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"Pendahuluan: Data Susenas tahun 2022 yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mencatat bahwa 10,48% penduduk Indonesia adalah lansia dengan 2 dari 5 lansia memiliki keluhan kesehatan. Hal ini bisa disebabkan karena banyaknya faktor ekstrinstik maupun intrinsik yang menyebabkan kerusakan seluler sehingga menginduksi protein p53 untuk melakukan cellular senescence. Senyawa thymol, carvacrol, dan flavonoid (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) dalam ekstrak tanaman Plectranthus amboinicus yang kaya akan antioksidan dipercaya dapat menghambat proses cellular senescence sehingga dapat menekan proses penuaan. Dengan itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui interaksi antara komponen ligan pada senyawa aktif thymol, carvacrol, dan flavonoid yang terkandung dalam Plectranthus amboinicus dengan protein target p53 yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas cellular senescence pada proses penuaan. Metode: Studi in silico melalui molecular docking (penambatan molekuler) untuk menguji interaksi molekuler dari ligan senyawa thymol, carvacrol, dan flavonoid (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) dari tanaman Plectranthus amboinicus terhadap reseptor protein target p53 yang bertanggung jawab dalam proses cellular senescence. Hasil interaksi yang didapat merupakan sebuah histogram yang akan dianalisis dan diinterpretasikan untuk mengetahui afinitas ikatan (binding affinity) dari interaksi yang terjadi. Hasil: Terjadi interaksi antara ligan senyawa thymol, carvacrol, dan flavonoid (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) dari tanaman Plectranthus amboinicus terhadap reseptor protein target p53. Kesimpulan: Plectranthus amboinicus berpotensi menjadi agen anti-aging yang dapat menghambat dan memperlambat proses dari penuaan melalui studi in silico. Akan tetapi, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai mengenai sifat-sifat dari Plectranthus amboinicus untuk mengetahui potensi tanaman ini terhadap tubuh manusia yang belum diketahui.

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Introduction: The 2022 Susenas data stated by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) notes that 10.48% of Indonesia’s population are elderly with 2 out of 5 having health complaints. This could be due to the many extrinsic and intrinsic factors that causes cellular damage thereby inducing the p53 protein to perform cellular senescence. Compounds of thymol, carvacrol, and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) from the extract of the Plectranthus amboinicus plant which are rich in antioxidants are believed to have the potential to inhibit the cellular senescence process so as to suppress the aging process. The purpose of this research is to investigate the interaction between the ligand of thymol, carvacrol, and flavonoid compounds from Plectranthus amboinicus with the p53 target protein which is associated with cellular senescence activity in the aging procress. Methods: In silico study through molecular docking to examine the molecular interactions of the ligands of thymol, carvacrol, and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) from the Plectranthus amboinicus plant against the target protein receptor p53 which is responsible for the process of cellular senescence. The interaction results obtained is a histogram which will be analyzed and interpreted to determine the binding affinity of the interactions that occured. Results: Interactions existed between the ligands of thymol, carvacrol, and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, eriodictyol) from the Plectranthus amboinicus plant against the target protein receptor p53. Conclusion: Plectranthus amboinicus has the potential to be an anti-aging agent that can inhibit and slow down the process of aging through in silico studies. However, it is necessary to carry out further research regarding the properties of Plectranthus amboinicus to determine the unknown potential of this plant to the human body.

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"Asiatikosida adalah konstituen utama yang diisolasi dari Centella asiatica (L.) dan merupakan salah satu zat aktif yang banyak digunakan untuk mencegah penuaan kulit. Namun, asiatikosida memiliki masalah ketidakstabilan karena mudah teroksidasi dan terdegradasi. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas asiatikosida dalam sediaan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan mikroemulsi asiatikosida sebagai sistem pembawa yang dapat meningkatkan stabilitas asiatikosida dan memfasilitasinya sebagai sediaan kosmetik. Pada penelitian ini, optimasi mikroemulsi asiatikosida dilakukan dengan memformulasikan mikroemulsi menggunakan isopropil miristat (sebagai fase minyak) dengan konsentrasi surfaktan (Tween 80) yang berbeda, yaitu F1 = 20%, F2 = 25%, dan F3 = 30%. Mikroemulsi dibuat dengan menggunakan metode titrasi fase. Ketiga formula yang diproduksi dievaluasi dalam hal organoleptik, distribusi ukuran partikel, pH, bobot jenis, viskositas, rheologi dan tegangan permukaan, cycling test, sentrifugasi, uji stabilitas 6 minggu pada 5±3°C dan 30±2°C, serta uji penetapan kadar selama 5 minggu penyimpanan. Mikroemulsi jernih dihasilkan dari F2 dan F3, sedangkan F1 tampak keruh dan terjadi pemisahan fase. Uji penetapan kadar menunjukkan bahwa kadar asiatikosida selama 5 minggu dalam formula F1, F2 dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 65,25 ± 13,73%; 42,62 ± 15,72% dan 68,50 ± 5,94%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mikroemulsi yang mengandung asiatikosida yaitu F2 dan F3 memenuhi persyaratan dan stabil secara fisik selama penyimpanan 6 minggu. Namun, belum dapat meningkatkan stabilitas kimia asiatikosida selama penyimpanan 5 minggu.

