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"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai faktor-faktor risiko dan menyusun strategi mitigasi rantai pasokan material distribusi utama di PLN. Identifikasi faktor risiko didasarkan pada tinjauan literatur yang komprehensif di berbagai sektor industri, yang selanjutnya divalidasi oleh ahli. 27 faktor risiko telah diidentifikasi dengan empat sub-kategori risiko yaitu risiko pasokan, risiko operasi, risiko permintaan, risiko man-made dan risiko alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi Decision Matrix Risk Assessment (DMRA) yang melibatkan evaluasi risiko berdasarkan kemungkinan dan dampaknya dikombinasikan dengan Average Risk Scale untuk mengakomodir jumalah responden sebanyak 66. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 15 faktor risiko yang berada pada zona risiko tinggi antara lain keterbatasan bahan baku, keterbatasan kapasitas pemasok, dan ketergantungan pemasok yang dapat dimitigasi dengan diversifikasi pemasok, serta risiko keterlambatan pengiriman dengan mitigasi pengalokasian unit penerima dipasok oleh pabrikan terdekat. Terdapat total 33 mitigasi risiko yang telah divalidasi para ahli.  

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The aim of this research is to identify, assess risk factors and develop mitigation strategies for the primary distribution material supply chain at PLN. Identification of risk factors is based on a comprehensive literature review in various industrial sectors, which is further validated by experts. 27 risk factors have been identified with four sub-categories of risk, namely supply risk, operational risk, demand risk, man-made risk and natural risk. This research uses the Decision Matrix Risk Assessment (DMRA) methodology, which involves risk evaluation based on probability and impact combined with an Average Risk Scale (ARS) to accommodate a number of respondents of 66. The results of the analysis show that there are 15 risk factors that are in the high risk zone, including limited raw materials, limited supplier capacity, and supplier dependency which can be mitigated by diversifying suppliers, as well as the risk of delivery delays by mitigating the allocation of receiving units supplied by nearby manufacturers. There are a total of 33 risk mitigations that have been validated by experts."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi aktivitas dan efisiensi biaya distribusi dalam manajemen rantai pasok sehingga dapat memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan bagi perusahaan. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian ini merupakan evaluasi kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisa isi deskriptif sebagai teknik evaluasi data dengan menggunakan data primer berdasarkan hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data-data relevan perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang dilakukan dengan GM of Department Trading & Business Development, diperoleh fenomena yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini yaitu terdapat kondisi under supply serta biaya demurrage dan klaim kualitas. Karakteristik orisinalisasi penelitian ini adalah pembahasan yang komprehensif dalam distribusi rantai pasok dalam kaitannya dengan kuantitas supply, product quality serta aktivitas bongkar muat yang belum ada dalam penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi distribusi rantai pasok tidak optimal selama tahun 2019-2021 sehingga menyebabkan kondisi under supply dan loss supply serta tingginya biaya demurrage dalam bongkar muat yang disebabkan oleh kualitas komunikasi yang berjalan tidak efektif. Hasil ini mengimplikasikan bahwa komunikasi dan pemantauan yang optimal dalam distribusi rantai pasok sangat berperan penting terhadap kualitas distribusi dan efisiensi biaya yang ditimbulkan.

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The purpose of this research is to evaluate the activities and efficiency of distribution costs in supply chain management in order to provide recommendations for improvement to the company. Overall, this research is a qualitative evaluation using descriptive content analysis as a data evaluation technique using primary data based on the results of interviews, observations and documentation and secondary data obtained from relevant company data. Based on the results of interviews conducted with the GM of Trading & Business Development Department, the phenomenon behind this research is that there are undersupply conditions as well as demurrage costs and quality requirements. The original feature of this research is a comprehensive discussion of supply chain distribution in terms of supply quantity, product quality and loading and unloading activities, which has not been included in previous studies. The results show that the supply chain distribution conditions were not optimal during 2019-2021, causing undersupply and loss of supply conditions, and high demurrage in loading and unloading costs due to ineffective communication quality. This result suggests that optimal communication and monitoring in supply chain distribution plays an important role in distribution quality and efficiency of incurred costs."

