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"Show me your teeth," the great naturalist Georges Cuvier is credited with saying, "and I will tell you who you are." In this shattering new work, veteran health journalist Mary Otto looks inside America's mouth, revealing unsettling truths about our unequal society. Teeth takes readers on a disturbing journey into America's silent epidemic of oral disease, exposing the hidden connections between tooth decay and stunted job prospects, low educational achievement, decreased social mobility, and the troubling state of our public health. Otto's subjects include the pioneering dentist who made Shirley Temple and Judy Garland's teeth sparkle on the silver screen and helped create the all-American image of "pearly whites"; Deamonte Driver, the young Maryland boy whose tragic death from an abscessed tooth sparked congressional hearings; and a marketing guru who offers advice to dentists on how to push new and expensive treatments and how to keep Medicaid patients at bay. In one of its most disturbing findings, Teeth reveal that toothaches are not an occasional inconvenience, but rather a chronic reality for millions of people, including disproportionate numbers of the elderly and people of color. Many people, Otto reveals, resort to prayer to counteract the uniquely devastating effects of dental pain. Otto also goes back in time to understand the roots of our predicament in the history of dentistry, showing how it became separated from mainstream medicine, despite a century of growing evidence that oral health and general bodily health are closely related. Muckraking and paradigm-shifting, Teeth exposes for the first time the extent and meaning of our oral health crisis. It joins the small shelf of books that change the way we view society and ourselves - and will spark an urgent conversation about why our teeth matter."

"Tujuan: Untuk mendeskripsikan kebutuhan yang dirasakan akan dan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan gigi di Indonesia Indonesia pada 2013. Metode: Studi cross-sectional dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional Indonesia tahun 2013 (n = 260.925). Deskriptif analisis dan regresi logistik digunakan untuk menggambarkan proporsi dan hubungan antara kebutuhan yang dirasakan dan pemanfaatan perawatan kesehatan gigi dari beberapa karakteristik sosiodemografi. Hubungan antara kebutuhan yang dirasakan dan kebiasaan menyikat gigi juga dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil: 1,64% dari Orang Indonesia memiliki kebutuhan yang dirasakan akan perawatan kesehatan gigi pada tahun 2013 dan persentase untuk pemanfaatannya adalah 2,30% orang Indonesia pada tahun yang sama. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan secara statistik yang menunjukkan rasio odds yang lebih tinggi untuk kebutuhan yang dirasakan untuk dan pemanfaatan perawatan kesehatan gigi pada responden yang berusia <15 tahun, perempuan, belum menikah, memiliki pendidikan tinggi, dan diasuransikan. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa responden dengan kebutuhan yang dirasakan memiliki rasio odds yang lebih tinggi untuk kebiasaan menyikat gigi. Kesimpulan: The proporsi kebutuhan yang dirasakan dan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan gigi di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 ditemukan rendah dan dikaitkan dengan beberapa faktor sosiodemografi.

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Objective: To describe the perceived need for and utilization of dental health services in Indonesia in Indonesia in 2013. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2013 Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey (n = 260,925). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression are used to illustrate the proportion and relationship between perceived needs and utilization of dental health care from several sociodemographic characteristics. The relationship between perceived needs and toothbrushing habits was also analyzed using logistic regression. Results: 1.64% of Indonesians had a perceived need for dental health care in 2013 and the percentage for utilization was 2.30% of Indonesians in the same year. Logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant results which showed a higher odds ratio for perceived need for and utilization of dental health care for respondents aged <15 years, women, unmarried, highly educated, and insured. The results also showed that respondents with perceived needs had a higher odds ratio for toothbrushing habits. Conclusion: The proportion of perceived need and utilization of dental health services in Indonesia in 2013 was found to be low and associated with several sociodemographic factors."

"Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan inequality dalam perceived need dan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia tahun 1993-2014. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan desain cohort menggunakan data sekunder dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) pada tahun 1993-2014 (n = 122.575). Analisis deskriptif, penghitungan Concentration Index (CI) dilakukan untuk melihat inequality pada pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan berbagai karakteristik sosiodemografi penduduk Indonesia pada tahun 1993-2014. Hasil: Dari total keseluruhan responden IFLS 1-5, terdapat 12,86% individu yang memiliki perceived need dan hanya 23,13% individu yang melakukan utilisasi. Kemudian pada hasil analisis concentration index (CI) dari perceived need bernilai negatif pada IFLS 1 (CI = -0,006), IFLS 4 (CI = -0,014), dan IFLS 5 (CI = -0,004) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-poor inequality dalam perceived need dan bernilai positif pada IFLS 2 (CI = 0,02) dan IFLS 3 (CI = 0,015) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-rich inequality dalam perceived need. Sedangkan pada hasil analisis concentration index (CI) dari utilisasi bernilai positif pada IFLS 1 (CI = 0,111), IFLS 3 (CI = 0,092), IFLS 4 (CI = 0,94), dan IFLS 5 (CI = 0,249) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-rich inequality dalam utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut bernilai negative pada IFLS 2 (CI = - 0,008) sehingga mengindikasikan adanya signifikansi pro-poor inequality dalam utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat inequality dalam perceived need dan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia pada tahun 1993-2014.

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Objectives: Describe the inequality in perceived need and utilization of dental and oral health services in Indonesia in 1993-2014.

Method: This research is a descriptive analytic study with a cohort design using secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 1993-2014 (n = 122.575). Descriptive analysis, calculating the Concentration Index (CI) was carried out to see the inequality in dental and oral health services with various sociodemographic characteristics of the Indonesian population in 1993-2014.

