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"[ABSTRAKTujuan : Mengetahui gambaranpemilihan gender dokter obgin di RSUDZA Banda Aceh secara umum dan berdasarkan tindakan medis (pemeriksaan pelvik, kontrol kehamilan, bedah sesar, dan bedah ginekologi). Mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pemilihan gender dokter obgin dengan prosedur tindakan medis. Mengetahui adakah pengaruh umur, agama, status perkawinan, jumlah paritas, tingkat pendidikan, dan pekerjaan terhadap pemilihan gender dokter obgin.Metode : Penelitian observasionaldengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian berlangsung dari Juli sampai Desember 2013 di Poli Obgin RSUDZA Banda Aceh. Sebanyak 186 sampel diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Dilakukan deskriptif kategorikuntuk mengetahui gambaranpemilihan gender dokter obgin sehingga didapatkan jumlah dan persentase dari tiap-tiap variabel. Untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara pemilihan gender dokter obgin berdasarkan tindakan medisdilakukan penelitian analitik komparatif kategorik tidak berpasangan menggunakan uji Chi Square (p < 0,05 hipotesis terbukti benar). Analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik untuk mencari pengaruh variabel independen (umur, agama, status perkawinan, jumlah paritas, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan) secara bersama-sama terhadap tindakan medis.Hasil : Pasien yang memilih dokter obgin perempuan 72%, laki-laki 5,4%, tidak memilih gender dokter 22,6%. Pada tindakan pemeriksaan pelvik, sebanyak 86,6% memilih dokter perempuan, 10,8% tidak memilih gender dokter, dan 2,7% memilih dokter laki-laki. Pada tindakan kontrol kehamilan, sebanyak 67,2% memilih dokter perempuan, 24,2% tidak memilih gender dokter, dan 8,6% memilih dokter laki-laki. Pada tindakan bedah sesar, sebanyak 59,7% memilih dokter perempuan, 25,8% tidak memilih gender dokter, dan 14,5% memilih dokter laki-laki. Pada tindakan bedah ginekologi, sebanyak 59,1% memilih dokter perempuan, 26,3% tidak memilih gender dokter, dan 14,5% memilih dokter laki-laki. Jumlah paritas mempengaruhi pemilihan gender dokter obgin untuk pemeriksaan pelvik, dengan nilai p 0,046 (< 0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap tindakan medis lainnya.Kesimpulan : Faktor umur, status perkawinan, jumlah paritas, tingkat pendidikan, dan pekerjaan, tidak berpengaruh terhadap pemilihan gender dokter obgin di RSUDZA Banda Aceh. Terdapat pengaruh jumlah paritas terhadap pemilihan gender dokter obgin khusus untuk tindakan pemeriksaan pelvik. Diharapkan dapat dilakukan pengembangan penelitian dengan metode berbeda di daerah lain agar dapat meningkatkan pelayanan dokter obgin di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTAim : To know the description of women's preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh in general and based on medical treatments (pelvic examination, control of pregnancy, cesarean section, and surgical gynecology). To know is there any influence of gender selection towards medical treatments. To know is there any influence of age, religion, marital status, parity, educational level, and work towards women's preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist.Methods : This study was an observational cross-sectional design starting from July to December 2013 at Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinic ofZainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. A total of 186 samples were interviewed using a questionnaire. To find a description of the gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist, we performed a descriptive categorical to get the number and percentage of each variable. To determine whether there's a relationship between women's preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist with medical treatment procedures (pelvic examination, ANC, cesarean section, and gynecology surgical), we used an unpaired categorical comparative analytic study using Chi Square (p < 0,05 hypothesis proved correct). Multivariate analyze using logistic regression to find the influence of the independent variables (age, religion, marital status, parity, education level, occupation) jointly based on medical treatments.Results : The most gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist was female (72%), 5.4% choosing male, and 22.6% did not choose gender. Based on pelvic examination, 86.6% choosing female physician, 10.8% did not choose gender, and 2.7% choosing male physician. In the act of ANC, 67.2% choosing female physician, 24.2% did not choose gender, and 8.6% choosing male physician. Based on cesarean section, as many as 59.7% choosing female physician, 25.8% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. At gynecological surgery, as much as 59.1% choosing female physician, 26.3% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist for pelvic examination, with p value 0.046 (<0.05), but no effect on other treatments.Conclusion : Age, marital status, parity, education level, and employment did not influence the gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences specifically for pelvic examination.It is hoped that further research by using difference methods can be developed at other regions in order to improve obstetrician and gynecologist services in Indonesia.;Aim :To know the description of women?s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh in general and based on medical treatments (pelvic examination, control of pregnancy, cesarean section, and surgical gynecology). To know is there any influence of gender selection towards medical treatments. To know is there any influence of age, religion, marital status, parity, educational level, and work towards women?s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist.Methods : This study was an observational cross-sectional design starting from July to December 2013 at Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinic ofZainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. A total of 186 samples were interviewed using a questionnaire. To find a description of the gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist, we performed a descriptive categorical to get the number and percentage of each variable. To determine whether there?s a relationship between women?s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist with medical treatment procedures (pelvic examination, ANC, cesarean section, and gynecology surgical), we used an unpaired categorical comparative analytic study using Chi Square (p < 0,05 hypothesis proved correct). Multivariate analyze using logistic regression to find the influence of the independent variables (age, religion, marital status, parity, education level, occupation) jointly based on medical treatments.Results : The most gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist was female (72%), 5.4% choosing male, and 22.6% did not choose gender. Based on pelvic examination, 86.6% choosing female physician, 10.8% did not choose gender, and 2.7% choosing male physician. In the act of ANC, 67.2% choosing female physician, 24.2% did not choose gender, and 8.6% choosing male physician. Based on cesarean section, as many as 59.7% choosing female physician, 25.8% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. At gynecological surgery, as much as 59.1% choosing female physician, 26.3% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist for pelvic examination, with p value 0.046 (<0.05), but no effect on other treatments.Conclusion : Age, marital status, parity, education level, and employment did not influence the gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences specifically for pelvic examination.It is hoped that further research by using difference methods can be developed at other regions in order to improve obstetrician and gynecologist services in Indonesia., Aim :To know the description of women’s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh in general and based on medical treatments (pelvic examination, control of pregnancy, cesarean section, and surgical gynecology). To know is there any influence of gender selection towards medical treatments. To know is there any influence of age, religion, marital status, parity, educational level, and work towards women’s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist.Methods : This study was an observational cross-sectional design starting from July to December 2013 at Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinic ofZainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. A total of 186 samples were interviewed using a questionnaire. To find a description of the gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist, we performed a descriptive categorical to get the number and percentage of each variable. To determine whether there’s a relationship between women’s preferences in selecting their obstetrician and gynecologist with medical treatment procedures (pelvic examination, ANC, cesarean section, and gynecology surgical), we used an unpaired categorical comparative analytic study using Chi Square (p < 0,05 hypothesis proved correct). Multivariate analyze using logistic regression to find the influence of the independent variables (age, religion, marital status, parity, education level, occupation) jointly based on medical treatments.Results : The most gender preferences for obstetrician and gynecologist was female (72%), 5.4% choosing male, and 22.6% did not choose gender. Based on pelvic examination, 86.6% choosing female physician, 10.8% did not choose gender, and 2.7% choosing male physician. In the act of ANC, 67.2% choosing female physician, 24.2% did not choose gender, and 8.6% choosing male physician. Based on cesarean section, as many as 59.7% choosing female physician, 25.8% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. At gynecological surgery, as much as 59.1% choosing female physician, 26.3% did not choose gender, and 14.5% choosing male physician. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist for pelvic examination, with p value 0.046 (<0.05), but no effect on other treatments.Conclusion : Age, marital status, parity, education level, and employment did not influence the gender preferences of obstetrician and gynecologist in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. There is the effect of parity on gender preferences specifically for pelvic examination.It is hoped that further research by using difference methods can be developed at other regions in order to improve obstetrician and gynecologist services in Indonesia.]"

"Karsinoma kandung kemih merupakan keganasan nomor empat terbanyak. Dampak beban ekonomi karsinoma kandung kemih cukup nyata, sehingga diperlukan deteksi dini keganasan kandung kemih untuk menurunkan beban ekonomi. Sistoskopi merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk identifikasi karsinoma kandung kemih, tetapi pemeriksaan tersebut invasif dan menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan bagi pasien. Sitologi urin tidak invasif, tetapi hasilnya tidak bisa didapatkan dengan cepat dan terdapat ketergantungan interpretasi pemeriksa.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan nilai diagnosis dua penanda tumor, yaitu ELISA NMP-22, ELISA UBC urin, serta kombinasi keduanya pada pasien karsinoma kandung kemih. Penelitian uji diagnostik ini terdiri dari 25 orang pasien dengan indikasi sistoskopi dan trans ureteral resection bladder tumor (TUR-BT)/biopsi tumor. Pasien yang memenuhi kriteria masukan dan tolakan dilakukan pengambilan urin pasien kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan ELISA NMP-22 dan ELISA UBC urin. Hasil pemeriksaan ELISA NMP-22 dan ELISA UBC urin akan dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan sistoskopi disertai dengan hasil histopatologi.Permeriksaaan ELISA NMP-22 urin dengan cut-off 10 U/ml mempunyai sensitivitas 62,3% dan spesifisitas 83,3%, nilai prediksi positif 81,8% dan nilai prediksi negatif71,4%,likelihood ratio positif3,73 dan likelihood ratio negatif0,45. Jika kasus sistitis dieksklusi maka didapatkan sensitivitas adalah 69,2%, spesifisitas 75%, nilai prediksi positif 81,8%, nilai prediksi negatif 60%, likelihood ratio positif 2,76 , likelihood ratio negatif0,42. Pemeriksaan ELISA UBC dengan cut-off 12 ug/Lmempunyai sensitivitas 38,5% dan spesifisitas 91,7%, nilai prediksi positif 83,3% dan nilai prediksi negatif57,9%,likelihood ratio positif4,63 dan likelihood ratio negatif0,67. Jika kasus sistitis dieksklusi maka didapatkan sensitivitas adalah 38,5%, spesifisitas 87,5%, nilai prediksi positif 83,3%, nilai prediksi negatif 46,7%, likelihood ratio positif 3,08 , likelihood ratio negatif0,70. Kombinasi pemeriksaan ELISA NMP-22 dengan UBC urin mempunyai sensitivitas 76,9% dan spesifisitas 75%, nilai prediksi positif 76,9% dan nilai prediksi negatif75%,likelihood ratio positif3,08 dan likelihood ratio negatif0,31. Jika kasus sistitis dieksklusi maka didapatkan nilai sensitivitas adalah 78,5%, spesifisitas 71,4 %, nilai prediksi positif 84,6 %, nilai prediksi negatif 62,5%, likelihood ratio positif2,74 , likelihood ratio negatif0,30. Kami menyimpulkan kombinasi pemeriksaan ELISA NMP-22 dengan ELISA UBC urin lebih baik karena mempunyai sensitivitas paling tinggi sehingga adanya tumor di kandung kemih baik primer maupun rekuren tidak akan luput dari diagnosis, meskipun harus dipastikan lagi dengan pemeriksaan sistoskopi.

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Bladder cancer is the forth most common cancer. Bladder cancer posseses a significant economic burden so that early detection of baldder cancer may decrease the economic burden. Cystoscopy is the reference standard for identification of bladder carcinoma, but it is invasive andcauses significant discomfortto the patient. Urinary cytology is noninvasive but time consuming and hampered by inter-observer variations. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic value of the urine NMP-22 ELISA test, UBC-ELISA test and combination of both tests on suspect bladder carcinoma patients.This diagnostic study included25 patients who were indicated for cystoscopy and trans uretheral resection bladder tumor / tumor biopsy. From patients who met requirements for the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the urine voided sample was taken and used for NMP-22 ELISA test and UBC ELISA test. The results of NMP-22 ELISA test and UBC ELISA test were evaluated against the cystoscopy and histological findings as the reference standard.The result of diagnostic study of NMP-22 ELISA test with cut-off 10 U/mlshowed that it had a sensitivity of 62,3% and a specificity of 83,3%, a positive predictive value of 81,8% and a negative predicitive value of 71,4%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3,73 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0,45. If the cystitis case was excluded, it had a sensitivity of 69,2%, and a specificity of 75%, a positive predictive value of 81,8%, and a negative predicitive value of 60%, a positive likelihood ratio of 2,76 , and a negative likelihood ratio of0,42. Diagnostic value of UBC ELISA test with cut-off 12 ug/L had a sensitivity of 38,5% and a specificity of 91,7%, a positive predictive value of 83,3% and a negative predicitive value of 57,9%, a positive likelihood ratio of 4,63 and a negative llikelihood ratio of 0,67. If the cystitis case was excluded, it had a sensitivity of 38,5%, and a specificity of 87,5%, a positive predictive value of 83,3%, and a negative predicitive value of 46,7%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3,08 , and a negative likelihood ratio of0,70.Diagnostic value of combined NMP-22 ELISA test with UBC ELISA test had a sensitivity of 76,9% and a specificity of 75%, a positive predictive value of 76,9% and a negative predicitive value of 75%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3,08 and a negative llikelihood ratio of0,31. If the cystitis case was excluded, it had a sensitivity of 78,5%, and a specificity of 71,4%, a positive predictive value of 84,6%, and a negative predicitive value of 62,5%, a positive likelihood ratio of 2,74 , and a negative likelihood ratio of0,30.The conclusion was that the combined NMP-22 ELISA test with UBC test had the highest sensitivity, thus itwould not miss any primary or recurrent tumour in the bladder, although this neededto be confirmed by cystoscopy."

"Pendahuluan dan tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengusulkan istilah baru terkait batu kandung kemih berukuran besar pada populasi pasien anak berdasarkan stone burden, kapasitas kandung kemih, dan gangguan ginjal yang berhubungan dengan batu kandung kemih.Metode: Tiga puluh empat anak dengan batu kandung kemih di Rumah Sakit kami antara Januari 2014 hingga Agustus 2019 dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian. Data mengenai usia pasien, gejala klinis, riwayat diet, status sosial ekonomi, pemeriksaan laboratorium termasuk pemeriksaan darah lengkap, urinalisis dan kultur urin, adanya hidronefrosis, ukuran batu, status gizi, dan jenis operasi dikumpulkan. Estimasi Volume Batu (EVB) diukur dengan menggunakan rumus Ackermann, sedangkan Estimasi Kapasitas Kandung Kemih (EKKK) dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus Koff. Kurva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) digunakan untuk menentukan nilai cut-off terbaik untuk menentukan nilai rasio EVB terhadap EKKK di mana batu kandung kemih menyebabkan hidronefrosis.Hasil: Hidronefrosis tercatat pada 12 pasien. Terdapat perbedaan hasil yang signifikan pada rerata EVB dan rasio EVB terhadap EKKK ditemukan pada kedua kelompok (masing-masing p <0,001 dan 0,006). Kurva ROC digunakan untuk menilai akurasi rasio EVB terhadap EKKK sebagai prediktor kejadian hidronefrosis dengan luas area di bawah kurva 0,768 (95% CI 0,624 hingga 0,949). Nilai cut-off rasio EVB terhadap EKKK adalah 0,0286 dengan sensitivitas 94,40%, spesifisitas 62,50%, nilai prediksi positif 73,91%, dan nilai prediksi negatif 90,90%.Kesimpulan: Kami mengusulkan untuk menggunakan istilah giant pada kasus batu buli pasien anak dengan menggunakan rasio EVB terhadap EKKK di atas 0,028. Kami berharap penelitian kami akan mendorong peneliti lain untuk secara prospektif mengevaluasi implikasi terapeutik dari terminologi baru.

