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"Penyakit TB masih merupakan masalah kesehatan kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di Indonesia. Upaya diagnostik TB paru masih terus ditingkatkan. Pemeriksaan penunjang diagnosis TB yang sekarang digunakan masih mempunyai sensitiviti dan spesitiviti yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui tingkat akurasi uji tuberkulin dan PCR terhadap penegakkan diagnosis TB serta hubungan uji tuberkulin dan PCR dengan BTA mikroskopis dan biakan M. Tb dalam diagnosis TB paru.Metode penelitian cross-sectional, uji diagnostik dan analisa data menggunakan Chi-Square. Kriteria inklusi penderita terdapat gejala klinik riwayat batuk 3 minggu disertai atau tanpa batuk darah, nyeri dada, sesak napas dan riwayat minum obat TB dalam jangka waktu kurang dari 1 bulan serta bukan TB (kontrol). Seluruh sampel dilakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, lekosit, LEDI/II, foto toraks, uji tuberkulin, PCR, BTA mikroskopis 3X dan biakan M. Tb mctode kudoh. Baku emas yang digunakan biakan M. Tb metode kudoh. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 11.00.Berdasar 127 sampel masuk kriteria inklusi 121. Sampel berjumlah 121 terdiri dari 61 sampel tersangka TB dan 60 sampel kontrol Sensitiviti dan spesivisiti uji tuberkulin terhadap biakakn metode Kudah menggunakan cut-off point 15,8 mm 33% dan 93%. Sensitiviti PCR terhadap biakab metode Kudoh 100%, spesitiviti PCR 78%. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna dan hubungan lemah uji tuberkulin dengan biakan M. Tb dan PCR serta didapatkan perbedaan dan hubungan bermakna PCR dengan BTA mikroskopis biakan M. Tb.Kesimpulan basil keseluruhan penelitian mendapatkan basil 39 sampel biakan positif, 36 sampel BTA mikroskopis positif, 57 sampel PCR positif dan 18 sampel uji tuberkulin positif. Ditemukan sensitiviti basil uji tuberkulin lebih rendah daripada PCR, BTA mikroskopis dan biakan M. Tb mctode Kudoh. Meskipun terdapat perbedaan bermakna basil uji tuberkulin pada biakan positif clan negatif, BTA mikroskopis positif dan negatif, serta PCR positif dan negatif, akan tetapi uji tuberkulin (menggunakan cut-off point 15.8 mm) kurang dapat membantu penegakan diagnosis TB para. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa diantara keempat pemeriksaan penunjang diagnosis TB paru PCR mempunyai nilai sensitivit dan spesitiviti tinggi ( 100% dan 78%). sehingga PCR dapat digunakan sebagai pemeriksaan penunjang diagnosis TB paru apabila didapatkan klinis dan radiology mendukung TB paru. Menggunkan pemeriksaan PCR akan didapatkan metode penegakan diagnosis TB paru yang cepat ( 1 hari ) dibandingkan dengan menunggu hasil biakan M. Tb hingga 8 minggu.

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Objective. In an attempt diagnosis pulmonary tuberculosis still increased continuously. Now additional examination pulmonary tuberculosis have been lack sufficient sensitivity and sensitivities. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of tuberculin skin testing (TST) and PCR toward assessment diagnosis pulmonary of tuberculosis with correlation between tuberculin skin testing to PCR with AFB microscopic and solid media culture of M. tuberculosis for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Method. A cross-sectional study, diagnostic test and analysis with Chi-Square test. Inclusion criteria patient with pulmonary symptom include chronic cough 3 weeks with or without hemoptysis, chest pain, breathlessness and past history of ATA less than 1 month with non-tuberculosis patient (control). The general samples was examination Ro thorax, tuberculin skin testing, PCR, AFB microscopic and conventional culture. The golden standard is conventional culture test using Kudoh method. Analyze of the data with SPSS version 11.0.

Result. The study material comprised 121 samples from 127 samples. These samples include 61 samples from patient with probably active pulmonary tuberculosis and 60 control comprising healthy individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of tuberculin skin testing with cut-off point 15.8 mm greater was 33% and 93% on conventional culture test using Kudoh method. PCR sensitivity was 100% and spesitivity was 78%. It was showed the positivity correlation between pulmonary tuberculosis and conventional culture as well as PCR and AFB microscopic, the conventional culture test.

