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"Latar Belakang: Perawatan ortodontik, yang bertujuan memperbaiki maloklusi dan meningkatkan estetika serta fungsi dentofasial, membutuhkan keterlibatan aktif pasien untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal. Peran pasien menjadi semakin penting dengan pendekatan Pengambilan Keputusan Bersama (PKB), yang mendorong partisipasi pasien dalam pengambilan keputusan perawatan. PKB, didukung oleh komunikasi efektif dan pendidikan manajemen diri, menawarkan peluang untuk meningkatkan kepuasan, kepatuhan, dan hasil klinis, meskipun menghadapi tantangan dalam implementasinya. Pembahasan: PKB memberikan banyak manfaat, termasuk peningkatan pengetahuan pasien, hubungan yang lebih baik antara pasien dan ortodontis, serta penggunaan sumber daya yang lebih efisien. Komunikasi efektif, baik verbal maupun nonverbal, memainkan peran penting dalam membangun kepercayaan dan menyampaikan informasi secara jelas. Pendidikan manajemen diri juga berkontribusi signifikan, membantu pasien memahami tanggung jawab mereka dalam menjaga kebersihan mulut selama perawatan, mengurangi risiko iatrogenik, dan membentuk kebiasaan sehat jangka panjang. Ringkasan: Peran aktif pasien dalam perawatan ortodontik merupakan kunci keberhasilan perawatan jangka panjang. Dengan memperkuat PKB, komunikasi efektif, dan pendidikan manajemen diri, hasil perawatan dapat ditingkatkan secara signifikan.

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Background: Orthodontic treatment, aimed at correcting malocclusion and improving dentofacial aesthetics and function, requires active patient involvement to achieve optimal outcomes. The role of patients has become increasingly significant with the adoption of Shared Decision Making (SDM), which promotes patient participation in treatment decisions. Supported by effective communication and self-management education, SDM offers opportunities to enhance patient satisfaction, compliance, and clinical outcomes, despite challenges in its implementation. Discussion: SDM provides numerous benefits, including increased patient knowledge, stronger relationships between patients and orthodontists, and more efficient resource utilization. Effective communication, both verbal and nonverbal, plays a critical role in building trust and delivering clear information. Self-management education also makes a significant contribution by helping patients understand their responsibilities in maintaining oral hygiene during treatment, reducing iatrogenic risks, and fostering long-term healthy habits. Summary: Active patient involvement in orthodontic treatment is key to achieving long-term success. Strengthening SDM, effective communication, and self-management education can significantly improve treatment outcomes."

"Latar belakang: Maloklusi merupakan bentuk penyimpangan oklusi ideal dan menjadi masalah gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi tertinggi ketiga di dunia. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018, proporsi penduduk Indonesia yang melakukan perawatan ortodonti untuk mengatasi maloklusi masih sangat rendah yaitu hanya 0,3%. Rendahnya proporsi tersebut kemungkinan disebabkan berbagai faktor seperti pengetahuan, motivasi, dan hambatan. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, motivasi, dan hambatan terhadap perawatan ortodonti pada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia Metode: Studi analitik observasional potong lintang pada 318 mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia Angkatan 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tiga buah kuesioner tentang pengetahuan, motivasi dan hambatan melalui adaptasi lintas budaya. Hasil: Lebih dari 50% responden memiliki pengetahuan, hambatan, dan kemampuan terhadap perawatan ortodonti dengan kategori sedang. Terdapat 36,2% responden yang memiliki motivasi terhadap perawatan ortodonti tinggi. Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p≤0,05) antara pengetahuan dan motivasi terhadap perawatan ortodonti; antara pengetahuan dan hambatan terhadap perawatan ortodonti; serta antara motivasi dan hambatan terhadap perawatan ortodonti. Motivasi merupakan faktor yang memiliki nilai korelasi terbesar (r=0,798, p≤0,05)terhadap perawatan ortodonti. Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2017 memiliki tingkat motivasi tinggi untuk melakukan perawatan ortodonti, tetapi memiliki tingkat pengetahuan, hambatan, dan kemampuan terhadap perawatan ortodonti sedang. Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, motivasi, dan hambatan terhadap perawatan ortodonti. Motivasi memiliki nilai korelasi paling besar terhadap perawatan ortodonti.