"Metode House of Risk (HOR) adalah integrasi antara dua metode yaitu metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan House of Quality (HOQ) yang berfokus pada penentuan sumber risiko serta strategi aksi mitigasi terhadap sumber risiko yang telah ditetapkan melalui proses eliminasi. Metode House of Risk (HOR) banyak digunakan untuk melakukan penanganan terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi di berbagai industri tak terkecuali industri sektor perikanan. Berbeda dengan industri manufaktur, Hasil dari industri perikanan memiliki sifat-sifat mutu yang heterogen, mudah rusak, jumlah dan volume yang tidak dapat dipastikan hasilnya. Udang merupakan komoditas hewan ternak penghasil sumber protein yang bermanfaat bagi seluruh masyarakat indonesia. Pemerintah terus mendukung pengembangan ternak udang karena siklus udang yang lebih cepat, sehingga dapat memutar perekonomian rakyat lebih cepat. Pertumbuhan industri budidaya perikanan udang tentunya berbanding lurus dengan munculnya risiko pada proses rantai pasoknya. Setelah melakukan pengolahan data dengan House of Risk (HOR) fase 1 maka diperoleh 13 kejadian risiko dan 13 penyebab risiko. Berdasarkan perhitungan Pareto, terdapat 7 agen risiko yang mencakup 80% dari total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) dan dipilih sebagai prioritas mitigasi. Pada pengolahan data House of Risk fase 2 didapatkan 6 strategi aksi mitigasi risiko yang diperingkatkan berdasarkan nilai Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk).

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The House of Risk (HOR) method is an integration between two methods, namely the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and House of Quality (HOQ) methods which focus on determining risk sources and mitigation action strategies for risk sources that have been determined through an elimination process. The House of Risk (HOR) method is widely used to handle problems that occur in various industries, including the fisheries sector. Unlike the manufacturing industry, the results of the fisheries industry have heterogeneous quality characteristics, are easily damaged, the number and volume of which cannot be ascertained. Shrimp is a livestock commodity that produces a source of protein that is beneficial for all Indonesian people. The government continues to support the development of shrimp livestock because the shrimp cycle is faster, so it can turn the people's economy faster. The growth of the shrimp aquaculture industry is of course directly proportional to the emergence of risks in the supply chain process. After processing the data with the House of Risk (HOR) phase 1, 13 risk events and 13 risk causes were obtained. Based on Pareto calculations, there are 7 risk agents that cover 80% of the total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and are selected as mitigation priorities. In the House of Risk phase 2 data processing, 6 risk mitigation action strategies were obtained and ranked based on the Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk) value."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan meningkatkan efisiensi rantai pasok di Gudang PCB PT XYZ, sebuah perusahaan manufaktur elektronik. Dengan menggunakan model Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), penelitian ini mengukur dan menganalisis kinerja gudang berdasarkan 26 indikator kinerja yang telah divalidasi oleh para ahli perusahaan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai performa gudang pada tahun 2023 adalah 59,01%, yang termasuk dalam kategori average (50-70%) menurut Traffic Light System. Proses dispatch dan periode waktu bulan Juli tercatat sebagai performa terendah. Berdasarkan Importance Performance Analysis, terdapat lima indikator yang masih memerlukan perbaikan, termasuk Accuracy of product delivery according to item, Unfinished Outgoing Process Rate, dan Accuracy of product delivery according to quantity. Usulan perbaikan meliputi integrasi Sistem Active Tracking dan Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) berbasis RFID untuk mengatasi permasalahan terkait akurasi pengiriman, pemeliharaan peralatan, dan efisiensi operasional. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis dalam meningkatkan kinerja operasional dan daya saing PT XYZ di industri elektronik.

