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"Mission civilisatrice menjadi motivasi imperialisme Republik III Prancis, tujuan motivasi ini adalah untuk menuntun bangsa terjajah agar mengadopsi budaya Prancis. Salah satu bidang penerapan mission civilisatrice pada bidang pendidikan dengan dasar hukum loi 1881 & 1882, kedua loi ini menjadi dasar pendidikan Prancis yang gratis, wajib, dan sekuler. Vietnam sebagai wilayah jajahan Prancis menjadi tempat penerapan mission civilisatrice ini. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahui bagaimana Prancis menerapkan mission civilisatrice pada pendidikan di Vietnam. Penelitian ini kemudian berfokus menemukan apakah pendidikan yang diterapkan di Vietnam sudah gratis, wajib, dan sekuler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan apakah mission civilisatrice benar-benar digunakan Prancis untuk memberadabkan orang-orang Vietnam. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen loi 1881 & 1882 serta peraturan pendidikan umum Indochina 1917. Untuk mencari hubungan kedua dokumen tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah (Kuntowijoyo, 2013) dengan metodologi naratif (Kuntowijoyo, 2008). Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah Prancis tidak menerapkan mission civilisatrice secara penuh pada pendidikan di Vietnam berdasarkan loi 1881 & 1882.

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Mission civilisatrice became the motivation of the French Third Republic imperialism, the purpose of this motivation was to guide the colonised nation to adopt French culture. One of the areas of application of mission civilisatrice was the field of education with the legal basis of loi 1881 & 1882, these two loi became the basis of free, compulsory and secular French education. Vietnam as a French colony became the place where this mission civilisatrice was implemented. Therefore, it is necessary to know how France applied mission civilisatrice to the education in Vietnam. This research focuses on finding out if the education implemented in Vietnam is free, compulsory and secular. The purpose of this research is to prove if mission civilisatrice was really used by France to civilise the Vietnamese people. The data sources used in this research are the loi 1881 & 1882 documents as well as the 1917 Indochina General Education Regulations. To find the relationship between the two documents, this research uses historical research method (Kuntowijoyo, 2013) with narrative methodology (Kuntowijoyo, 2008). The findings of this research are that France did not fully apply mission civilisatrice to the education in Vietnam based on loi 1881 & 1882."

"Martinique and Guadeloupe voted to become overseas departments of France, or DOMs, in 1946, eschewing the trend toward national independence movements during the post-World War II years. For Antilleans, this was the natural culmination of a centuries-long quest for equality with France and a means of overcoming the entrenched political and economic power of the white minority on the islands, the békés. Disappointment with departmentalization set in quickly, however, as the promised equality was slow in coming and Antillean contributions to the war went unrecognized. Champions of departmentalization such as Aime Cesaire argued that the race-blind Republic was far from universal and egalitarian. The French government struggled to stem unrest in a growing population in the Antilles through economic development, tourism, and immigration to the metropole where labor was in short supply. Antilleans fought against racial and gender stereotypes imposed on them by European French and sought to both stem the tide of white metropolitan workers arriving in the Antilles and make better lives for their families in France. Although departmentalization has been criticized as a weak alternative to national independence, the vote was overwhelmingly popular among Antilleans at the time, and such disappointment reflects more on the broken promises of assimilation rather than the misguided nature of the vote itself."

"This book explores the Eurasian borderlands as contested 'shatter zones' which have generated some of the world's most significant conflicts. Analyzing the struggles of Habsburg, Russian, Ottoman, Iranian and Qing empires, Alfred J. Rieber surveys the period from the rise of the great multicultural, conquest empires in the late medieval/early modern period to their collapse in the early twentieth century. He charts how these empires expanded along moving, military frontiers, competing with one another in war, diplomacy and cultural practices, while the subjugated peoples of the borderlands strove to maintain their cultures and to defend their autonomy. The gradual and fragmentary adaptation of Western constitutional ideas, military reforms, cultural practices and economic penetration began to undermine these ruling ideologies and institutions, leading to the collapse of all five empires in revolution and war within little more than a decade between 1911 and 1923."

