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"Semenjak abad pencerahan dimulai, Bangsa Barat yang mulai mengedepankan akal dan menjadikan eksplorasi dunia sebagai fokus mereka. Tiongkok yang kala itu berada di bawah pemerintahan Dinasti Qing dan memegang teguh konsep zhongguo, dihadapkan dengan kehadiran Bangsa Barat yang telah menganut nilai-nilai sosial hasil dari abad pencerahan. Intensi untuk berniaga dengan Tiongkok direspon dengan pemberlakuan sistem cohong, yang membatasi ruang gerak Bangsa Barat. Banyak upaya dilakukan untuk membatasi, namun justru berdampak negatif bagi Tiongkok. Mengakibatkan pecahnya Perang Candu I dan mengancam kedaulatan Tiongkok. Penelitian ini meneliti sejauh mana penerapan konsep zhongguo pada sistem cohong dalam perekonomian Dinasti Qing (1757-1842), dan akan membahas mengenai konsep zhongguo dan perannya dalam pemerintahan kekaisaran Tiongkok, sistem cohong dan bagaimana pelaksanaannya, situasi dan kondisi Tiongkok sebelum dan saat masuknya Bangsa Barat, dan menganalisis mengapa Tiongkok menerapkan sistem cohong dan sejauh mana sistem cohong menjadi wujud nyata dari penerapan konsep zhongguo.

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Since the era of enlightenment began, Western nations who began to prioritize ratio made world exploration as their focus. China, which at that time was under the reign of the Qing Dynasty and adhered to the concept of zhongguo, was faced with the presence of Western nations who had embraced social values ​​as a result of the Enlightenment. The intention to trade with China was responded by the implementation of cohong system, which limited the space for Western nations to move. Many attempts were made to limit it, but it had a negative impact on China. Resulted in the outbreak of the Opium War I and threatened China's sovereignty. This study examines the extent of the application of the zhongguo concept to the cohong system in the economy of the Qing Dynasty (1757-1842), and will discuss the zhongguo concept and its role in the Chinese imperial government, the cohong system and how it was implemented, the situation and condition of China before and during the entry of the West, and analyze why China implements the cohong system and the extent to which the cohong system becomes a concrete manifestation of the application of the zhongguo concept.

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"Explains the Buddha's teaching of interdependence and karma, guiding readers through a process that enables them to understand how their present actions influence their future experience. This title encourages us to broaden our outlook and achieve a profound shift in our personal values. It offers us the tools to deal with the negative emotions. Finally, he rewards us with six focal practices called the six perfections - generosity, morality, patience, effort, concentration and wisdom - to help us move forward in our journey from self-centredness to enlightenment."

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Tesis ini menjelaskan pengaruh kualitas media sosial terhadap public engagement serta pengaruh keduanya terhadap organization public relationship (OPR). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan responden followers dari media sosial Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi yang berjumlah 400 orang, dari tiga platform media sosial yaitu Instagram, Twitter dan Facebook. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis jalur (path analysis) untuk membuktikan hipotesa dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas media sosial memiliki pengaruh terhadap public engagement dan keduanya juga memiliki pengaruh terhadap OPR. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dimensi yang paling dominan dari kualitas media sosial yang berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan public engagement adalah kemudahan akses dan informasi yang bermanfaat. Sementara dimensi yang paling dominan dari public engagement dalam membentuk OPR adalah dimensi konsumsi. Selain itu meskipun baik kualitas media sosial dan public engagement sama-sama memiliki pengaruh terhadap OPR, ternyata dalam penelitian ini pengaruh langsung kualitas media sosial terhadap OPR lebih besar dibanding pengaruh tidak langsung melalui public engagement.

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This research explains the influence of social media quality on public engagement and their influence on organization public relations (OPR). This research is a quantitative study towards followers of The Agency for The Assessment and Application of Technology`s social media, amounting to 400 respondents. Descriptive statistical analysis and path analysis were chosen as method of data analysis to prove the hypothesis in this study. The results show that the quality of social media has an influence on public engagement and both also have an influence on OPR. This study shows that the most dominant dimension of the quality of social media affecting public engagement is the ease of access and useful information. While the most dominant dimension of public engagement in forming OPR is consump dimension. In addition, although both the quality of social media and public enagagement have influence on OPR, it turns out that the direct influence of the quality of social media on OPR is greater than the indirect influence through public engagement.

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