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This research was conducted to evaluate and improve supply chain efficiency in the PCB warehouse of PT XYZ, an electronics manufacturing company. Using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), this research measures and analyzes warehouse performance based on 26 performance indicators that have been validated by company experts. The evaluation results show that the warehouse performance value in 2023 is 59.01%, which falls into the average category (50-70%) according to the Traffic Light System. The dispatch process and the July time period recorded the lowest performance. Based on Importance Performance Analysis, there are five indicators that still require improvement, including Accuracy of product delivery according to item, Unfinished Outgoing Process Rate, and Accuracy of product delivery according to quantity. Proposed improvements include the integration of Active Tracking System and RFID-based Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to address issues related to delivery accuracy, equipment maintenance, and operational efficiency. This research provides a practical contribution in improving the operational performance and competitiveness of PT XYZ in the electronics industry."

"House of Risk (HOR) merupakan metode yang mengintegrasikan antara dua model penelitian yaitu metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan House of Quality (HOQ) yang berfokus pada penentuan tindakan pencegahan terhadap sumber risiko yang telah tereliminasi. Pada penelitian ini, House of Risk digunakan sebagai alat untuk menangani risiko terkait proses supply chain PT Odyssey Shipping Lines. Penelitian ini diawali dengan mengidentifikasi aktivitas rantai pasok menggunakan Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) lalu menentukan kejadian risiko apa saja yang terjadi pada proses rantai pasok PT Odyssey Shipping Lines beserta memberikan langkah mitigasi yang tepat untuk risiko-risiko signifikan yang dialami PT Odyssey Shipping Lines. Proses identifikasi dan analisis tersebut dilakukan bersama dengan para ahli yang berpengalaman di bidangnya. Setelah melakukan pengolahan data dengan House of Risk (HOR) tahap 1 maka diperoleh 20 kejadian risiko dan 35 penyebab risiko. Berdasarkan perhitungan Pareto, terdapat 16 agen risiko yang mencakup 80% dari total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) dan dipilih sebagai prioritas mitigasi. Penyebab risiko dengan nilai Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) terbesar adalah kesalahan dalam kalkulasi forecasting yang telah ditetapkan dengan nilai sebesar 720. Lalu pada House of Risk (HOR) tahap 2 diperoleh nilai efektivitas tertinggi yaitu sebesar 5737 yaitu Pengawasan yang lebih dari supervisor untuk memastikan keberlangsungan pekerjaan.

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House of Risk (HOR) is an integration between two research models, namely the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and the House of Quality (HOQ) which focus on determining preventive measures for eliminated risk sources. In this study, the House of Risk is used as a tool to deal with risks related to the supply chain activity in PT Odyssey Shipping Lines. This research begins by identifying the activities of supply chain using Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR), determining the risk events and creating the mitigation strategy to the most significant risks. The process of identification and analysis is carried out together with experts who are experienced in their fields. After processing the data with the House of Risk (HOR) stage 1, 20 risk events and 35 risk causes were obtained. Based on Pareto calculations, there are 16 risk agents covering 80% of the total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and are selected as mitigation priorities. The cause of the risk with the largest Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) value is the miscalculation when forecasting that has been set with a value of 720. Then in the House of Risk (HOR) stage 2, the highest effectiveness value was obtained which was 5737, namely to give more supervising process."

"Toyota Motor Corporation adalah salah satu produsen otomotif terkemuka dari Jepang. Laporan ini adalah analisis manajemen rantai pasok Toyota yang menyeluruh untuk mengungkap Sistem Produksi Toyota, mempelajari filosofi dan strategi Toyota terkait aliansi strategis, pengadaan dan pengalihdayaan, tantangan dan risiko internasional serta pendekatan terhadap keberlanjutan dan teknologi. Tujuan dari laporan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kesenjangan antara tujuan perusahaan dengan pelaksanaan agar dapat merumuskan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan performa rantai pasok Toyota secara keseluruhan.

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Toyota Motor Corporation is one of the leading automotive manufacturers from Japan. This report is a thorough supply chain management analysis of Toyota to uncover the Toyota Production System (TPS), learning philosophies and its strategy regarding strategic alliances, procurement and outsourcing, international challenges and risks, approach to sustainability and technology. The aim of this report is to identify potential gaps in the company’s objectives and its current execution to ultimately formulate key recommendations to improve Toyota’s overall supply chain."

"Penelitian ini berfokus pada penentuan tingkat persediaan dalam rantai pasok hilir produk BBM RON 90 di PT. Pertamina (Persero) wilayah kerja Sumatera Bagian Selatan. PT Pertamina (Persero) merupakan perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang menyediakan bahan bakar bagi mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia. Permasalahan variabilitas pasokan dan permintaan menjadi permasalahan dalam menjaga stabilitas layanan terhadap masyarakat. Biaya persediaan yang tinggi serta sepenuhnya menjadi beban perusahaan juga menjadi suatu permasalahan yang perlu dikendalikan. Oleh karena itu penentuan tingkatan persediaan menjadi sangat penting untuk memitigasi adanya varibilitas pasokan dan permintaan yang terjadi dengan biaya persediaan yang optimum. Penelitian ini merancang model probabilistik dengan mempertimbangkan variabilitas pada pasokan dan permintaan untuk penentuan safety stock sehingga dapat diketahui tingkat persediaan BBM RON 90 yang tepat di masing-masing titik penyimpanan BBM atau biasa disebut dengan Terminal BBM (TBBM). Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif berdasarkan data-data empiris perusahaan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memperoleh pengendalian persediaan yang dapat menjadi pertimbangan manajemen dalam mengelola rantai pasok hilir BBM RON 90.

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This research focuses on determining the level of inventory in a downstream supply chain for RON 90 Gasoline products at PT. Pertamina (Persero) area of Southern Sumatra. PT Pertamina (Persero) is a State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) company that provides fuel for most of Indonesian people. The variability in supply and demand is a problem in maintaining the stability of services to the consumers. High inventory costs that are completely borne by the company are also a problem that needs to be controlled. Therefore, determining inventory levels is very important to mitigate the variability of supply and demand that occurs with optimum inventory costs. This research designs a probabilistic model by considering variability in supply and demand to determine safety stock so that the correct level of RON 90 Gasoline Fuel inventory at each Storage Point Fuel Terminal can be determined. This research method is quantitative research based on company empirical data. It is hoped that the research results will be able to obtain inventory control which can be taken into consideration by management in managing the downstream supply chain of RON 90 Gasoline Fuel."

"Industri perkapalan merupakan salah satu industri yang mempunyai peran utama dalam menunjang program tol laut pemerintah serta dalam menghadapi dampak globalisasi dunia dengan adanya perdagangan bebas Asia Tenggara 2016 dan berlakunya perdagangan bebas dunia pada tahun 2020. Namun peran ini tidak dimiliki oleh industri perkapalan Indonesia saat ini, dibandingkan dengan pangsa pasar dunia produktivitas industri kapal di Indonesia masih rendah. Permasalahan utama produksi kapal baru pada umumnya dikarenakan terhambatnya biaya produksi yang mahal serta waktu pengerjaan yang cukup lama. Sebagian besar komponen bahan pembuat kapal masih impor serta berasal dari industri lain yang pada umumnya berlokasi cukup jauh sehingga membutuhkan waktu dan biaya yang tidak sedikit dalam system pasokannya. Galangan kapal pada dasarnya hanya berperan sebagai tempat perakitan saja, sedangkan sebagian besar komponen dibuat oleh industri lain. Ketersediaan material sangat berpengaruh terhadap kelancaran proses produksi kapal, oleh sebab itu efisiensi rantai pasokan material memegang peran yang sangat penting bagi industi perkapalan, yang dapat meminimalisir biaya, waktu produksi, dan produktivitas galangan kapal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis seberapa besar peranan rantai pasok material khususnya pada pengadaan industri pendukung sebagai pelaku proses fabrikasi dan industri pemasok sebagai penyedia komponen inmpor maupun lokal pada konsep multiyard ship production terhadap proses pembangunan kapal pada industri galangan konsorsium yang diintegrasikan pada kawasan industri maritim.