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Asiaticoside is the main constituent isolated from Centella asiatica (L.), and is one of the active substances widely used to prevent skin aging. However, asiaticoside has instability problems because it is easily oxidized and degraded. This can affect the stability of asiaticoside in cosmetic preparations. The aim of this study was to obtain an asiaticoside-containing microemulsion as a carrier system that could increase the stability of asiaticoside and facilitate it as a cosmetic preparation. In this study, optimization of the asiaticoside-contiaining microemulsion was carried out by formulating the microemulsion using isopropyl myristate (as an oil phase) with different surfactant (Tween 80) concentrations, namely F1 = 20%, F2 = 25%, and F3 = 30%. The microemulsion was prepared by using the phase titration method. The three formulations manufactured were evaluated in terms of their organoleptic, particle size distribution, pH, mass density, viscosity, rheology and surface tension. Moreover, a cycling test, centrifugation method, 6-week stability test at 5±3°C and 30±2°C, and drug content assay during 5-week of storage were also conducted. Clear microemulsions were produced from F2 and F3, while F1 looked cloudy and phase separation occurred. The assay results showed that the asiaticoside levels for 5 weeks in F1, F2 and F3 were 65.25 ± 13.73%; 42.62 ± 15.72% and 68.50 ± 5.94%, respectively. It can be concluded that the asiaticoside microemulsions F2 and F3, meet the requirements and were physically stable during 6 weeks of storage. However, it has not been able to increase the chemical stability of asiaticoside during 5 weeks of storage.  "

"N-acetylcysteine ​​adalah antioksidan yang mengandung gugus thiol / sulfhydryl dan saat ini sedang dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam krim anti-penuaan. N-asetilsistein tidak stabil karena mudah teroksidasi. Salah satu strategi untuk menjaga stabilitas N-acetylcysteine ​​adalah diformulasikan menggunakan transferome sebagai sistem pembawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan stabilitas dan aktivitas antioksidan dari N-acetylcysteine ​​dalam krim anti-penuaan yang diformulasikan dengan sistem pembawa yang berpindah-pindah dan yang tidak. Formulasi transferome optimal yang digunakan memiliki rasio fosfatidilkolin dan tween 80 (90:10). Stabilitas fisik diuji dengan tes bersepeda dan tes sentrifugal, hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kedua krim stabil secara fisik. Stabilitas kimia diperoleh dari hasil penentuan zat aktif yang tersisa dalam uji stabilitas dipercepat pada kondisi 40oC dan kelembaban relatif 70% yang dianalisis menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography detektor UV-Vis pada kondisi analisis optimal dan valid menggunakan kolom C18 , panjang gelombang maksimum 214 nm, laju aliran 1,0 mL / menit, volume injeksi 5 μL, dan larutan buffer fosfat fase seluler pH 3,0. Hasil uji stabilitas dipercepat menunjukkan bahwa jumlah rata-rata N-asetilsistein yang tersisa dalam krim transferom adalah 82,92%, sedangkan krim non-transferom adalah 48,47%. Uji aktivitas antioksidan yang telah dilakukan membuktikan bahwa N-acetylcysteine ​​yang terkandung dalam sediaan krim memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat karena memiliki IC50 26,90 μg / mL dan 38,63 μg / mL. Hasil uji penetrasi in vitro menunjukkan bahwa formulasi transferom dalam sediaan krim dapat meningkatkan tingkat penetrasi N-acetylcysteine ​​dalam krim anti-penuaan yang 845,67 μg.cm-2.jam