Conclusion. The sensitivity of tuberculin skin testing less than PCR, AFB microscopic and conventional culture test. So that not enough to assessment diagnosis pulmonary tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity PCR was I00% and 78%. With the use of PCR test, we were able to detect diagnosis pulmonary tuberculosis more rapidly in less than I day, compared to average 8 week required for detection by conventional culture."

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Insidens Multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-MDR) meningkat hampir 2% tiap tahun sedangkan prevalensinya di dunia 4,3%. WHO melaporkan bahwa kasus TB-MDR tahun 2008 di Indonesia terjadi 6427 kasus.Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan identifikasi TB-MDR di Rumah sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan dan Klibur Domin Timur laste dengan melakukan evaluasi selama enam bulan.Metode : Penelitian dilakukan dengan kohor retrospektif November 2014 dari rekam medis pasien TB-MDR di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta dan Penampungan Klibur Domin Timoe Leste. Pemilihan sampel di RSUP Persahabatan dengan cluster random sampling sedangkan di Klibur Domin dengan total sampling.Hasil : Total sampel 49 yaitu 32 pasien di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta dan 17 pasien di penampungan Klibur Domin Timor Leste yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Jenis kelamin laki-laki paling banyak ditemukan baik di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta (75%) maupun di Penampungan klibur Domin Timor Leste (94,1%) dengan usia produktif (35-44 tahun). Dari karakteristik dasar pengobatan ditemukan riwayat pengobatan ulang kategori II 37,5% paling banyak di RSUP Persahabatan dan di Klibur Domin 82,3% .Hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopis positif di RSUP Persahabatan 65,6% sedangkan di Klibur Domin 100%. Dari pola diagnostik di RSUP Persahabatan ditemukan pemeriksaan gabungan kultur+GenXpert yang terbanyak yaitu 50% sedangkan di Klibur Domin cenderung hanya mendapat diagnosis TB-MDR dari satu pemeriksaan yaitu kultur 64,7% dan Genxpert 18,8%. diterapi.Berdasarkan pola resistensi masing-masing di RSUP Persahabatan yaitu resisten R,H,E,S (56,2%) dan Klibur Domin resisten R,H (70,5%). Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa betapa pentingnya mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya TB-MDR, perlunya pemantauan yang terus menerus dan pengobatan yang segera dan tepat. Pada penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang menonjol dalam penegakan diagnosis, pemantauan dan pengobatan pasien TB-MDR di RSUP Persahabatan dan Timur Laste.;