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The shipping industry is one industry that has a major role in supporting the government 39 s program and the marine highway in the face of globalization impact the world with the free trade of Southeast Asia in 2016 and the enactment of a free trade world in 2020. However, this role is not owned by the Indonesian shipping industry today, compared with a world market share of industrial productivity ships in Indonesia is still low.

The main problem of the production of new vessels in general due to the inhibition of the production costs are expensive as well as time spent on long enough. Most of the components are still imported materials as well as shipbuilders come from other industries which are generally located far enough away so it takes time and cost a bit in the supply system. The shipyard is basically only serves as a place of assembly only, whereas most of the components made by other industries. Availability of materials greatly affect the smooth production process vessels, and therefore the efficiency of the supply chain of materials holds a very important role for industry, shipping, to minimize costs, production time, and productivity shipyards.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how much the role of the supply chain of materials, especially in the procurement materials industries as agents of the process of fabrication and industrial suppliers as suppliers of components impor and locally on the concept multiyard ship production to the process of the construction of ships in the shipbuilding industry consortium that is integrated into the region 39 s maritime industry."

"Metode House of Risk (HOR) adalah integrasi antara dua metode yaitu metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan House of Quality (HOQ) yang berfokus pada penentuan sumber risiko serta strategi aksi mitigasi terhadap sumber risiko yang telah ditetapkan melalui proses eliminasi. Metode House of Risk (HOR) banyak digunakan untuk melakukan penanganan terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi di berbagai industri tak terkecuali industri sektor peternakan. Berbeda dengan industri manufaktur, Hasil dari industri peternakan memiliki sifat-sifat mutu yang heterogen, mudah rusak, jumlah dan volume yang tidak dapat dipastikan hasilnya. Domba merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak yang ada di Indonesia. Pemerintah terus mendukung pengembangan peternakan domba karena siklus domba yang lebih cepat, sehingga dapat memutar perekonomian rakyat lebih cepat. Pertumbuhan industri peternakan domba tentunya berbanding lurus dengan munculnya risiko pada proses rantai pasoknya. Setelah melakukan pengolahan data dengan House of Risk (HOR) fase 1 maka diperoleh 23 kejadian risiko dan 23 penyebab risiko. Berdasarkan perhitungan Pareto, terdapat 9 agen risiko yang mencakup 80% dari total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) dan dipilih sebagai prioritas mitigasi. Pada pengolahan data House of Risk fase 2 didapatkan 6 strategi aksi mitigasi risiko yang diperingkatkan berdasarkan nilai Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk).

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aThe House of Risk (HOR) method is an integration between two methods, namely the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and House of Quality (HOQ) methods which focus on determining risk sources and mitigation action strategies for risk sources that have been determined through an elimination process. The House of Risk (HOR) method is widely used to handle problems that occur in various industries, including the livestock sector industry. In contrast to the manufacturing industry, products from the livestock industry have heterogeneous quality characteristics, are perishable, the amount and volume of which cannot be ascertained. Sheep is one of the livestock commodities in Indonesia. The government continues to support the development of sheep farming because the sheep cycle is faster, so that it can rotate the people's economy more quickly. The growth of the sheep farming industry is of course directly proportional to the emergence of risks in the supply chain process. After processing the data with the House of Risk (HOR) phase 1, 23 risk events and 23 risk causes were obtained. Based on Pareto calculations, there are 9 risk agents that cover 80% of the total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and are selected as mitigation priorities. In the House of Risk phase 2 data processing, 6 risk mitigation action strategies were obtained which were ranked based on the Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk). there are 9 risk agents that cover 80% of the total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and are selected as mitigation priorities. In the House of Risk phase 2 data processing, 6 risk mitigation action strategies were obtained which were ranked based on the Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk). there are 9 risk agents that cover 80% of the total Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and are selected as mitigation priorities. In the House of Risk phase 2 data processing, 6 risk mitigation action strategies were obtained which were ranked based on the Effectiveness to Difficulty Ratio of Action (ETDk).