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N-acetylcysteine ​​is an antioxidant that contains a thiol / sulfhydryl group and is currently being developed as an active ingredient in anti-aging creams. N-acetylcysteine ​​is unstable because it is easily oxidized. One strategy to maintain the stability of N-acetylcysteine ​​is formulated using transferome as a carrier system. This study aims to compare the stability and antioxidant activity of N-acetylcysteine ​​in anti-aging creams formulated with mobile carrier systems and those that do not. The optimal transferome formulation used has a ratio of phosphatidylcholine and tween 80 (90:10). Physical stability was tested with a cycling test and a centrifugal test, the results obtained showed that both creams were physically stable. Chemical stability was obtained from the results of determining the remaining active substances in the accelerated stability test at 40oC and 70% relative humidity analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography UV-Vis detector under optimal and valid analysis conditions using column C18, maximum wavelength 214 nm, rate flow of 1.0 mL / min, 5 μL injection volume, and cellular phase phosphate buffer solution pH 3.0. Accelerated stability test results showed that the average amount of N-acetylcysteine ​​remaining in transferom cream was 82.92%, while non-transferom cream was 48.47%. Antioxidant activity tests that have been carried out prove that N-acetylcysteine ​​contained in cream preparations has strong antioxidant activity because it has IC50 26.90 μg / mL and 38.63 μg / mL. In vitro penetration test results show that the transferom formulation in cream preparations can increase the penetration rate of N-acetylcysteine ​​in anti-aging creams which is 845.67 μg.cm-2.hours."

"Pendahuluan: Fork-head transcription factor of the O class 3 (FOXO3) merupakan gen yang berfungsi dalam berbagai proses metabolisme dan menjaga keseimbangan regulasi energi. FOXO3 memiliki peran penting dalam mekanisme respon terhadap berbagai stressor yang bersifat sitoprotektif, sehingga mampu mempengaruhi jangka hidup organisme dan bersifat anti-aging. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh puasa berjangka (16 jam) dan puasa panjang (40 jam) dengan pengaruhnya terhadap ekspresi gen FOXO3 sebagai biomarka anti-aging menggunakan Kelinci New Zealand White sebagai model. Metode: Sampel liver Kelinci New Zealand White diekstrak dari masing-masing tiga kelompok kelinci yaitu kelompok kontrol, puasa berjangka, dan puasa panjang. Selanjutnya, dilakukan isolasi RNA liver menggunakan RNA Isolation Kit. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat ekspresi mRNA FOXO3. ANOVA dengan aplikasi IBM SPSS digunakan untuk perhitungan statistik. Hasil: Ekspresi mRNA FOXO3 ditemukan meningkat secara signifikan (p<0.05) pada kelompok puasa berjangka dibandingkan kontrol (2.17-kali), sedangkan kelompok puasa panjang dibandingkan kontrol tidak bermakna signifikan. Ekspresi mRNA FOXO3 pada kelompok puasa berjangka ditemukan juga lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05)  dibandingkan kelompok puasa panjang (2.5-kali). Kesimpulan: Ekspresi FOXO3 ditemukan meningkat pada kelompok puasa berjangka. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa puasa berjangka dapat meningkatkan ekspresi biomarker anti-aging yaitu gen FOXO3.

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Introduction: Fork-head transcription factor of the O class 3 (FOXO3), a gene that has various functions in energy metabolism and metabolic balance. FOXO3 plays an important role in initiating response toward various stressors by eliciting the cytoprotective effect that affects the lifespan of an organism. This research was conducted to study the impact of intermittent (16 hours) and prolonged fasting (40 hours) on the expression of FOXO3 gene expression in New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbits. Methods: Liver samples are taken from each group of NZW Rabbits (control, intermittent, and prolonged fasting). Further, the RNA sample is isolated from the liver by using the RNA Isolation Kit. qRT-PCR was used to measure the FOXO3 gene mRNA expression rate. ANOVA was performed with IBM SPSS application for statistical analysis. Results: mRNA expression of FOXO3 was found significantly higher (p<0.05) in the intermittent fasting group compared to control (2.17-fold), while prolonged fasting group compared to the control group not showing any statistically significant changes. mRNA FOXO3 expression in intermittent fasting was increased in a statistically significant (p<0.05) level compared to a prolonged group (2.5-fold). Conclusion: FOXO3 gene expression found to be higher in the intermittent fasting group. This result shows that intermittent fasting increases the expression of the FOXO3 gene."