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Background: Malocclusion is a deviation from ideal occlusion and becomes a dental and oral health problem globally with the third-highest prevalence. According to Riskesdas 2018, the proportion of the Indonesian population who had undergone orthodontic treatment to treat malocclusion is still very low, only 0,3%. The low proportion is probably due to various factors such as knowledge, motivation, and barriers. Objective: To assess the relationship between knowledge, motivation, and barriers to orthodontic treatment among University of Indonesia students. Methods: An analytical cross- sectional study was conducted among 318 University of Indonesia students class of 2017. The instrument used was three questionnaires about knowledge, motivation, and barriers through cross-cultural adaptation. Results: More than 50% of the respondents have a moderate level of knowledge, barriers, and orthodontic treatment ability. There are 36.2% of respondents who have high motivation towards orthodontic treatment. The Spearman correlation test shows a significant relationship (p≤0,05) between knowledge and motivation to orthodontic treatment; between knowledge and barriers to orthodontic treatment; and between motivation and barriers to orthodontic treatment. Motivation shows the highest correlation to orthodontic treatment (r=0,798, p≤0,05). Conclusion: University of Indonesia students class of 2017 have a high level of motivation to perform orthodontic treatment but have a moderate level of knowledge, barriers, and ability to orthodontic treatment. There is a relationship between knowledge, motivation, and barriers to orthodontic treatment. Motivation has the greatest correlation value to orthodontic treatment."

"Latar belakang: Perawatan ortodonti interseptif dapat mengurangi prevalensi maloklusi di Indonesia yang tinggi yaitu sebesar 80, namun hingga saat ini faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kebutuhan subjektif akan perawatan ortodonti interseptif belum diketahui. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kebutuhan normatif perawatan ortodonti interseptif, sikap terhadap estetika gigi, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat sosioekonomi dengan kebutuhan subjektif perawatan ortodonti interseptif. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional, subjek penelitian adalah 101 murid SDI Al-Azhar 17 Bintaro berusia 8-11 tahun, yang dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan kaca mulut dan probe, sedangkan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan normatif perawatan ortodonti interseptif digunakan alat ukur IKPO-I, dan untuk mengetahui variabel lainnya dengan kuesioner. Hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis dengan uji koefisien kontingensi dan uji korelasi Eta. Hasil: Menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kebutuhan subjektif perawatan ortodonti interseptif p-value=0,625, kebutuhan normatif perawatan ortodonti interseptif r=0,178, sikap terhadap estetika gigi r=0,059, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut r=0,028, dan tingkat sosioekonomi r=0,068 dengan kebutuhan subjektif perawatan ortodonti interseptif. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kebutuhan normatif perawatan ortodonti interseptif, sikap terhadap estetika gigi, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat sosioekonomi dengan kebutuhan subjektif perawatan ortodonti interseptif.

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Background: Interceptive orthodontic treatment can reduce the high prevalence of malocclusion in Indonesia which is 80, however, factors influencing the perceived need for interceptive orthodontic treatment is unknown.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between normative orthodontic treatment need, dental aesthetic self perception, oral health knowledge, gender, socioeconomic status, and perceived need for interceptive orthodontic treatment.

Methods: The design of this study is cross sectional, subjects are 101 students at Al Azhar 17 Bintaro Elementary School aged 8 11 years. Data were obtained through clinical examination using dental mirror and probe. IKPO I is used to know the normative interceptive orthodontic treatment need and questionnaire is used to know other variables. The relationship between variables are analyzed with contingency coefficient analysis and Eta correlation analysis.

Results: Showed no significant relationship between gender p value 0,625, normative orthodontic treatment need r 0,178, dental aesthetic self perception r 0,059, oral health knowledge r 0,028, socioeconomic status r 0,068, and perceived need for interceptive orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion: There are no significant relationship between normative orthodontic treatment need, dental aesthetic self perception, oral health knowledge, gender, and socioeconomic status and perceived need for interceptive orthodontic treatment need."

"Orthodontic medical treatment is performed to move a tooth to the optimal position to obtain optimal occlusion. Orthodontic treatment is accompanied by mechanical stress due to orthodontic force and by psychological stress that is experienced as pain or displeasure. The purpose of this study was to identify stress marker proteins during orthodontic treatment. Levels of receptor activator of NFκB (RANKL) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were analyzed as markers of mechanical stress, and levels of chromogranin A (CgA) and amylase in whole saliva were analyzed as markers of psychological stress. GCF was collected from control and experimental teeth at initiation of treatment and 24 h after treatment. Whole saliva was collected before treatment, at initiation of treatment and 24 h after treatment. RANKL was expressed at 24 h after treatment in the experimental GCF, but not in the control GCF. HSP70 appeared to be constitutively expressed in GCF, and its levels showed no major change between the control and experimental groups from initiation of treatment to 24 h after treatment. Amylase activity in whole saliva was enhanced at 24 h after treatment compared to control, but CgA levels showed little change between the groups. These results indicated that RANKL and amylase may be the candidate markers for mechanical and psychological stress, respectively, during orthodontic treatment, even though the total protein concentration and amylase activity displayed a large standard deviation among subjects. Further studies are therefore required to establish these markers for clinical use."

