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"Implementasi Pasal 53 (1) UU No.8/2016 yang mewajibkan perusahaan formal, termasuk perbankan, untuk menyerap pekerja difabel paling sedikit 2% untuk BUMN dan 1% pada perusahaan swasta masih menuai hambatan di berbagai tingkatan. Meskipun begitu, kegagalan ini masih dapat ditoleransi karena tidak sepenuhnya menghambat tujuan dasar kebijakan merujuk pada dimensi program dari Policy Failure (Kegagalan Kebijakan) milik Allan McConnell. Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus sektor perbankan di Jakarta tahun 2023 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur dari data 2 (dua) bank BUMN, wawancara mendalam dengan 2 (dua) bank swasta, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan, dan pekerja difabel di sektor Perbankan. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan tiga variabel dimensi program Poilcy Failure menunjukkan kegagalan dalam mencapai target disebabkan oleh tiga hal: 1) beberapa perusahaan perbankan di Jakarta kurang memahami visi, misi, dan tujuan UU No.8/2016; 2) pemerintah belum mendorong secara eksplisit dan tegas perusahaan perbankan untuk menyerap pekerja difabel minimal 2% untuk BUMN dan 1% untuk perusahaan swasta; 3) kelompok difabel sebagai kelompok target undang-undang ini belum mendapat manfaat yang optimal.

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The implementation of Article 53 (1) of Law No.8/2016, which requires formal companies, including banks, to absorb workers with disabilities at least 2% for BUMN and 1% in private companies, still faces obstacles at various levels. Even so, this failure is still tolerable because it does not completely hamper the basic objectives of the policy referring to the program dimension of Allan McConnell's Policy Failure. This research takes a case study of the banking sector in Jakarta in 2023 using a qualitative approach through literature studies data from 2 (two) state-owned banks, in-depth interviews with 2 (two) private banks, the Ministry of Manpower, and workers with disabilities in the banking sector. The results of the study using the three dimensional variables of the Policy Failure program show that the failure of Article 53 (1) of Law No.8/2016 to reach the target is caused by three things: 1) some banking companies in Jakarta do not understand the vision, mission, and objectives of Law No.8/2016; 2) the government has not explicitly and firmly encouraged banking companies to absorb disabled workers at a minimum of 2% for BUMN and 1% for private companies; 3) the disabled group as the target group of this law has not received optimal benefits."

"The focus of this study is application of mopving thing on Fiducia according to the law of Fiducia No. 42/1999 Jo. KUH Perdata Article 1977 Point 1. That is what application of moving thing on Fiducia Law is agree or againts with meaning of that hope of KUH Perdata Article 19767 Point 1 and what is KUH Perdata Article 1977 Point 1 has relevan for the relationship of business. The research is yuridis normative. The data were collected by means of deep study. The researcher suggests that The law of Fiducia application is important to review. That have more research for the law og Fiducia application & have more research for clasification of the thing that have been Fiducia object."

"Tesis ini membahas analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Keimigrasian Terhadap lmigran Gelap terkait Pasal 48 dan Undang Undang No, 9 Tahun 1992 tentang Keimigrasian. Karena implementasi kebijakan penyidikan tindak pidana keimigrasian terhadap imigran gelap ini bersinggungan dengan aspek intemasional, maka pemahaman imigran gelap dibahas dari sisi teoritis dan aspek-aspek hukum dan dikaitkan dengan yurisdiksi negara. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Pengumpulan data daiam penelitlan ini menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam untuk mendapatkan sumber data primer yang dilakukan terhadap informan yang terdirl dari para pejabat dan penyidik di tingkungan Sub Direktorat Penyidikan Keimigrasian. Selain metode wawancara meqdalam juga dilakukan pegumpulan data melalui kuesioner, dan laporan- laporan kegiatan di lingkUngau Direk~orat Penyidikan dan Penindakan Keimigrasin Untuk mendapatkan data sekunder. Dari analisis data hasil wawancara, dapat disimpulkan beberapa ha) bahwa: 1) Rendah/lemahnya implementasi kebljakan penyidikan tindak pidana keimigrasin terhadap imigran gelap terkait pasal 48 dan 53 UU No. 9 Tahun 1992 tentang Keimigrasian disebabkan adanya pelemahan 4 faktor implementasi kebijakan yaitu; Komunikasl, surnber daya. disposisl, dan struktur birokrasi; 2) Lemahnya faktor komunikasi discbahkan oleh karena tidak pernah adanya sosialisasi mengenai pemabaman imigran gelap dalam konteks TPK baik kepada masyatakat dan juga aparat imigrasi sendiri dan tidak pemah ada penyampaian arahan atau inslruksi yang bersifat terbuka/langsung, terpola, dan jelas; (tidak ambigu) mengenai persoalan penyidikan TPK terhadap imigran gelap dari Dirjen kepada pcjabal atau penyidik di tingkungan Subdit Penyidikan; 3) Lemahnya faktor sumber daya disebabkan karena pendistribusian dan pencmpatan staf yang tidak merata dan salah, serta sangat tcrbatasnya kewenangan yang dimiliki pejabat atau penyidik dalam meiaksanakan kebijakan penyidikan TPK terhadap imigran karena adanya benturan internal {kebijakan Negara; Menteri/Presiden, dan imigrasi sendiri) dan internasional ( etik:a dan kebiasaan tradisi intemasional, dan tembaga-lcmbaga internasional); 4) Lemahnya faktor disposisidisebabkan karena tidak adanya inscntif bag! pejabat atau penyidik yang berdedikasi, dan; 5) Kecenderungan lemahnya faktor struktur birokrasi dalam hal belum adanya prosedur kerja JSOPs yang bersifat khusus (bersifat umum) mengenai Imigran gelap dalam konteks TPK dan pembagian kerja yang ada di Subdit Penyidikan masih bersifat kurang efektlf.

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The focus of this study is Analysis on Immigration's Crime Act Investigation policy toward Illegal Migrant Concerned The Article of 48 and 53 of Act No. 9/1992 on Immigration. While the implementation of immigration's crime act investigation policy toward illegal migrant bas relation with international aspect, so does the understanding of illegal migrants will be discussed of a theoretical side and law's norm aspects and also to be related with state jurisdiction. This research is using qualitative method with descriptive design. The data collection on this research is collected by means of deep interview to obtain primary data from informants, they are officials and investigators in Sub Directorate Investigation environment. Apart from deep interview method, the data collection' also to be collected by means of questionnaire, and activity reports in Sub Directorate Investigation, to obtain secondary data. From the interview's data analysis, the conclusions are following; 1) The low implementation of immigration's crime act investigation policy is caused by 4 factors of implementing policy they are; communication, resources, disposition, bureaucracy structure; 2) The low communication factor is caused by there's no any socialization about illegal migrant understanding in the context of immigration's crime act, either publics or self-immigration aparaturs and there's no conveying directives or instructions or orders having a direct way or indirect way, a fixed patter and a clear meaning (no ambiguity or ambivalence) concerning the problem of immigration's crime act investigation policy toward iHega1 migrant by Director General lmmigration to officials or investigators in Sub Directorate Investigation; 3) The low resource factor is caused by the distribution .and the placement of staffs not to throughout every place and wrong places, and also the limited authority of officials or investigator in doing immigration's crime act investigation policy toward illegal migrant caused by internal clash (state's policy; Minister or President) and international (ethic and custom of international traditions, and international institutions) 4) The low disposition aspect is caused by no any incentive for officials or investigators having high dedication, and; 5) There's an inclination of bureaucracy structure factor become less effective. It's caused by no special SOPs concerning illegal migrant in immigration's crime act context and also fragmentation being in Sub Directorate Investigation is still less effective."