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"Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) membentuk dasar dari sebagian besar proses manajemen proyek. Terlepas dari keunikan masing-masing proyek, sebagian besar bangunan mengandung pilihan unsur yang serumpun yang menjadikannya dasar bagi banyak struktur. Ini dapat distandarisasi dan digunakan sebagai dasar program universal untuk pekerjaan konstruksi. Aktivitas kerja dalam proyek konstruksi dapat mengalami gangguan yang mungkin disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Salah satu faktor tersebut adalah terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Pencegahan kecelakaan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan identifikasi dan analisis awal potensi bahaya di setiap paket kerja, metode, aktivitas, sumber daya, dan lingkungan WBS. Ini memunculkan kebutuhan akan WBS standar yang menjadi dasar penyajian penilaian risiko, dampak, dan frekuensi kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan standar WBS berbasis risiko untuk perencanaan keselamatan pembangunan stadion. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah standar WBS, metode implementasi, kegiatan, sumber daya, potensi risiko bahaya dan perencanaan keselamatan menggunakan WBS berbasis risiko dari pekerjaan konstruksi stadion. Selain itu, standar WBS berbasis risiko akan membantu mencegah, mengurangi, menghilangkan, dan bahkan menihilkan risiko kecelakaan yang terjadi dalam pekerjaan konstruksi.

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The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) forms the base of most project management processes. Despite the uniqueness of each project, most buildings contain cognate, elemental options that makes for the bases of many structures. These can be standardized and used as the basis of a universal program for construction works. Work activities in construction projects can suffer disruptions that may be caused by numerous factors. One of these factors is the occurrence of work accidents. The prevention of said accidents can be done by conducting an identification and early analysis of potential hazards in every work package, method, activity, resource and environment of the WBS. This brings up the need for a standardized WBS from which the presentation of risk, impact, and frequency assessments of workplace accidents will be based. This study aims to develop a risk-based WBS standard for the safety planning of stadium construction. The outcome of this study are the WBS standards, implementation methods, activities, resources, potential hazard risks and safety planning using risk-based WBS of a stadium construction work. Furthermore, the risk-based WBS standard will help to prevent, reduce, eliminate and even nullify the risk of accidents occuring in the construction work."

"Dalam Proyek konstruksi jembatan baja khususnya pada jembatan girder baja dikatakan sukses jika dilakukan pendefinisian lingkup proyek sesuai dengan persyaratan. WBS merupakan penguraian pekerjaan menjadi lebih kecil dan mudah dikendalikan. Standarisasi WBS sangat penting karena akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pengendalian biaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan WBS jembatan pada girder baja. Metodologi yang digunakan berdasarkan peraturan Spesifikasi Umum Bina Marga 2010 Revisi 3 dan Spesifikasi Khusus Jalan Bebas Hambatan dan Jalan Tol 2017 BPJT yang berbasis risiko. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah standar WBS terdiri dari 6 level dengan menganalisa 15 variabel risiko dominan yang mungkin terjadi yang berpengaruh terhadap pengendalian biaya proyek dan pengembangan WBS standar dengan dilakukan rekomendasi respon risiko.

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In the steel bridge construction project, especially on the steel girder bridge can be successful if the definition of project scope in accordance with the requirements. WBS is a smaller item and easily controlled. WBS standardization is very important because will greatly affect the cost control. The purpose of this research is to develop WBS of steel girder bridges. Method based on the regulation of the General Specification of Highways 2010 Revision 3 and Special Specification of Toll Roads 2017 from Toll Road Regulatory Agency BPJT for cost control project. The results of this study is WBS standards of 6 level with 15 dominant risk variables by analyzing possible risks that may affect cost control project and development of standard WBS with recommended risk responses. "

"Studi komputasi adalah studi yang ditentukan dari perhitungan struktur elektronik berupa material, seperti Fe, Ni, dan Co. Struktur kristal berupa material Fe, Ni, dan Co yang dikomputasikan adalah Fe3Ni2 dan Fe6Ni3Co. Struktur Fe6Ni3Co yang didapatkan dengan mengganti Ni pada Fe3Ni2 dengan Co. Studi ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan Density Functional Theory (DFT) melalui metode atomistik, optimasi geometri, dan analisis konstanta elastis. Metode atomistik menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal yang berbentuk tetragonal dan kelompok ruang P4/mmm. Optimasi geometri dilakukan dengan menggunakan energy cutoff sebesar 300 eV terhadap struktur kristal yang berbentuk tetragonal dengan parameter kisi (a, b, c) adalah (10, 10, 1) dalam satuan Å. Analisis konstanta elastis menghasilkan besaran Cij terdiri dari i adalah pola regangan secara masing-masing sebanyak 6 dan j adalah amplitudo sebanyak 6. Cij berguna untuk menentukan konstanta elastis beserta jenisnya, antara lain modulus elastisitas, modulus bulk, modulus geser, kompresibilitas, dan rasio poisson serta berguna untuk menentukan kondisi stabilitas dari Fe3Ni2 dan Fe6Ni3Co.

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Computational studies are studies that are determined from the calculation of the electronic structure of materials, such as Fe, Ni, and Co. The crystal structures in the form of Fe, Ni, and Co materials which are computed are Fe3Ni2 and Fe6Ni3Co. The Fe6Ni3Co structure obtained by replacing Ni in Fe3Ni2 with Co. This study was carried out using Density Functional Theory (DFT) through atomistic method, geometry optimization, and elastic constant analysis. Atomistic method shows that the crystal structure is tetragonal and the space group is P4/mmm. Geometry optimization was carried out using a cutoff energy of 300 eV for a tetragonal crystal structure with lattice parameters (a, b, c) of (10, 10, 1) in Å units. Analysis of the elastic constant produces the amount Cij consist of i is the pattern of strain as many as 6 each and j is the amplitude of 6. Cij is useful for determine the elastic constants and their types, including modulus of elasticity, bulk modulus, shear modulus, compressibility, and poisson’s ratio as well useful to determine the stability conditions of Fe3Ni2 and Fe6Ni3Co."

"The limited procession of resources such as physical capital especially land, finance, and technology need social resources empowerment as potential local resources followed by equality and inclusiveness in implementing of development programs. This paper tries to elaborate sociological theory in the dynamics of social capital study especially social networks linked to the social reality on empirical level. In line with the theories of new institutionalism, social networks, diffusion of innovation, and social mobility, on the empirical level it shows that agribusiness development is not supported by synchronization of policy environment in macro level, informal rules at meso level, and individual needs in micro level and availability of informal rules at meso and micro levels in the community. The failure of agribusiness development is also believed to be affected by unequal social-resources and also by less concern on the effect of economic benefit on social network, i.e. without considering the following aspects, e.g. (i) Norm and density network; (ii) The Strength of Weak Ties; (iii) The importance of Structural Holes; and (iv) The Interpenetration of Economic and Non-Economic Action in developing agribusiness. Agribusiness community will keep facing obstacles to grab opportunity in accessing information and technology innovation and in turn it will lower productivity, income and welfare as well as vertical mobility. "

"Sektor energi mempunyai peran vital bagi pertumbuhan sektor ekonomi terutama untuk sektor produksi seperti sektor industri manufaktur. Berbeda dengan Negara maju, intensitas energi sektor industri Indonesia lebih tinggi dibanding intensitas rata-rata nasional yang menunjukkan ketidakefisienan penggunaan energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model permintaan energi pada industri semen, baja dan pulp dan kertas dengan pendekatan engineering-economic model. Tahapan penelitian ini yaitu pengumpulan data, penentuan variabel, analisis data, pemodelan, dan simulasi dengan skenario konservasi dan dasar. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa data untuk memetakan konsumsi energi dan intensitas energi pada industri manufaktur tidak konsisten sehingga gambaran konsumsi energi, intensitas energi dan intensitas emisi secara nasional tidak didapatkan. Dengan skenario konservasi industri semen dapat menghematan sebesar 150 juta GJ dan industri baja 111 juta GJ di tahun 2020.

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The energy sector has a vital role for the growth of economy sectors especially for production sectors such as the manufacturing industry. In contrast to developed countries, energy intensity of industrial sectors in Indonesia is higher than national average intensity which shows inefficient energy use.

This research aims to develop a model of energy demand in cement, steel and pulp and paper industries with engineering - economic model approach. The methodologies are data collection, data analysis, variable determination, modeling, and simulation with conservation and basic scenarios.

This research gets that data to mapping the energy consumption and energy intensity in the manufacturing industry is not consistent so the profile of energy consumption, energy intensity and emissions intensity is not obtained. With conservation scenarios the cement industry can save 150 million GJ and the steel industries 111 million GJ in 2020."

"This book highlights the use of Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) to treat lead-contaminated soils, which are widely present in China. It reveals the evolutionary mechanism of the structural characteristics of Pb contaminated soil during the S/S process. In addition, the book systematically analyzes laws influencing the S/S process and its internal mechanisms, and develops new models for the strength prediction and Pb leaching prediction of S/S monolith. The results can provide essential theoretical guidance and parameter-related support for the design of Pb-contamiated soil S/S remediation and recycling solutions."