"Penuaan dini pada kulit dapat dicegah dengan produk kosmetik dengan bahan-bahan natural. dicegah dengan produk kosmetik dengan bahan-bahan natural. Asiatikosida adalah salah satu zat aktif yang dapat mencegah penuaan dini dan terkandung di dalam ekstrak Centella asiatica. Namun, asiatikosida memiliki berat molekul yang besar sehingga sulit terpenetrasi ke dalam kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sediaan mengandung asiatikosida ke dalam sistem pembawa mixed micelles. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi formula mixed micelles dengan metode direct dissolution, yaitu formulasi F1-F3 dengan konsentrasi campuran surfaktan dan kosurfaktan yang berbeda. Formula di atas selanjutnya dikarakterisasi berdasarkan morfologi, ukuran partikel, nilai zeta potensial dan efisiensi penjerapannya. Hasil yang diperoleh kemudian akan dikembangkan dalam masker anti-aging dan dievaluasi dari aspek organoleptis, homogenitas, stabilitas dan uji penetrasi secara in vitro. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa F1 dengan konsentrasi surfaktan-kosurfaktan total 29,2% merupakan formula terbaik dengan morfologi yang sferis, Zaverage 128,3±9,19 nm, nilai rata-rata indeks polidispersitas 0,36±0,05, nilai rata-rata zeta potensial -23,03±0,28 mV, dan nilai efisiensi penjerapan sebesar 96,91±3,09%. Pengembangan F1 sebagai masker menunjukkan jumlah kumulatif asiatikosida sebesar 3772,50 µg/cm2, persentase jumlah asiatikosida terpenetrasi sebesar 42,51% dan memberikan nilai fluks sebesar 480,77 µg/cm2/jam. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan mixed micelle memiliki daya penetrasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan sediaan blanko dan memiliki potensi sebagai produk kosmetik anti-aging.

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Premature aging of the skin could be prevented by using anti-aging cosmetic products with natural ingredients. One of the active ingredients to prevent aging of the skin is asiaticoside in Centella asiatica extract. However, it has a large molecular weight, which could make it difficult to penetrate into the skin. This study aims to formulate and characterized asiaticoside from into mixed micelles system which could increase the penetration rate. In this study, the optimization of the mixed micelles formulas with direct dissolution method, formulating F1 – F3 which containing different concentrations of the surfactants-cosurfactants. Furthermore, these formulas will be characterized based on their morphology, particle size, zeta potential value and encapsulation efficiency. Formula with the best result, will be selected and will be developed for anti-aging mask, then evaluated from the aspects of organoleptic, homogeneity, stability and in vitro penetration test using Franz diffusion cells. The results show F1 with 29,2% of surfactant is the best formula with spherical morphology, Zaverage 128,3±9,19 nm, average value of polydispersity index 0,36±0,05, average value of zeta potential is -23,03±0,28 mV, and encapsulation efficiency value of 96,91±3,09%, thus it shall use for the development of anti-aging mask. In the next evaluation, F1 also showed the cumulative amount of asiaticoside was 3772,50 μg/cm2, the percentage of asiaticoside penetrated in the mixed micelles solution was 42,51% and flux value of 480,77 μg/cm2/hour. Based on these results, mixed micelles solution has better penetration than the non-mixed micelles solution and has the potential to be used as an anti-aging cosmetic product."

"For millennia, people have been searching for the elusive fountain of youth - the key to living a long, healthy, productive and fulfilling life. Is it merely a matter of luck or good genes that some of us reach advanced years free of disease, debility and disability? Or are there proven strategies that we can adopt to make our lives longer, stronger and altogether more rewarding? In THE FOUNTAIN, pioneers and leaders in the fields of healing, wellness, nutrition, vitamin and mineral therapy, exercise physiology and beauty share the wisdom they've gained to guide all of us to the fountain of youth. Among the topics addressed in these easy-to-read, succinct essays are: � How the interaction among nutrition, vitamins, exercise and meaningful work and relationship enhances wellness at every stage � How vitamin therapy can guard against chronic disease, even into old age � How proper nutrition prevents the onset of disease and boosts well-being � How cultivating relationships assuages stress and serves as a buffer against disease � How meditation and other relaxation practices set the state for lifelong wellness � How natural strategies enhance beauty at all ages A book you'll return to again and again in your own quest for natural, holistic ways to make each day count, as you count more days of healthy life."

"ABSTRAKIsopropil miristat dan gliseril monostearat merupakan ester dari asam miristat dan asam stearat yang seringkali digunakan dalam basis krim anti aging. Namun, dengan adanya keberadaan air dan suasana asam dapat menyebabkan ikatan ester dari kedua zat tersebut terputus, sehingga kembali membentuk asam miristat dan asam stearat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh data stabilitas produk krim anti agingdengan uji stabilitas dipercepat, melalui perhitungan asam miristat dan asam stearat sebagai hasil urainya. Asam lemak diesterifikasi terlebih dahulu sebelum dianalisis menggunakan metode esterifikasi Lepage dengan pelarut metanol-toluen 4:1 v/v dan asetil klorida sebagai katalis reaksi. Analisis data stabilitas produk dilakukan menggunakan kromatografigas Shimadzu GC-17A dengan kolom HP-1 dan detektor ionisasi nyala. Kondisi analisis yang digunakan yaitu suhu awal kolom 120 C dengan kenaikan 10 C/menit hingga 160 C, dinaikkan 3 C/menit hingga 220 C dan dipertahankan selama 5 menit, lalu dinaikkan 10 C/menit hingga 260 C dan dipertahankan selama 5 menit. Suhu injektor 260 C, suhu detektor 280 C, dan laju alir gas pembawa 1,0 mL/menit. Waktu retensi campuran asam miristat dan asam stearat berturut-turut sekitar 16,655 menit dan 28,169 menit dengan faktor ikutan 0,734 dan 0,943. Metode validasi campuran asam miristat dan asam stearat yang dilakukan memenuhi persyaratan, dengan linearitas untuk asam miristat y = 9,6483 190, 78x dengan koefisien korelasi r = 0,9997 dan nilai LOD = 0,0013 ppm ; LOQ = 0,0042 ppm. Kemudian untuk asam stearat diperoleh linearitas y = 17,163 106,22x dengan koefisien korelasi r = 0,9998 dan nilai LOD = 0,0016 ppm; LOQ = 0,0053ppm. Pada hasil uji stabilitas dipercepat krim anti aging, diperoleh rata-rata kadar isopropil miristat tersisa pada bulan ke -0, -1, -2, dan -3 sebesar 99,6283 ; 99,1995 ; 98,2571 ; dan 97,1511 . Sedangkan rata-rata kadar gliseril monostearat yang tersisa berturut-turut sebesar 99,6791 ; 98,2881 ; 96,2247 ; dan 93,7195. Tanggal kadaluwarsa dari sediaan tersebut dihitung menggunakan orde nol, yakni 10 bulan dan 9 hari.

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ABSTRACTIsopropyl myristate and glyceryl monostearate are ester form of myristic acid and stearic acid, which commonly used as a component in anti aging cream base. Therefore, with high presence of water and acid as catalyst, the ester linkage can break down and form myristic acid and stearic acid. This study aimed to obtain the stability data of anti aging cream through the accelerated stability testing, by calculating the levels of myristic acid and stearic acid as degradation product. Derivatization were perfomed by esterification Lepage method using methanol toluene 4 1 v v and acetyl chloride as a catalyst. The analysis used gas chromatography Shimadzu GC 17A with HP 1 column and flame ionization detector at the column temperature of 120 C with increased of 10 C min up to 160 C, then increased of 3 C min up to 220 C maintained for 5 minutes , and increased of 10 C min up to 260 C maintained for 5 minutes . Injector and detector temperature were 260 C and 280 C, with flow rate 1.00 mL min. Retention time of myristic acid and stearic acid were 16.655 minutes and 28.169 minutes with Tf0.734 and 0.943 respectively. The results of validation.fulfilled the acceptance.criteria, which obtained linearity for myristic acid y 9.6483 190. 78x with correlation coefficient r value of 0.9997 LOD 0.0013 ppm LOQ 0.0042 ppm, and also linearity for stearic acid y 17.163 106.22x with correlation coefficient r value of 0.9998 LOD 0.0016 ppm LOQ 0.0053 ppm. The results of anti aging cream stability test were obtained with the average remaining levels of isopropyl myristate from 0 to 3 months were 99.6283 99.1995 98.2571 and 97.1511 , and glyceryl monostearate were 99.6791 98.2881 96.2247 and 93.7195. The expired date of anti aging cream product was calculated using zero order, which was 10 months and 9 days."