Result: Of the total IFLS respondents 1-5, there are 12.86% individuals who have perceived need and only 23.13% individuals who do utilization. Then the results of the concentration index (CI) analysis of perceived need are negative at IFLS 1 (CI = -0.006), IFLS 4 (CI = -0.014), and IFLS 5 (CI = -0.004), indicating a significant pro-poor inequality. in perceived need and has a positive value in IFLS 2 (CI = 0.02) and IFLS 3 (CI = 0.015) thus indicating a significant pro-rich inequality in perceived need. While the results of the concentration index (CI) analysis of utilization are positive at IFLS 1 (CI = 0.111), IFLS 3 (CI = 0.092), IFLS 4 (CI = 0.94), and IFLS 5 (CI = 0.249) thus indicating the significance of the pro-rich inequality in the utilization of dental and oral health services is negative in IFLS 2 (CI = -0.008), thus indicating a significant pro-poor inequality in the utilization of dental and oral health services.

Conclusion: Based on this research, it shows that there is still inequality in the perceived need and utilization of dental and oral health services in Indonesia in 1993-2014."

"Latar Belakang: Prevalensi karies gigi di Indonesia 90% (2010). "Suku Anak Dalam" di pedalaman hutan Provinsi Jambi menganut paham animisme yang mempunyai pantangan menggunakan pasta gigi. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengidentifikasi pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan murid "Sokola Rimba" serta kaitannya dengan kepercayaan memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap risiko karies gigi. Metode: Deskriptif kualitatif etnografi dan kuantitatif cross-sectional dengan metode convenience sampling. Hasil Penelitian: Status karies gigi menurut indeks deft anak usia 5-10 tahun 5,18; indeks DMFT anak usia 5-10 tahun 4,59 dan remaja usia 12-18 tahun 16,53. Kesimpulan: Status karies gigi berkaitan dengan perilaku dan kepercayaan masyarakat "Suku Anak Dalam".

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Background: Prevalence of caries in Indonesia is 90% (2010). "Suku Anak Dalam" in the jungle of Jambi Province believed in animism which prohibits the use of toothpaste. Objective: To identify the knowledge, attitudes, and practice "Sokola Rimba" students with its relation to the belief of maintaining dental and oral health on the risk of dental caries. Methods: Descriptive qualitative ethnographic and quantitative cross-sectional with convenience sampling method. Result: Caries status according to def-t index 5,18 children 5-10 years of age; DMF-T index of 4,59 children aged 5-10 years and adolescents aged 12-18 years are 16,53. Caries severity is related to the behavior and beliefs in "Suku Anak Dalam"."

"Sosiodemografi, Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut, dan Aktivitas Fisik: Berbagai Faktor Penyebab Karies.Karies gigi adalah salah satu penyakit umum disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Banyak orang dewasa menderita karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prediktor karies gigi pada orang dewasa. Tiga ratus tiga puluh empat orang dewasa ikut berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Informasi yang dikumpulkan adalah latar belakang sosio- demografis, perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut, tingkat aktivitas fisik, indeks massa tubuh, persentase lemak tubuh, tingkat lemak visceral, dan indeks gigi yang hilang, ditambal, dan diekstraksi (DMFX). Semua protokol standar diamati dan DMFX diperiksa mengikuti kriteria Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO). Prevalensi karies gigi adalah 87,4%, termasuk 61,3% responden perempuan dengan pengalaman karies. Sebagian besar peserta penelitian kelebihan berat badan. Hanya konsumsi makanan tinggi gula (p=0,03) yang dapat dikaitkan dengan karies gigi dan perilaku kesehatan mulut dan gigi. Analisis regresi (p<0,001) menunjukkan bahwa usia yang lebih tua (p<0,001), kunjungan rutin ke klinik gigi per tahun (p=0,012), tingkat pendidikan yang lebih rendah (p=0,025), dan aktivitas fisik yang lebih rendah (p=0,008) merupakan faktor signifikan yang menyebabkan karies gigi pada populasi penelitian ini. Orang dewasa berusia lanjut, rendahnya frekuensi kunjungan ke dokter gigi, kurangnya pendidikan mengenai kesehatan mulut dan gigi, dan aktivitas fisik yang lebih rendah merupakan faktor yang memungkinkan kehadiran karies gigi.

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Dental caries is one of the common diseases which are attributed by many factors. Many from the adult population are afflicted with dental caries. This study aimed to determine the predictors of developing dental caries among adults. Three hundred and thirty four adults participated in this study. Information gathered were their socio-demographic backgrounds, oral health behaviour, physical activity level, body mass index, body fat percentages, visceral fat level, and dental missing filled extracted teeth (DMFX) index. All standard protocols were observed and DMFX was examined using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Prevalence of dental caries was 87.4%, inclusive of 61.3% of female respondents with caries experience. Most of the study participants were overweight. Only consumption of high sugar food (p=0.03) were found between dental caries and oral health behaviours. Regression analysis (p<0.001) showed that older age (p<0.001), regular visits to dental clinic per year (p=0.012), lower education level (p=0.025), and lower physical activity (p=0.008) were significant factors in developing dental caries among in this study population. Older aged adults, frequent appointment with the dentist, lower education in oral health and lower physical activity were possible factors for dental caries presence."

"Clinical Research in Oral Health surveys the essentials of clinical research in oral health, anchoring these principles within the specific context of the oral health arena. Addressing research questions exclusively applicable to dentistry and oral health, the book thoroughly illustrates the principles and practice of oral health clinical research. Clinical Research in Oral Health also clarifies the framework of regulatory issues and presents emerging concepts in clinical translation, relating the research principles to clinical improvemen"