"Fase awal pergerakan gigi ortodontik diawali dengan respon inflamasi akut. Proses ini menimbulkan respon dari sel paradental dan sel pertahanan tubuh dengan mensintesis dan melepaskan berbagai biomolekul seperti sitokin. Tumor necrosis factor-a TNF-? merupakan sitokin pro-inflamasi penting yang meregulasi respon awal inflamasi pada pergerakan gigi ortodontik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis ekspresi TNF-? dengan membandingkan konsentrasinya pada gingival crevicular fluid GCF antara sistem self-ligating SL dan preadjusted edgewise appliance PEA pada tahap awal perawatan. Metode: Delapan belas pasien usia 15-35 tahun yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua kelompok eksperimental PEA dan SL dan satu kelompok kontrol tanpa perawatan ortodontik. Pasien dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi: indeks iregularitas Little sebesar 4-9 mm pada anterior maksila dengan indikasi perawatan non-ekstrakasi serta tanpa karies aktif, penyakit periodontal, dan penyakit sistemik terkait kerusakan tulang. Cairan krevikular gingiva subjek diambil pada lima titik di anterior maksila sebelum perawatan dan pada: 1, 24, dan 168 jam setelah aplikasi gaya ortodontik. Konsentrasi TNF-? pada sampel GCF diperiksa menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay ELISA. Hasil: Konsentrasi TNF-? meningkat pada 1 jam dan 24 jam setelah aplikasi gaya ortodontik pada kedua sistem baik pada kelompok SL dan PEA. Konsentrasi TNF-? menurun signifikan pada 168 jam setelah aplikasi gaya ortodontik pada kelompok PEA. Sementara itu, pada kelompok SL konsentrasi TNF-? pada 168 jam tetap meningkat walaupun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi TNF-? meningkat pada 1 jam dan 24 jam setelah aplikasi gaya ortodontik pada kelompok PEA dan SL. Pada kelopok PEA, konsentrasi TNF-? menurun signifikaan pada 168 jam, sedangkan pada kelompok SL konsentrasi TNF-? tetap meningkat. Perbedaan konsentrasi TNF-? antara kelompok PEA dan SL mungkin disebabkan oleh perbedaan braket, kawat, dan sistem ligasi yang digunakan antara kedua sistem tersebut.

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The early phase of orthodontic tooth movement begins with acute inflammation response. This processes engender a response on the part of paradental cells and migrating inflammatory cells from periodontal ligament capillaries via the synthesis and release of various biomolecules such as cytokines. Tumor necrosis factor a TNF is an important pro inflammatory cytokine that regulates the early phase of inflammation reaction during orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of the present study was to analyze TNF expression by comparing its concentrations in the gingival crevicular fluid GCF between self ligating SL and preadjusted edgewise appliance PEA systems during the early levelling stage of orthodontic treatment.

Methods: Eighteen patients aged 15 35 years who participated in this study were divided into two experimental groups PEA and SL and control group without orthodontic treatment. Patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria Little irregularity index on maxillary anterior teeth ranging from 4 9 mm non extraction orthodontic treatment for the experimental group no active dental caries, periodontitis, and medical history of bone disorder. The GCF was taken at five sites in the maxilla anterior teeth from each subject just before bracket bonding and at 1, 24, and 168 hours after orthodontic force application. TNF levels in GCF were determined by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay ELISA.

Results: The concentration of TNF was significantly higher in the experimental groups than in the control group at 24 hours after force application. TNF levels were significantly decreased at 168 hours after force application in the PEA group. Meanwhile, in the SL group, the level of TNF at 168 hours was still increased, although there was no statistically significant difference.

Conclusion: TNF concentration was increased at 1 hour and 24 hours after orthodontic force application in both the PEA and SL groups. In the PEA group, TNF concentration was significantly decreased at 168 hours, meanwhile in the SL group, this value remained increased at this time point. The differences in TNF concentration between the PEA and SL groups may be caused by their different types of brackets, wires, and ligation methods."

"Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pH minuman kemasan terhadap gaya regang power chain. Digunakan 28 power chain merk ormco, tipe tertutup, bening, yang diregangkan pada 2 titik berjarak 40 mm pada plat akrilik dan direndam dalam larutan teh botol, buavita, coca cola dan aquades. Gaya regang (grf) power chain diukur menggunakan force gauge dan dicatat gaya awal, setelah 1 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam, 168 jam dan 336 jam perendaman. Terjadi penurunan gaya regang power chain yang signifikan, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap setiap waktu perendaman dalam perbedaan pH larutan teh botol, buavita, coca cola dan aquades.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of teh botol, Buavita, coca cola and distilled water toward force decay of orthodontic power chain. Twenty eight power chains (Ormo, closed type, tranparant) were fixed on acrylic framework (40 mm of distance) and immersed in teh botol, buavita, coca cola and distilled water. Force decay were measured using tension gauge (grf) and recorded at initial force, 1 hour, 24 hour, 42 hour, 72 hour, 168 hour and 336 hours of immersion. There was a decrease of force, however acidity did not influence force degradation of power chain statistically."