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"Dalam dekade terakhir, banyak ahli ekonomi yang telah membahas fenomena yang disebut middle-income trap sejalan bertumbuhnya pangsa ekonomi pendapatan. Fenomena middle-income trap ini dikenal sebagai kondisi dimana pertumbuhan ekonomi yang stagnan mencegah sebuah negara untuk mencapai tingkat pendapatan tinggi. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, negara anggota ASEAN telah berhasil mencapai tingkat pendapatan menengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami hubungan antara inovasi dan pendapatan per kapita untuk negara-negara ASEAN dan memahami peran inovasi dalam mendukung negara-negara ASEAN untuk beralih ke tingkat pendapatan yang lebih tinggi. Studi ini menemukan bahwa inovasi bersama dengan investasi asing langsung dan produktivitas berkontribusi positif terhadap pendapatan per kapita. Inovasi juga ditemukan dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan naiknya tingkat pendapatan, khususnya untuk tingkat pendapatan menengah ke bawah menuju tingkat menengah ke atas. Produktivitas ditemukan sangat mempengaruhi kemungkinan pindah ke tingkat pendapatan yang lebih tinggi pada setiap tingkat kelompok pendapatan. Temuan lain dalam studi ini bahwa adanya hubungan curvilinear antara faktor pertumbuhan dan pendapatan per kapita, yang menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi faktor pertumbuhan disertai dengan efek marginal yang semakin berkurang. Ketika pendapatan per kapita tumbuh menuju tingkat pendapatan yang lebih tinggi, faktor pertumbuhan berkontribusi terhadap pendapatan pada tingkat yang menurun, maka menunjukkan kesulitan yang meningkat ketika naik ke kategori pendapatan yang lebih tinggi

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In the past decade, many economists have discussed a phenomenon called the middle-income trap as the share of middle-income economies are growing. The trap is known as a condition of stagnant economic growth that prevents economies from reaching high-income level. In recent years, ASEAN countries have successfully reached the middle-income level. This research aims to understand the relationship between innovation and per capita income for ASEAN countries and understand the role of innovation in supporting ASEAN countries to switch towards a higher income level. This study found that innovation along with foreign direct investment and productivity contributes positively towards per capita income. Innovation was also found to increase the probability of moving up the income ladder, specifically for lower middle-income level towards upper middle-income level. Productivity was found to strongly influence the probability of moving up to a higher income level on any level of initial income group. Furthermore, we found that there is a curvilinear relationship between growth factors and per capita income, which indicates that the contribution of growth factors comes with diminishing marginal effects. As income per capita grows towards a higher income level, growth factors contribute towards income at a decreasing rate, which suggests heightened difficulty when moving up the income stages."

"This book aims to present the first comprehensive synthesis of the context and impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to offer insights on successful and sustainable interventions and policies that work for at-risk populations. It includes 12 chapters divided into 3 parts. Part I focuses on the state of the problem and state of knowledge on the epidemiology and burden of the major NCDs. Three chapters review the epidemiology and burden of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes (Chapter 1), cancers (Chapter 2) and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Parkinson's disease (Chapter 4). Two chapters focus on the co-morbid and multi-morbid interactions between the major NCDs and infectious diseases like HIV, tuberculosis and malaria (Chapter 3) and mental health disorders (Chapter 5). Part II focuses on best practices and innovation in research and intervention. Four chapters discuss key issues on this theme including health systems strengthening (Chapter 6), population surveillance (Chapter 7), community-based interventions (Chapter 8) and self-help approaches to NCD care (Chapter 9). Part III focuses on policy development and implementation. Three chapters offer a comprehensive analysis of existing policies relevant to NCD prevention and control. They focus on policies that work, as well as discussing the lessons that can be learned from infectious disease control (Chapter 10), NCD control in high-income countries (Chapter 11) and the current policy issues and activities arising from the 2011 UN High Level Meeting on NCDs and leading to a post-2015 global health agenda (Chapter 12)."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh dari peraturan anti-dumping dan krisis global terhadap laju impor produk baja kasar pada enam Negara ASEAN. Data yang digunakan pada tesis ini menggunakan data panel dari tahun 2003 hingga tahun 2011.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa variabel anti-dumping tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap laju impor produk baja kasar. Hal tersebut dikarenakan hanya tiga dari dari enam negara ASEAN yang secara teratur menerapkan peraturan anti-dumping.Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa hasil empiris dari laju impor seluruh produk perdagangan dari suatu negara memiliki koefisien variabel yang lebih kecil daripada koefisien variabel pada laju impor suatu produk perdagangan. Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor GDP riil dan nilai tukar mata uang riil memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kecil terhadap laju impor produk baja kasar. Hal tersebut berarti factor GDP riil dan nilai tukar mata uang riil lebih berpengaruh terhadap laju impor seluruh produk perdagangan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa variabel time-dummy dapat menggambarkan pengaruh dari krisis global terhadap penurunan signifikan pada laju impor dari suatu produk perdagangan

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The purpose of this thesis is to measure the effect of the anti-dumping law and the global crisis on the import flow of crude steel products in six ASEAN member countries with panel data collected from 2003 until 2011.

This study finds that the anti-dumping variable does not significantly affect the import flow of the crude steel products. The database of anti-dumping law in steel products shows that only three ASEAN countries regularly apply the anti-dumping law within ASEAN countries.

This research is also finds that the empirical result of the country level import flow will produce a smaller coefficient than that in the commodity level import flow. This finding indicates that the factors of real GDP and the real exchange rate are less affecting the commodity level import flow of steel product. This means that the real GDP and real exchange rate plays more important role to the country level import flow. Furthermore, the time dummy variables are able to capture the year-specific effect of the global crisis which is more severely affect the commodity level import flow."

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Rantai nilai global (GVC) diasumsikan menyebabkan pelemahan hubungan nilai tukar dan ekspor. Dengan menggunakan data spesifik industri, studi ini bertujuan menyelidiki dampak GVC pada hubungan Nilai Tukar Efektif Riil (REER) dan ekspor di empat negara ASEAN. Estimasi dilakukan menggunakan Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) dari tahun 2009-2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk Indonesia dan Malaysia, integrasi ke GVC dengan berbagai pengukuran akan menurunkan elastisitas ekspor terhadap REER Sebaliknya, koefisien elatisitas dan partisipasi GVC untuk Filipina tidak signifikan secara statistik. Selanjutnya, estimasi terhadap Thailand dan kelompok empat negara ASEAN mengimplikasikan partisipasi pada GVC mengubah nilai dan tanda elastisitas ekspor terhadap REER.

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Global Value Chain (GVC) is assumed as the source of the weakening link between exchange rates and export. By employing industry-specific data, this study aims to investigate the impact of GVC on the relationship of the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) and exports in four ASEAN countries. The estimations are conducted using Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) from 2009 to 2015. The findings of this study suggest that for Indonesia and Malaysia, integration to GVC, with various measurements, will reduce the REER elasticity of exports. Conversely, the coefficients of elasticity and participation to GVC are not statistically significant for the Philippines. Furthermore, the estimation on Thailand and a group of four countries implies that the presence of GVC changes both the value and the sign of REER elasticity of exports.

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"Tesis ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penyatuan ekonomi Eropa (Integrasi Uni Eropa) yang ditandai dengan penyatuan mata uang negara-negara yang tergabung dalam Uni Eropa yaitu Euro. Sejak tanggal 1 Januari 2002. Peredar.m Euro sebagai alat tukar baru menggantikan uang nasional 12 negara anggota UE (Austria, Belgia, