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"Latar Belakang : Inflamasi kronik berhubungan dengan tumor dan menyebabkan prognosis yang buruk pada pasien kanker. Salah satu penanda inflamasi yang meningkat pada tumor adalah C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Kadar CRP meningkat pada lebih dari 50% pasien keganasan. Peningkatan CRP berhubungan kuat dengan keparahan penyakit pada beberapa kanker. Salah satu zat gizi dalam inflamasi adalah asam lemak omega-3. Asam lemak omega-3 dapat meningkatkan pembentukan specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) yang berfungsi meningkatkan mediator antiinflamasi, melindungi blood brain barrier, menurunkan sitokin proinflamasi, menurunkan apoptosis neuron. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.Metode : Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek berusia 18-65 tahun di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan November hingga Desember 2023. Pengukuran CRP menggunakan metode immunoturbidimetric assay. Pengambilan asupan asam lemak omega-3 menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaires semikuantitatif. Analisis bivariat digunakan untuk menilai hubungan antara variabel bebas dan terikat.Hasil : Dari total 63 subjek penelitian, sebanyak 35 subjek (55,6%) pada kelompok asupan asam lemak omega-3 < 2 g/hari dan 28 subjek (44,4%) pada kelompok asupan asam lemak omega-3 ≥ 2 g/hari. Nilai median CRP 8,3 (0,6 – 71,5) mg/L. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p = 0,714) antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.

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Background: Chronic inflammation is associated with tumors and causes poor prognosis in tumor patients. One of the inflammatory markers that increase in tumors is C-Reactive Protein (CRP). CRP levels are elevated in more than 50% of patients with malignancies. Elevated CRP is associated with disease severity in some cancers. One of the nutrients in inflammation is omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids can increase the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) which function to increase anti-inflammatory mediators, protect the blood brain barrier, reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce neuron apoptosis. This study aims to assess the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects aged 18-65 years at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from November to December 2023. CRP measurement using immunoturbidimetric assay method. Omega-3 fatty acid intake was collected using semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was used to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Results: From the total 63 research subjects, 35 subjects (55,6%) in the omega-3 fatty acid intake group < 2 g/day and 28 subjects (44,4%) in the omega-3 fatty acid intake group ≥ 2 g/day. The median CRP value was 8.3 (0.6 - 71.5) mg/L. There was no significant relationship (p = 0,714) between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors.

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors."

"Latar Belakang: Diperkirakan 20-40% pasien kanker mengalami metastasis ke sistem saraf pusat (SSP). Kondisi inflamasi sistemik pada kanker yang dimediasi sitokin berkaitan dengan penurunan massa otot. Pada kondisi inflamasi, sel hepatosit terstimulasi untuk memproduksi protein fase akut c-reative protein (CRP). Kadar CRP di sirkulasi mengalami peningkatan pada lebih dari 50% pasien keganasan. CRP diperkirakan berhubungan dengan penurunan massa otot dan menjadi prediktor dini dalam kehilangan jaringan lean. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar CRP dengan indeks massa otot skeletal (skeletal muscle mass index, SMI) pada pasien metastasis SSP. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang pada pasien kanker dengan metastasis SSP di RSCM. Karakteristik subjek berupa usia, jenis kelamin, tipe metastasis, lokasi tumor primer, defisit neurologis, status performa Karnofsky, penyakit komorbid, penyakit infeksi, terapi glukokortikoid, sedang menjalani kemoterapi, radioterapi, dan tindakan bedah, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), status gizi berdasarkan IMT dan kriteria ASPEN, asupan energi, asupan protein, kadar CRP, dan nilai SMI. Dilakukan analisis hubungan kadar CRP dengan SMI.Hasil: Terdapat 57 pasien yang mengalami metastasis SSP. Mayoritas subjek perempuan (56,1%). Median usia 47 tahun. Lokasi metastasis lebih banyak ditemukan di otak (56,1%), tipe metastasis berdasarkan lokasi susunan saraf terbanyak adalah sinkronus (86%), seluruh subjek merupakan oligometastasis, dan lokasi tumor primer mayoritas berasal dari nasofaring (17,5%), payudara (15,8%), dan paru (14%). Defisit neurologis terbanyak yaitu nyeri kanker (68,4%), nyeri kepala (56,1%), dan kelemahan anggota gerak (43,9%). Kelemahan anggota gerak mayoritas hemiparesis (22,8%). Sebagian besar status performa Karnofsky pasien terganggu sedang (45,6%), 63,2% subjek tidak memiliki penyakit komorbid, 68,4% tidak memiliki penyakit infeksi, 52,6% tidak dalam terapi glukokortikoid, 75,4% subjek tidak sedang menjalani kemoterapi, masing-masing 1,8% subjek sedang menjalani radioterapi dan tindakan bedah. Rerata IMT estimasi 21,28 kg/m2 dan mayoritas status gizi berdasarkan IMT estimasi adalah berat badan normal (43,9%). Berdasarkan kriteria ASPEN, mayoritas termasuk malnutrisi sedang (49,1%) dan berat (31,6%). Rerata asupan energi 19 kkal/kgBB dan median asupan protein 0,6 g/kgBB. Median kadar CRP 46,6 mg/L dan 96,5% subjek mengalami peningkatan kadar CRP. Rerata SMI seluruh subjek yaitu 6,17 kg/m2, rerata SMI laki-laki 7,2 kg/m2 sedangkan rerata SMI perempuan 5,4 kg/m2. Terdapat korelasi negatif lemah (r=-0,373) yang bermakna secara statistik (p=0,005) antara kadar CRP dengan SMI pasien metastasis SSP .Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar CRP dengan SMI pada pasien metastasis SSP.

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Background: It is estimated that 20-40% of cancer patients experience metastases to the central nervous system (CNS). Systemic inflammatory conditions in cancer mediated by cytokines are associated with a decrease in muscle mass. In inflammatory conditions, hepatocyte cells are stimulated to produce the acute-phase protein called c-reactive protein (CRP). Circulating CRP levels increase in over 50% of cancer patients. CRP is believed to be related to a decrease in muscle mass and serves as an early predictor in lean tissue loss. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between CRP levels and the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in patients with CNS metastases. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on cancer patients with CNS metastases at RSCM. Subject characteristics include age, gender, metastases type, primary tumor location, neurological deficits, Karnofsky performance status, comorbidities, infectious diseases, glucocorticoid therapy, undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status based on BMI and ASPEN criteria, energy intake, protein intake, CRP levels, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). An analysis of the relationship between CRP levels and SMI was conducted.

Results: There were 57 patients with CNS metastases. Most subjects were female (56.1%). The median age was 47 years. Metastases was more commonly found in the brain (56.1%), and the most common type of metastasis based on the nervous system location was synchronous (86%). All subjects had oligometastasis, and most primary tumor locations were in the nasopharynx (17.5%), breast (15.8%), and lungs (14%). The most common neurological deficits were cancer pain (68.4%), headaches (56.1%), and limb weakness (43.9%). Most limb weakness was hemiparesis (22.8%). Most Karnofsky performance status was moderately impaired (45.6%), 63.2% had no comorbidities, 68.4% had no infectious diseases, 52.6% were not on glucocorticoid therapy, 75.4% were not undergoing chemotherapy, and 1.8% each were undergoing radiotherapy and surgery. The estimated mean BMI was 21.28 kg/m2, with the majority having a normal weight (43.9%). According to ASPEN criteria, the majority were moderately malnourished (49.1%) and severely malnourished (31.6%). The mean energy intake was 19 kcal/kgBW, and the median protein intake was 0.6 g/kgBW. The median CRP level was 46.6 mg/L, with 96.5% of subjects experiencing an increased CRP level. The mean SMI for all subjects was 6.17 kg/m2, with male subjects having a mean SMI of 7.2 kg/m2 and female subjects having a mean SMI of 5.4 kg/m2. There was a weak negative correlation (r=- 0.373) that was statistically significant (p=0.005) between CRP levels and SMI in patients with CNS metastases.

Conclusion: CRP levels are correlated with SMI in patients with CNS metastasis. Higher CRP levels are associated with lower SMI in patients with CNS metastases."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara asupan karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dengan kadar C-Reactive Protein pada pasien kanker paru stadium IIIB-IV. Progresivitas kanker paru dipengaruhi oleh sistem kekebalan tubuh, faktor genetik dan respon inflamasi. CRP sebagai salah satu marker inflamasi dapat diandalkan sebagai salah satu parameter untuk memprediksi perkembangan kanker. Subjek didapatkan melalui consecutive sampling yang melibatkan 49 subjek kanker paru stadium IIIB ndash; IV yang tidak sedang menjalani terapi di RS Kanker 'Dharmais'. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata usia 55,82 12,26 tahun, sebanyak 63,3 berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Nilai median CRP yaitu 23,82 0,30 - 207,29 mg/L. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi yang bermakna antara asupan karbohidrat dengan kadar CRP serum p = 0,919 , asupan protein dengan kadar CRP serum p = 0,257 dan asupan lemak dengan kadar CRP serum p = 0,986 . Kesimpulan: pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dengan kadar CRP serum sebagai penanda perkembangan kanker.

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The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between carbohydrate, fat and protein intake with the serum C Reactive Protein level in lung cancer patients stage IIIB ndash IV. The progression of lung cancer is influenced by immune system, genetic factors and inflammatory response, therefore CRP can be relied as one of the parameters for predicting cancer cell growth. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling, 49 subjects with lung cancer stage IIIB IV who currently not receving any treatment in Dharmais Cancer Hospital participating in this study. The mean age of subject was 55,82 12,26 years old and 63,3 were male. The median value of CRP was 23,82 0,30 207,29 mg L. This study did not showed significant correlation between carbohydate, protein and fat intake with serum CRP value p 0,919 p 0,257 p 0,986, respectively. In conclusion, there is no correlation between carbohydrate, protein and fat intake with serum CRP level in lung cancer stage IIIB ndash IV."

"Tujuan penelitian cross sectional ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan kadar hs-CRP pada pasien Psoriasis vulgaris. Penelitian dilakukan di Yayasan Peduli Psoriasis Indonesia, mulai November 2014 sampai April 2015. Sejumlah 52 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian dipilih menjadi subjek penelitian. Subjek diwawancara, menjalani pemeriksaan antropometri dan kadar hs-CRP. Data asupan asam lemak omega-3, EPA dan DHA diperoleh dengan metode food frequency questionnaire, dan food recall 3 x 24 jam. Nilai rerata usia subjek adalah 41,9 ± 9,21 tahun. Jumlah subjek laki-laki 57,7% dan wanita, 42,3%. Sebanyak 38,5% subjek status gizinya normal dan 61,5% berat badan lebih. Asupan energi cukup terdapat pada 82,7% subjek, sedangkan 17,3% subjek asupan energinya kurang. Subjek dengan asupan asam lemak omega-3 cukup ada 65,4%, sedangkan 34,6% subjek asupannya kurang. Sebanyak 86,5% subjek asupan EPA dan DHAnya cukup dan 13,5% kurang. Hasil kadar hs-CRP serum yaitu 9,6% subjek kadarnya >10 mg/L, 57,7% subjek kadarnya 1-10 mg/L dan 32,7% subjek kadarnya <1 mg/L. Hasil uji korelasi rank Spearman antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan kadar hs-CRP memperlihatkan korelasi negatif lemah bermakna (r = - 0,394 dan p = 0,004). Korelasi asupan EPA dan DHA dengan kadar hs-CRP adalah negatif sedang bermakna (r = - 0,499 dan p = 0,000). Asupan asam lemak omega-3 terutama dalam bentuk EPA dan DHA dapat menurunkan kadar hs-CRP pada pasien Psoriasis.

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The aim of this cross sectional study is to find out the relationship between dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and hs-CRP level in patient with Psoriasis vulgaris. This study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015, at Yayasan Peduli Psoriasis Indonesia. As all the criterias were succeeded, 52 patients were recruited. Data were collected by interview, anthropometric's measurement, and laboratory examination. Dietary intake data of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA were determined by using food frequencies questionnaire, and food recall 3 x 24 hours method.

Mean value of subjects' age was 41.9 ± 9.21 years. The subjects consisted of 57.7% men and of 42.3% women. Nutritional status of 38.5% subjects was normal and of 61.5% was overweight. An adequate amount of energy intake was found in 82.7% subjects whereas 17.3% was inadequate. Dietary intake of omega- 3 fatty acids was adequate in 65.4% subjects whereas in 34.6% was inadequate. Dietary intake of EPA and DHA in 86.5% subjects was adequate, while in 13.5% subjects, inadequate.

The result of hs-CRP >10 mg/L was found in 9.6% subjects, 1-10 mg/L in 57.7% and <1 mg/L in 32.7% subjects. Rank Spearman correlation test of dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and hs-CRP level showed weak negative significant result (r = - 0.394 and p = 0.004). The result of EPA and DHA with hs-CRP level was fair negative significant (r = - 0.499 and p = 0.000). Thus, it can be concluded that dietary omega-3 fatty acids in the form of EPA and DHA might lessen hs-CRP level in Psoriasis patient."

"Tumor sistem saraf pusat (SSP) dapat menurunkan massa otot dan massa bebas lemak akibat defisit neurologis yang terjadi serta efek sistemik karena keganasan. Penurunan massa bebas lemak dan massa otot dengan inflamasi saling memengaruhi serta dikaitkan dengan prognosis yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi indeks massa bebas lemak (FFMI) dengan indeks inflamasi imun sistemik (SII) pada pasien tumor SSP. Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien dewasa dengan diagnosis tumor SSP di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pengukuran FFMI menggunakan bio impedance analysis (BIA). Nilai SII didapatkan dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium darah perifer lengkap. Terdapat 74 pasien tumor SSP dengan mayoritas perempuan (59,5%) dan lokasi tersering adalah tumor di otak (79,7%). Proporsi jenis tumor primer maupun sekunder adalah sama (50%). Median indeks massa tubuh (IMT) yaitu 22,85 kg/m2 (11,99–37,60 kg/m2) dengan kategori IMT terbanyak adalah berat badan normal (33,8%). Rerata FFMI yaitu 16,05±3,12 kg/m2 dengan 51,4% pasien memiliki FFMI yang rendah. Median SII sebesar 1140,9 (103,6–8745,6). Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara FFMI dengan SII pada pasien tumor SSP. Pada analisis tambahan didapatkan korelasi negatif bermakna antara FFMI dengan SII pada wanita (r=- 0,351; p=0,019), sebaliknya pada pria tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi (r=-0,096; p=0,613).

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Central nervous system (CNS) tumors can reduce muscle mass and fat-free mass due to neurological deficits and systemic effects of malignancy. Decreased fat-free mass and muscle mass with inflammation are mutually influential and associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between fat-free mass index (FFMI) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in patients with CNS tumors. This is a cross-sectional study of CNS tumors adult patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. FFMI measurements were obtained using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). SII values obtained from complete peripheral blood laboratory examination results. There were 74 patients with CNS tumors, with the majority being female (59.5%), and the most common location was brain tumors (79.7%). The proportion of primary and secondary tumor types was equal (50%). The median body mass index (BMI) was 22.85 kg/m2 (11.99– 37.60 kg/m2), with the majority falling under the normal weight category (33.8%). The mean FFMI was 16.05±3.12 kg/m2, with 51.4% of patients having a low FFMI. The median SII was 1140.9 (103.6–8745.6). There was no correlation between FFMI and SII in patients with CNS tumors. In additional analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between FFMI and SII in women (r=-0.351; p=0.019), whereas in men, no correlation was found (r=-0.096; p=0.613)."

"Proses inflamasi pada kanker kepala dan leher menyebabkan peningkatan sitokin proinflamasi dan sintesis protein fase akut c-reactive protein, CRP yang kemudian menyebabkan perubahan metabolisme dan anoreksia pada penderitanya. Seng merupakan zat gizi yang memiliki peran penting dalam menekan inflamasi, namun dilaporkan sekitar 65 pasien kanker kepala dan leher mengalami kekurangan seng. Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara asupan seng dan kadar seng serum dengan kadar c-reactive protein CRP sebagai upaya menekan inflamasi sehingga dapat mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien kanker kepala leher. Dari 49 subyek yang dikumpulkan secara konsekutif di Poliklinik Onkologi RS Kanker Dharmais, 67,3 adalah laki-laki, rentang usia subyek 46 ndash;65 tahun. Frekuensi terbanyak 65,3 adalah kanker nasofaring dan 69,4 berada pada stadium IV. Seratus persen subyek memiliki asupan seng dibawah nilai angka kecukupan gizi. Rerata kadar seng serum subyek adalah 9,83 2,62 mol/L. Sebanyak 51 subyek memiliki kadar CRP yang meningkat. Terdapat korelasi negatif yang lemah antara kadar seng dengan kadar CRP subyek r =-0,292, p =0,042, namun tidak terdapat korelasi antara asupan seng dengan kadar CRP subyek p =0,86.