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Introduction: This current study aims to propose a new term related to giant bladder stones in pediatric patient populations concerning the stone burden, bladder capacity, and renal impairment related to the bladder stone.

Methods: Thirty-four children with bladder stones in our center between January 2014 to August 2019 were admitted to the study. Data regarding patient's age, clinical symptoms, dietary history, socioeconomic status, laboratory investigations include complete blood examination, urinalysis and urine culture, presence of hydronephrosis, stone size, nutritional status, and type of procedure were collected. Estimated stone volume (ESV) was measured using Ackermann's formula, while estimated bladder capacity (EBC) was calculated using Koff formulas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the best cut-off value for determining what ESV to EBC ratio value at which a bladder stone cause hydronephrosis.

Results: Hydronephrosis was noted in 12 patients. A significant difference in the mean ESV and ESV to EBC ratio was found between those two groups (p < 0.001 and 0.006 respectively). ROC curve was used to assess the accuracy of the ESV to EBC ratio as a predictor of hydronephrosis incidence with the area under the curve 0.768 (95% CI 0.624 to 0.949). Cut-off value of this ESV to EBC ratio is 0.0286 with a sensitivity 94.40%, specificity 62.50%, positive predictive value 73.91%, and negative predictive value 90.90%.

Conclusion: We propose to use the term giant in pediatric cases using the EBV to EBC ratio above 0.028. We hope that our work will stimulate other researchers to prospectively evaluate the therapeutic implications of the new terminology."

"Latar belakang: Batu buli merepresentasikan sekitar 5% dari semua kasus batu saluran kemih. Banyak kondisi medis yang berperan dalam pembentukan batu tersebut. Penanganan batu buli terus berkembang dari sectio alta, intracorporeal lithotripsy dan extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). ESWL adalah sebuah modalitas yang menjanjikan dalam penanganan batu buli karena dapat ditoleransi dengan baik dan lebih sederhana. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data yang dapat menggambarkan keamanan dan efektifitas dari ESWL dalam penanganan batu buliMetode: Studi ini merupakan sebuah studi retrospektif yang mengambil data dari rekam medis 92 pasien yang didiagnosa batu buli di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dari Januari 2011 sampai April 2015. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi usia pasien, jenis kelamin, jenis batu, prosedur yang dilakukan dan status disintegrasi batu, lama rawat dan komplikasi yang mungkin terjadi. Semua data dianalisa secara statistik menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 20.Hasil: Mayoritas pasien menjalani prosedur ESWL (49 dari 92, 53,3%). Angka bebas batu untuk tindakan ESWL, intracorporeal lithotripsy, dan sectio alta adalah 93,9%, 97,0% dan 100% secara berurutan. Salah satu pasien harus mengulang prosedur ESWL. Rerata ukuran batu ditemukan paling kecil pada kelompok ESWL bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok intracorporeal lithotripsy dan sectio alta (2,5±2,0 vs 4,8±3,7 vs 7,4±5,4 secara berurutan). Perbedaan rerata batu ditemukan signifikan secara statistik antara kelompok ESWL dan intracorporeal lithotripsy (p=0,014). Prosedur ESWL dilakukan pada klinik rawat jalan.Kesimpulan: ESWL dapat direkomendaasikan sebagai modalitas terapi yang efektif dan non-invasif dalam penanganan batu buli dengan angka bebas batu yang cukup baik (93,9%) dan bisa dilakukan di poliklinik rawat jalan dengan komplikasi yang minimal.

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Background: Bladder stone accounts for 5% of all cases of urolithiasis. Many conditions play a role in its formation. Bladder stones management has evolved over the last decades from open bladder surgery (sectio alta) to intracorporeal cystholithotripsy as well as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). ESWL presents to be a promising modality in the management of bladder calculi due to its simplicity and well tolerability. This study is thus conducted to present data on the safety and effectiveness of ESWL in the management of bladder stone patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study evaluating the medical records of 92 bladder calculi patients admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSCM) from January 2011 to April 2015. Patient’s age, gender, type of stone and procedure being done, status of stone disintegration, length of hospital stay, and any complications that may occur are noted down and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS v. 20.

Results: Majority of the patients underwent ESWL (49 out of 92, 53.3%). The stone free rates for ESWL, intracorporeal lithotripsy, and sectio alta are 93.9%, 97.0% and 100% respectively. One patient had to repeat ESWL. The ESWL group had the smallest stone size average compared to the intracorporeal lithotripsy and section alta group (2.5±2.0 vs 4.8±3.7 vs 7.4±5.4 respectively). This difference in average stone size was statistically significant compared to the ESWL and intracorporeal lithotripsy group (p=0.014). The ESWL sessions were conducted in the outpatient clinic, and thus no hospital stay was required.

Conclusion: ESWL can be suggested as an effective non-invasive approach in the disintegration of bladder stone of £25 mm with a promisingly high stone-free rate (93.9%) that can be performed on an outpatient basis with minimal complications.

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"Latar Belakang Radikal sistektomi (radical cystectomy / RC) merupakan standar pengobatan untuk muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. Diperlukan faktor prediksi untuk pendekatan agresif karena dapat menyebabkan pengobatan berlebihan. Hitung darah tepi (BCC) dilaporkan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan beberapa jenis keganasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan BCC sebagai faktor prediktor terhadap tingkat keselamatan umum (OS) pada pasien karsinoma kandung kemih (BC) setelah menjalani RC.Metode Studi kohort retrospektif dibuat terhadap 26 pasien yang menjalani RC. Karakteristik demografis dan BCC seperti hemoglobin (Hb), NLR, PLR, dan rasio limfosit/monosit (LMR). Analisis kesintasan Kaplan-Meier dilakukan untuk menentukan overall survival (OS) pada penanda pemeriksaan hitung darah. Hubungan antara karakteristik pasien dengan kesintasan satu tahun juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Mantel-Cox (Log-rank).Hasil Dari 26 pasien, usia rata-rata adalah 55,6 ± 12,9 tahun. Pada analisis univariat, tidak ada karakteristik demografis yang ditemukan sebagai prediktor signifikan dari kelangsungan hidup satu tahun dan keseluruhan (p>0,05). Hb, NLR, PLR, dan LMR tidak menjadi prediktor signifikan dari kelangsungan hidup satu tahun dan OS (p>0,05).Kesimpulan BCC bukan merupakan faktor prediktor yang signifikan terhadap kelangsungan hidup pada pasien dengan kanker kandung kemih setelah menjalani radikal sistektomi.

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Background

Radical cystectomy (RC) is the gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. A predictive factor is needed for the aggressive approach as it could lead to overtreatment. Elevated blood cell count (BCC) markers are reported to have a significant association with poor outcomes in several types of malignancy. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are a well-known inexpensive and effective representative marker of inflammatory condition. This study aims to determine the BCC as a predictor factor of overall survival (OS) in bladder carcinoma (BC) after RC patients

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was designed to investigate 26 patients undergone RC. The demographic characteristics and BCC such as hemoglobin (Hb). NLR, PLR and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) were collected. The patients were categorized based on the CBC markers value (≥Median and