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh Debat Kandidat Kedua Pemilihan Umum Maroko 2016 yang diselenggarakan pada 22 September 2016 di Al-Akhawayn University, Ifrane. Debat Kandidat tersebut terindikasi mengandung banyak unsur kesantunan pragmatik. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada analisis strategi kesantunan dan analisis unsur-unsur kesantunan yang terdapat pada tuturan peserta debat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penulis menggunakan teori pragmatik Leech terj. 2015, Yule terj.2014, Kridalaksana 2008, Kushartanti 2005, dan teori strategi kesantunan Brown dan Levinson 1987, yang menyebut bahwa terdapat lima strategi kesantunan yaitu Strategi Langsung Tanpa Basa-Basi Bald-On Record, Strategi Kesantunan Positif Positive Politeness, Strategi Kesantunan Negatif Negative Politeness, Strategi Kesantunan Tidak Langsung Off-Record, dan Strategi Diam Don't Do the FTA Strategy. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah video dokumentasi Debat Kandidat Kedua Pemilihan Umum Maroko 2016 yang dapat diakses di situs berbagi video YouTube www.youtube.com/medi1tv. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 31 proposisi yang terindikasi menggunakan strategi kesantunan Brown dan Levinson. Terdapat 4 strategi kesantunan yang ditemukan dalam penelitian, yaitu Strategi Langsung Tanpa Basa-Basi Bald-On Record, Strategi Kesantunan Positif Positive Politeness, Strategi Kesantunan Negatif Negative Politeness, dan Strategi Kesantunan Tidak Langsung Off-Record. Strategi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Strategi Kesantunan Positif berjumlah 17 proposisi, sementara substrategi kesantunan positif yang paling sering digunakan adalah substrategi kedua membesar-besarkan perhatian, persetujuan, dan simpati kepada lawan tutur yang berjumlah 7 proposisi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa para peserta debat berupaya mengurangi dan meminimalkan jarak dengan lawan tutur pemirsa debat untuk meraih sebanyak mungkin suara dukungan dari rakyat Maroko pada hari pemilihan.

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The research was motivated by the Second Candidate Debate of Morocco 2016 Election held on 22 September 2016 at Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane. The Candidate Debate is indicated to contain many elements of pragmatic politeness. This research focuses on the analysis of politeness strategy and analysis of the elements of politeness in the debate participants speech. This research uses qualitative method with descriptive approach. The author uses the pragmatic theory of some experts and theory of politeness strategy proposed by Brown and Levinson 1987, which mentions that there are five strategies of politeness namely Bald On Record Strategy, Positive Politeness Strategy, Negative Politeness Strategy, Off Record Strategy, and Silent Strategy Do not Do the FTA Strategy. The data corpus used in this study is a documentary video of the Second Candidate Debate of Morocco 2016 Election which can be accessed on the official channel of Medi1 TV on the YouTube video sharing website www.youtube.com medi1tv.

The results of this study indicate that there are 31 propositions indicated using Brown s and Levinson s politeness strategies. There are 4 strategies of politeness that the author finds in the research corpus, the Bald On Record Strategy, Positive Politeness Strategy, Negative Politeness Strategy, and the Off Record Strategy. The most widely used strategy of debate participants is Positive Sensitivity Strategy amounting to 17 propositions, while the most commonly used positive politeness substrategy is the second substrategy exaggerating attention, approval, and sympathy to the opposite of 7 propositions. This suggests that the debate participants seek to reduce and minimize the distance with the opposite speakers viewers of the debate to achieve as many votes as possible support from the Moroccan people on election day."