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ABSTRACTIntroduction : Multi-drug resistant with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-MDR) incidence rise to 2% every year, meanwhile prevalence of TB-MDR in the world is 4.3%. WHO report estimated that at 2008 cases of TB MDR in Indonesia were 6427. Objective : The aim of this study is to determine identification of TB-MDR at Persahabatan hospital and Klibur Domin Timur Leste with six months cohort review approach. Methods : This retrospective cohort study was conducted November 2014 from the medical records of TB-MDR patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and Klibur Domin Care of Timor Leste. The sample selection at Persahabatan hospital was with cluster random sampling and Klibur Domin care was with total sampling. Results. Out of a total of 49 patients, 32 patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and 17 patients at Klibur Domin Care Timor Leste, all include inclusion criteria. Male most commonly found in Persahabatan hospital (75%) and Klibur Domin care of Timor Leste (94.1%) with the productive age (35-44 years). From basic characteristics of the history of anti tuberculosis drugs found, category II was most common at Persahabatan hospital (37.5%) and Klibur Domin care was also found to have category II most common (82,3%). Acid fast bacilli positive in Persahabatan hospital was 65.6% and Klibur Domin Timor Leste 100%. Resistance respectively at Persahabatan hospital was R,H,E,S resistant (56.2%) and Klibur Domin care was R,H resistant (70,5%). Conclusion. This study shows the importance of knowing the factors that influence occurance of TB-MDR, the need of countinues monitoring, immediate and appropiate treatment. In this study can be seen that there is no significant difference at diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of TB-MDR at Persahabatan Hospital and Klibur Domin shelter at East Timor.;Introduction : Multi-drug resistant with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-MDR) incidence rise to 2% every year, meanwhile prevalence of TB-MDR in the world is 4.3%. WHO report estimated that at 2008 cases of TB MDR in Indonesia were 6427. Objective : The aim of this study is to determine identification of TB-MDR at Persahabatan hospital and Klibur Domin Timur Leste with six months cohort review approach. Methods : This retrospective cohort study was conducted November 2014 from the medical records of TB-MDR patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and Klibur Domin Care of Timor Leste. The sample selection at Persahabatan hospital was with cluster random sampling and Klibur Domin care was with total sampling. Results. Out of a total of 49 patients, 32 patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and 17 patients at Klibur Domin Care Timor Leste, all include inclusion criteria. Male most commonly found in Persahabatan hospital (75%) and Klibur Domin care of Timor Leste (94.1%) with the productive age (35-44 years). From basic characteristics of the history of anti tuberculosis drugs found, category II was most common at Persahabatan hospital (37.5%) and Klibur Domin care was also found to have category II most common (82,3%). Acid fast bacilli positive in Persahabatan hospital was 65.6% and Klibur Domin Timor Leste 100%. Resistance respectively at Persahabatan hospital was R,H,E,S resistant (56.2%) and Klibur Domin care was R,H resistant (70,5%). Conclusion. This study shows the importance of knowing the factors that influence occurance of TB-MDR, the need of countinues monitoring, immediate and appropiate treatment. In this study can be seen that there is no significant difference at diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of TB-MDR at Persahabatan Hospital and Klibur Domin shelter at East Timor., Introduction : Multi-drug resistant with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-MDR) incidence rise to 2% every year, meanwhile prevalence of TB-MDR in the world is 4.3%. WHO report estimated that at 2008 cases of TB MDR in Indonesia were 6427. Objective : The aim of this study is to determine identification of TB-MDR at Persahabatan hospital and Klibur Domin Timur Leste with six months cohort review approach. Methods : This retrospective cohort study was conducted November 2014 from the medical records of TB-MDR patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and Klibur Domin Care of Timor Leste. The sample selection at Persahabatan hospital was with cluster random sampling and Klibur Domin care was with total sampling. Results. Out of a total of 49 patients, 32 patients at Persahabatan Jakarta hospital and 17 patients at Klibur Domin Care Timor Leste, all include inclusion criteria. Male most commonly found in Persahabatan hospital (75%) and Klibur Domin care of Timor Leste (94.1%) with the productive age (35-44 years). From basic characteristics of the history of anti tuberculosis drugs found, category II was most common at Persahabatan hospital (37.5%) and Klibur Domin care was also found to have category II most common (82,3%). Acid fast bacilli positive in Persahabatan hospital was 65.6% and Klibur Domin Timor Leste 100%. Resistance respectively at Persahabatan hospital was R,H,E,S resistant (56.2%) and Klibur Domin care was R,H resistant (70,5%). Conclusion. This study shows the importance of knowing the factors that influence occurance of TB-MDR, the need of countinues monitoring, immediate and appropiate treatment. In this study can be seen that there is no significant difference at diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of TB-MDR at Persahabatan Hospital and Klibur Domin shelter at East Timor.]"