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The inflammatory process of head and neck cancer leads to increase the proinflammatory cytokines and the synthesis of c reactive protein CRP , which then causes metabolic alteration and anorexia in the patients. Zinc is one of nutrient that has an important role in suppressing inflammation. It is reported that about 65 of head and neck cancer patients have zinc deficiency. The aim of this cross sectional study is to determine the correlation between zinc intake and serum zinc levels with CRP level as an effort to reduce inflammation to reduce the morbidity and mortality of head and neck cancer patients. Subjects were collected by consecutive sampling in the Oncology Polyclinic Dharmais Cancer Hospital, from 49 subjects 67,3 were men, most subjects were in the age range between 46 ndash 65 years. The highest frequency 65,3 is nasopharyngeal cancer and 69,4 are already in stage IV. All subjects in this study have a zinc intake below the recommended dietary allowance RDA in Indonesia. The mean serum zinc level of the subjects was 9.83 2.62 mol L. Most subjects have elevated CRP levels. There was a weak significant negative correlation between zinc concentration and CRP levels of subjects r 0.292, p 0.042, but there was no correlation between zinc intake and CRP levels of subjects p 0.86. "

"Latar Belakang: Kanker primer tahap lanjut dapat bermetastasis ke sistem saraf pusat (SSP) yaitu otak dan spinal, maupun ke selain SSP. Perbedaan gejala klinis antara metastasis SSP dan tanpa keterlibatan SSP adalah defisit neurologis pada metastasis SSP. Kedua metastasis tersebut dapat berisiko menyebabkan indeks massa otot skeletal yang rendah akibat gejala klinis dan peningkatan metabolisme akibat kanker. Namun, belum diketahui perbedaan di antara keduanya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) pada pasien metastasis dengan dan tanpa keterlibatan SSP. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang pada subjek berusia 18-65 tahun. Karakteristik subjek berupa usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, status gizi berdasarkan ASPEN, lokasi tumor primer, lokasi metastasis, waktu terdiagnosis metastasis, defisit neurologis, asupan energi dan protein, Karnofsky Performance Scale, kemoterapi, terapi glukokortikoid, dan nilai ASMI. Analisis bivariat digunakan untuk menilai perbedaan nilai ASMI antara metastasis SSP dan tanpa keterlibatan SSP. Hasil: Terdapat 59 subjek dengan nilai ASMI rendah. Rerata nilai ASMI pada metastasis SSP lebih rendah (3,81±1,19 kg/m2) dibandingkan dengan metastasis tanpa keterlibatan SSP (3,97±0,93 kg/m2) dengan perbedaan tidak signifikan pada kedua kelompok (p = 0,568). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara ASMI rendah dengan jenis kelamin (p=0,000), asupan energi (p=0,012), disfagia (p=0,027), nyeri kepala (p=0,033), dan gangguan kognitif (p=0,032). Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna antara subjek yang memiliki ASMI rendah pada metastasis SSP dan tanpa keterlibatan SSP. Perbedaan bermakna ditemukan antara ASMI dengan karakteristik subjek yaitu jenis kelamin, asupan energi, disfagia, nyeri kepala, dan gangguan kognitif.

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Background: Advanced primary cancer can metastasize to the central nervous system (CNS), namely the brain and spinal cord, or to other than the CNS. The difference in clinical symptoms between CNS metastases and those without CNS involvement is the neurological deficit in CNS metastases. Both metastases may be at risk for low skeletal muscle mass index due to clinical symptoms and increased metabolism due to cancer. However, the differences between them are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the difference of appendicular skeletal muscle index in metastatic patients with and without CNS involvement. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study on subjects aged 18-65 years. Subject characteristics included age, gender, body mass index, nutritional status based on ASPEN, primary tumor location, metastasis location, time of metastasis diagnosis, neurological deficits, energy and protein intake, Karnofsky Performance Scale, chemotherapy, glucocorticoid therapy, and ASMI value. Bivariate analysis was used to assess the difference in ASMI value between CNS metastasis and without CNS involvement Results: There were 59 subjects with low ASMI values. The mean ASMI value in CNS metastasis was lower (3,81±1,19 kg/m2) compared to metastasis without CNS involvement (3,97±0,93 kg/m2) without significant difference in both groups (p=0,568). There was a significant difference between low ASMI and gender (p=0,000), energy intake (p=0,012), dysphagia (p=0,027), headache (p=0,033), and cognitive impairment (p=0,032). Conclusion: No significant difference was found between subjects who had low ASMI in CNS metastasis and without CNS involvement. Significant differences were found between ASMI and subject characteristics such as gender, energy intake, dysphagia, headache, and cognitive impairment."