"Investigates the entangled transformations of Russia's Muslim communities from the late eighteenth century through to the First World War."Imperial Russia's Muslims offers an exploration of social and cultural change among the Muslim communities of Central Eurasia from the late eighteenth century through to the outbreak of the First World War. Drawing from a wealth of Russian and Turkic sources, Mustafa Tuna surveys the roles of Islam, social networks, state interventions, infrastructural changes and the globalization of European modernity in transforming imperial Russia's oldest Muslim community: the Volga-Ural Muslims. Shifting between local, imperial and transregional frameworks, Tuna reveals how the Russian state sought to manage Muslim communities, the ways in which both the state and Muslim society were transformed by European modernity, and the extent to which the long nineteenth century either fused Russia's Muslims and the tsarist state or drew them apart. The book raises questions about imperial governance, diversity, minorities, and Islamic reform, and in doing so proposes a new theoretical model for the study of imperial situations"--"

"From Empire to Humanity: The American Revolution and the Origins of Humanitarianism tells the story of a generation of American and British activists who transformed humanitarianism as they adjusted to being foreigners in the wake of the American Revolution. In the decades before the Revolution, Americans and Britons shared an imperial approach to charitable activity. Growing up in the increasingly integrated British Atlantic world, future activists from the British Isles, North America, and the Caribbean developed expansive outlooks and connections. For budding doctors, this was especially true. American independence put an end their common imperial humanitarianism but not their transatlantic ties, their far-reaching visions, or their belief that philanthropy was a tool of statecraft and reconciliation. In the postwar years, with doctor-activists at the forefront, they collaborated in medical philanthropy, antislavery, prison reform, poor relief, educational charities, and more. The nature of their cooperation, however, had changed. No longer members of the same polity, the erstwhile compatriots adopted a universal approach to their beneficence as they reimagined bonds with people who were now legal strangers. The basis of renewed cooperation, universal benevolence could also be a source of tension. With the new wars at the end of the century, activists optimistic cosmopolitanism waned while their practices endured."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang implementasi visi dan misi Kementerian Keuangan ke dalam moto perpustakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penerapan visi dan misi Kementerian Keuangan pada moto Perpustakaan Kementerian Keuangan dengan dengan melihat implementasinya pada koleksi perpustakaan, layanan yang diberikan, dan kegiatan yang diselenggarakan Perpustakaan Kementerian Keuangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh kecenderungan perpustakaan dalam mengimplementasikan misi ke lima kementerian yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan diri pegawai. Hal ini merupakan suatu strategi awal perpustakaan untuk meningkatkan eksistensinya sebelum menuju pada keempat misi lainnya secara menyeluruh agar perpustakaan dapat bertahan di lingkungan Kementerian Keuangan.

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This thesis discusses the implementation of the vision and mission of the Ministry of Finance into moto library. This research aims to identify the implementation of the vision and mission of the Ministry of Finance into the motto of Library of the Ministry of Finance by seeing its implementation in library collections, services which provided, and activities of the Library of Finance Ministry which has already held. The research approach is a qualitative with case study method.

The result of this study is obtained tendency of libraries in implementing the fifth mission of ministries that related to personal development of employees. This is a preliminary strategy to increase its existence of library before strive to the four other missions as a whole so that the library can survive in the Ministry of Finance."

"Indonesia merupakan negara Kepulauan yang diakui oleh internasional menentukan batas wilayah menurut hukum Internasional UNCLOS 1982. Saat ini masih memiliki batas wilayah yang belum ditentukan dengan negara tetangga salah satunya batas wilayah ZEE dengan Negara Vietnam di Laut Natuna Utara. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan insiden dalam penegakan hukum di ZEEI. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif eksplanatory dengan analisis data menggunakan Soft System Methodology (SSM). Penegakan hukum oleh Negara Indonesia di Laut Natuna Utara yang berbatasan dengan Vietnam terkendala dengan belum adanya Provisional Arrangement tentang penegakan hukum antara Indonesia dengan Vietnam hal ini diatur di dalam Pasal 74 UNCLOS 1982, untuk mengatasi insiden dalam penegakan hukum di perbatasan ZEE yang belum disepakati maka ditegaskan terkait tentang wilayah tumpang tindih antara negara Indonesia dan Vietnam agar berpedoman pada Surat Menteri Koordinator Politik, Hukum dan Keamanan Nomor B-142/LN00.00/7/2019 tanggal 23 Juli 2019 tentang Pedoman Penegakan Hukum di Wilayah Tumpang Tindih."