta Utara, merupakan variabel yang berkorelasi signifikan positif, sedangkan, variabel usia partisipasi pameran, sumber pembiayaan pameran oleh Pemerintah dan usia pemilik IKM merupakan variabel yang signifikan berkorelasi negatif terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan omzet.

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ABSTRACTThe limitations of Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) in market access, plus the rapid flow of trade liberalization AEC, being a threat to the existence of SMI of Jakarta. These problems are increasingly complex with trimming the exhibition facilitation of Jakarta Provincial Government. This study aims to identify relationship between trade show participation and the internal factor of SMI to turnover growth rate of SMEs Jakarta. The results of data processing with logit model showed that some variables of those factors, significantly correlated to sales growth rate of SMIs. Those variables are: annual average frequency of participation fairs and scale trade shows, the competitiveness of services related to product, online marketing, SMIs domicile in South Jakarta and North Jakarta, is variables that significantly correlated positively to the growth rate of turnover. Another variable; age exhibition participation, trade show financing by the Government and owner age are significantly negatively correlated to the sales growth rate"

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Dengan munculnya perjanjian liberalisasi perdagangan serta rencana komprehensif untuk UMKM di ASEAN seperti ASEAN Strategic Action Plan for SME Development 2016-2025, salah satu harapan dari UMKM di ASEAN adalah untuk lebih berpartisipasi dalam supply chain. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut karakteristik UMKM serta internasionalisasi dari UMKM yang berdampak positif terhadap kegiatan ekspor dan impor UMKM menjadi kunci untuk liberalisasi perdagangan untuk UMKM. Lima negara ASEAN dengan jumlah UMKM terbanyak yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, dan Vietnam menjadi subjek penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menggunakan regresi cross section data survey pada tahun 2015, penulis menemukan beberapa karakteristik serta indikator internasionalisasi yang berhubungan positif dengan partisipasi dalam supply chain. Dalam sesama UMKM dalam ASEAN, jumlah pekerja masih berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi dalam supply chain. Tingkat kemampuan pekerja yang diukur melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan formal untuk pekerja ikut berpengaruh positif terhadap partisipasi dalam supply chain.  Akses kepada kredit juga berpengaruh sebagai karakteristik UMKM yang berpartisipasi dalam supply chain. Internasionalisasi UMKM di ASEAN melalui kepemilikan asing dan hasil produksi yang bersertifikasi ISO dan setara ikut berpengaruh positif terhadap partisipasi dalam supply chain.

 

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With the emerging of trade liberalization agreements with comprehensive plans for ASEAN small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) such as ASEAN Strategic Action Plan for SME Development 2016-2025, the hopes for ASEAN SMEs is to participate more in supply chains. To achieve that the SMEs characteristics with the internationalization of the SMEs which have positive effects to the SMEs export and import activities become the key for trade liberalization for SMEs. Five ASEAN countries with the most amount of SMEs such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, and Vietnam become the subject of this study. Based on the results of this study using cross section regression from survey data on 2015, the author found several characteristics and internationalization indicators that positively related with participation in supply chain. Among ASEAN SMEs, the number of worker still matter to participation in supply chains. The skill level of workers based on education and formal training also positively affects participation in supply chains. Furthermore, credit to access is positively affects participation in supply chain. Internationalization of ASEAN SMEs through foreign ownership and production output with ISO certification also positively affects participation in supply chain.

 

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"Globalization requires Small and Medium enterprises to increase its existence in order to compete in a global world. Small and Medium enterprises have to always increase the creativity to be able to create products that have innovated. Yet currently SMEs still have obstacles in increasing its existence, such as the poor ability of businesses, the difficulty of access to capital and does not quickly follow the development of science and technology. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of government to grow the performance of SMEs towards creative industry in Jambi Province. The sampling technique for the location and respondents is in a purposive sampling. The provision of sample site and respondents selection is based on the already defined criteria. For locations, there are 7 (seven] locations selected as the samples and 200 for the sample of respondents. The analysis method used is the descriptive analysis depicting government role in improving SMEs performance. The results of the study explain that the government's support is still low to improve the quality of human resources through education and training. There are still SMEs which have never attended the training because the Department of Industry and Trade has not had a database of SMEs which have attended the training or not. SMEs still have capital problems. The government is not yet optimally introducing technological advances and not yet optimally assisting the development and marketing of products. There is overlapping of the same programs among SKPD that empower SMEs. From the other side, the business climate is already conducive as the government gives ease of permit and smoothness of business. The results of the study recommend (1] to provide education and training equally for SMEs (2] Creation of synergistic between the related SKFD and SMEs (3] Developing microfinance institution to solve the capital problem (3) Jambi Provincial Government needs to build cooperation with universities to do Transfer of science and technology."

"Walaupun tidak ada penelitian atau literatur mengenai pemanfaatan kesepakatan-kesepakatan perdagangan bebas (FTAs) yang ada hingga saat ini, baik yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Indonesia maupun ASEAN., oleh usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia, dugaan kuat adalah pada umumnya UMKM di Indonesia tidak memanfaatkan FTAs. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab-penyebab utama mengapa selama ini kebanyakan UMKM di Indonesia tidak memanfaatkan peluang-peluang yang ada dari adanya FTAs. Berdasarkan studi-studi yang ada di negara-negara Asia ada sejumlah kemungkinan alasan termasuk diantaranya keterbatasan informasi mengenai FTAs, prosedur yang mahal dan ruwet untuk mendapatkan surat keterangan asal dan sedikitnya UMKM yang melakukan kegiatan perdagangan internasional."