"Latar Belakang: Tumor sistem saraf pusat (SSP) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas di seluruh dunia yang menyebabkan disabilitas dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Tumor SSP menyebabkan defisit neurologis dan berisiko terjadinya kaheksia. Kaheksia dihubungkan dengan penurunan respons pengobatan dan penurunan kesintasan. Peradangan sistemik merupakan ciri khas kaheksia. Rasio neutrofil limfosit (RNL) merupakan penanda inflamasi sistemik yang mudah dan rutin diperiksa dengan harga yang tidak mahal. Belum diketahui hubungan antara RNL dengan kejadian kaheksia pada tumor SSP.Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek berusia 18–65 tahun di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, yang dirawat dengan diagnosis tumor SSP pada bulan November hingga Desember 2023. Nilai RNL diambil dari pemeriksaan darah perifer lengkap dan dilakukan penegakan diagnosis kaheksia berdasarkan kriteria Evans. Dilakukan analisis hubungan RNL dengan kejadian kaheksia.Hasil: Terdapat 50 subjek dengan diagnosis tumor SSP. Median RNL adalah 4,13 (1,26; 23,22). Nilai RNL secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok subjek yang mengalami kaheksia (median RNL 7,19 (1,26; 23,22)) dibandingkan tanpa kaheksia (median RNL 3,10 (1,40; 8,48)) (p<0,001).Simpulan: RNL berhubungan dengan kejadian kaheksia pada tumor SSP. Subjek yang mengalami kaheksia memiliki RNL yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak kaheksia.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, causing disability and decreased quality of life. Central nervous system tumors cause neurological deficits and are at risk of developing cachexia. Cachexia is associated with decreased treatment response and reduced survival. Systemic inflammation is the hallmark of cachexia. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a systemic inflammation that included in routine laboratory examination and inexpensive. The association between NLR and the incidence of cachexia in CNS tumors remain unknown.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects aged 18–65 years old at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, who were admitted with CNS tumor diagnosis from November to December 2023. The NLR value was taken from the complete peripheral blood examination and the diagnosis of cachexia was based on Evans criteria. The relationship between NLR and the incidence of cachexia was analyzed.

Results: There were 50 subjects with CNS tumor diagnosis. The median NLR was 4,13 (1,26; 23,22). The mean NLR was significantly higher in the group of subjects with cachexia (median NLR 7,19 (1,26; 23,22)) than without cachexia (median NLR 3,10 (1,40; 8,48)) (p<0,001).

Conclusion: NLR is associated with the incidence of cachexia in CNS tumors. Subjects with cachexia had higher NLR compared to those withoit cachexia."

"Skleroderma adalah penyakit autoimun yang melibatkan jaringan ikat. Salah satu gejala klinis skleroderma adalah Fenomena Raynaud dengan perubahan 3 warna pada kulit. Pemeriksaan marker seperti C-reactive protein (CRP) dan laju endap darah (LED) digunakan untuk memeriksa tingkat inflamasi terkait Fenomena Raynaud. Tujuan penelitian adalah menelusuri hubungan kemaknaan antara CRP maupun LED dengan Fenomena Raynaud pada pasien skleroderma. Desain penelitian adalah desain potong lintang dan non-probability sampling. Jumlah sampel adalah 73 (30 memiliki Fenomena Raynaud, 43 tidak memiliki Fenomena Raynaud). Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square (diganti menjadi uji Fisher) untuk mengetahui apakah data yang diperoleh bermakna secara statistik dan klinis. Data bermakna secara statistik jika nilai p < α. Data bermakna secara klinis jika nilai besar efek penelitian > besar efek minimal. Hasil penelitian memperoleh, pasien skleroderma terbanyak adalah 26, 38, dan 47 tahun (masing-masing 6,8%), rentang usia 20-73 tahun, mayoritas wanita (87,7%). Hasil yang diperoleh, tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik maupun klinis antara CRP dengan Fenomena Raynaud, maupun antara LED wanita dengan Fenomena Raynaud. Hubungan antara LED pria dengan Fenomena Raynaud diperoleh tidak bermakna secara statistik, namun dianggap bermakna secara klinis.