"Salah satu indikator program pengendalian TB secara Nasional strategi DOTS adalah angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB. Fokus utama pengendalian TB strategi DOTS adalah memutus mata rantai penularan TB oleh penderita TB paru sputum BTA positif. Berdasarkan penelitian penderita TB paru sputum BTA negatif dapat menularkan 13-20% (Tostmann A, et al, 2008). BBKPM Bandung sebagai salah satu UPK strategi DOTS pencapaian angka keberhasilan pengobatan masih dibawah target Nasional. Tujuan: mempelajari faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB paru sputum BTA negatif dan pasien TB paru sputum BTA positif. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan TB antara lain faktor individu (umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, kepatuhan berobat) dan obat dan penyakit (rejimen, dosis, lama pengobatan, komorbid HIV dan DM). Indikator keberhasilan pengobatan: pemeriksaan ulang sputum BTA menjadi/tetap negatif dan kenaikan berat badan. Desain penelitian: kohort retrospektif. Sampel: data pasien TB Paru yang tercatat di TB 01 tahun 2009-2011dijadikan 2 sub populasi, Pasien TB paru dengan sputum BTA negatif 292 kasus dan pasien TB paru dengan sputum BTA positif 461 kasus. Analisis: multivariabel regresi logistik. Hasil: OR keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB paru sputum BTA negatif patuh berobat 1,4 dibandingkan tidak patuh (CI : 0,7-3,0) dan pasien TB paru sputum BTA positif patuh berobat 1,1 di bandingkan tidak patuh (CI : 0,6-2,2) setelah dikontrol umur, jenis kelamin dan pekerjaan. Saran: Meningkatkan peran PMO, dan memperhatikan faktor komorbid dalam tatalaksana pengobatan pasien TB paru.

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Succes rate of TB treatment is an important indicator of the Natinal TB control program.The main focus of TB control program DOTS strategy is to break the chain of TB transmission. Tostmann A, et al (2008) showed that through 13-20% sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients can spread TB the bacteria. BBKPM Bandung as one of CGU DOTS strategy has lower treatment succes rate of the national targets.

Purpose: To study factors that influence the treatment succes rate of compare with both smear positve and negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Those are age, gender, occupation, treatment compliance (factor individu) and regimen, dose, duration of treatment, comorbid HIV and DM (drug and disease). Indicator of treatment succes are the conversion of sputum result examination and the gain weight.

Study design: a retrospective cohort study.

Samples: the pulmonary TB patient data recorded at TB 01 yeras 2009-2011. The number of TB patients with sputum smear positive are 461 and negative are 292.

Analysis: Multivariable logistic regression.

Result: OR treatment succes among sputum smear-negative pulmonary TB patients 1,4 (CI: 0,7-3,0) and among sputum smear positive pulmonary Tb patients who adhere to treatment is 1,1 (CI:0,6-2,2) after controlling for age, sex, and occupation.

Suggestion: Enhancing the role of the PMO to increase the treatment adherence rate, treat the TB patients with HIV and DM co-infection."

"TB Paru menjadi salah satu penyakit yang pengendaliannya menjadi komitmet global dalam SDGs. Salah satu indikator yang digunakan dalam pengendalian TBC adalah Case Detection Rate (CDR), yaitu Jumlah semua kasus TBC yang diobati dan dilaporkan diantara perkiraan jumlah semua kasus TBC (insiden). Kementerian Kesehatan menetapkan target CDR minimal pada tahun 2021 sebesar 85%. Pencapaian Cakupan Treatment (TC) Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2021 sebesar 26,91% angka ini belum memenuhi target minimal yang telah ditetapkan yaitu sebesar 85%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian TB paru di RSUD Raden Mattaher. Desain penelitian menggunakan Cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanuak 116 sampel. Hasil penelitian diperoleh faktor determinan terhadap kejadian TB di RSUD Raden Mattaher adalah status gizi dan status diabetes militus. Diperoleh status gizi (OR=3,12 ; 1,07 – 9,04) dan Status DM (OR=3,63 ; 1,17 – 11,27)

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Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) has become one of the diseases whose control is a global commitment within the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). One of the indicators used in TB control is the Case Detection Rate (CDR), which is the number of all treated and reported TB cases among the estimated number of all TB cases (incidence). The Ministry of Health has set a minimum CDR target of 85% in 2021. The achievement of the Treatment Coverage (TC) in Jambi Province in 2021 was only 26.91%, which did not meet the set minimum target of 85%. This research aims to analyze the risk factors for pulmonary TB incidents at RSUD Raden Mattaher. The research design used in this study is Cross-sectional, with a sample size of 116. The research results revealed that the determinants for TB incidents at RSUD Raden Mattaher are nutritional status and diabetes mellitus status. The obtained odds ratio for nutritional status was 3.12 (confidence interval: 1.07 - 9.04), while for diabetes mellitus status, it was 3.63 (confidence interval: 1.17 - 11.27)."