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"Pemrosesan ulang kembali sebuah produk adalah hal yang biasa dilakukan didalam industri proses. Hal tersebut merupakan enabler untuk reverse supply chain di industri proses. Namun penelitian mengenai reverse supply chain di industri proses masih terbatas. Penelitian sebelumnya mengelola risiko reverse supply chain di industri proses secara terpisah yang dapat menyebabkan munculnya permasalahan baru. Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan semua risiko sehingga proses manajemen risiko dilakukan secara menyeluruh. Untuk mengembangkannya, dibutuhkan daftar risiko dari aktivitas reverse supply chain secara menyeluruh di industri proses, dibutuhkan juga kriteria untuk risiko tersebut. Data yang didapat diolah dengan menggunakan AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) - PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) berdasarkan preferensi dari ahli. Telah dikumpulkan 8 kriteria dari penelitian sebelumnya, dengan bobot berdasarkan penilaian ahli sebagai berikut: biaya atau investasi tambahan (0.064), pengelolaan volume barang atau produk (0.040), kerugian karena gangguan (0.047), kecepatan recovery bisnis jika terjadi gangguan (0.111), keunggulan daya saing (0.088), lingkungan (0.241), tanggung jawab sosial (0.097), hukum dan undang-undang (0.312). Selanjutnya, penelitian ini melakukan prioritasisasi risiko dengan pendapat ahli dengan menggunakan PROMETHEE. Penelitian menemukan urutan risiko dari yang paling tinggi ke rendah dimulai dari risiko regulasi, risiko lingkungan, risiko reputasi dan branding, risiko kualitas dan stabilitas, risiko pemindahan dan penanganan, risiko teknis, risiko informasi, risiko penjadwalan dan kapasitas, risiko kuantitas, risiko persediaan dan risiko perlawanan. Dari hasil analisis sensitivitas didapat bahwa 3 kriteria yang paling mempengaruhi hasil akhir PROMETHEE adalah kriteria biaya atau investasi tambahan, kriteria hukum dan undang-undang dan kriteria keunggulan daya saing.

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Reprocessing a product is a common practice in the process industry. This is an enabler for the reverse supply chain in the process industry. But research on the reverse supply chain in the process industry is still limited. Previous research managed the risk of reverse supply chain in the process industry separately which could lead to new problems.

This research integrates all risks so that the risk management process is carried out thoroughly. To develop it, it requires a list of risks from the overall reverse supply chain activities in the process industry, and also the criteria for these risks. The data obtained is processed using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) - PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking of Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) based on expert preferences.

8 criteria have been collected from previous studies, with weights based on expert judgment as follows: investment cost (0.064), volume management (0.040), business interruption value (0.047), business recovery time after interruption (0.111), competitive advantage (0.088), environment (0.241), social responsibility (0.097), legislation (0.312). Furthermore, this study prioritizes risk with expert opinion using PROMETHEE.

The research found the order of risk from the highest to the lowest starting from regulatory risk, environmental risk, reputation and branding risk, quality and stability risk, transfer and handling risk, technical risk, information risk, scheduling and capacity risk, quantity risk, inventory risk and risk of resistance. From the results of the sensitivity analysis, it was found that the 3 criteria that most affected the final results of PROMETHEE were the criteria for additional costs or investments, legal and legal criteria and criteria for competitive advantage."