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Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease that involves connective tissue. One of the clinical symptoms is Raynaud's Phenomenon with 3 colors change on the skin. Marker inflammations, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) can be used for investigating inflammation level in establishing Raynaud's Phenomenon.

The aim was to investigate whether there was a significant relationship between CRP and ESR level with Raynaud's Phenomenon on scleroderma patients. This research use cross sectional design and non-probability sampling. Total sample used was 73 (30 with Raynaud's Phenomenon, 43 did not have). The test used was chi square (then change into Fisher Test) to determine whether the data obtained were statistically and clinically significant. Data is considered statistically significant if the value of p < α. Data is considered clinically significant if value of research effect size > minimal effect size.

The results showed that most of scleroderma patients were 26, 38, and 47 years old (6,8% respectively) with range 20-73 years old, the majority was women (87,7%). The results obtained were no statistically or clinically significant relationship between CRP and Raynaud's Phenomenon, nor between female's ESR and Raynaud's Phenomenon. The relationship between male's ESR and Raynaud's Phenomenon was not statistically significant, but was considered clinically significant. "

"Pendahuluan: Depresi mempengaruhi 45,19% pasien tuberkulosis paru (TB) dalam kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan, yang menyebabkan peningkatan morbiditas dan kematian, resistensi obat yang meningkat, serta penularan penyakit yang terus berlanjut. Usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pendapatan, status gizi, komorbiditas, fase terapi, dan status HIV adalah faktor-faktor yang dapat berkontribusi terhadap depresi pada pasien TB. Infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis menyebabkan peradangan sistemik, mengubah respons pusat sistem kekebalan tubuh di sistem saraf pusat, mengaktifkan sumsum tulang belakang-hipotalamus-kelenjar adrenal (HPA) dan saraf simpatis, serta berkontribusi terhadap masalah psikiatri. Komposisi asam lemak, termasuk jumlah tinggi EPA dan DHA, mempengaruhi fungsi sel dengan memodifikasi pola produksi eikosanoid, resolvin, dan protektin. Selain itu, fluiditas membran sel yang meningkat dengan peningkatan asam lemak omega-3 dibandingkan dengan asam lemak omega-6 mempengaruhi kejadian depresi.Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang terhadap 99 orang dengan TB paru. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Semi-Kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), pengukuran antropometri, dan Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).Hasil: Analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Spearman menunjukkan rasio asupan omega-6/omega-3 PUFA sebesar 7,78 ± 1,13, dengan nilai median skor depresi sebesar 9 (10-36). Tidak ada korelasi antara asupan omega-6/omega-3 PUFA dan skor depresi (r=0,063; p = 0,534).Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi antara rasio asupan omega-6/omega-3 PUFA dan skor depresi pada pasien TB paru. 

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Introduction: Depression affects 45.19% of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in their adherence to treatment, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, drug resistance, and disease transmission. Factors like age, gender, education, income, nutrition, comorbidities, therapy phase, and HIV status contribute to TB-related depression. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection induces systemic inflammation, alters the immune response in the central nervous system, activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic nerves, and influences psychiatric issues. Fatty acid composition, particularly high levels of EPA and DHA, modifies cellular function by affecting eicosanoid, resolvin, and protectin production. The greater cell membrane fluidity with omega-3 fatty acids compared to omega-6 fatty acids affects depression occurrence.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 99 individuals with pulmonary TB was conducted. Data was collected using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), anthropometric measurements, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).

Results: Spearman correlation analysis revealed an omega-6/omega-3 PUFA intake ratio of 7.78 ± 1.13, with a median depression score of 9 (10-36). No correlation was found between omega-6/omega-3 PUFA intake and depression score (r=0.063; p = 0.534).

Conclusion: No correlation exists between the omega-6/omega-3 PUFA intake ratio and depression scores in pulmonary TB patients."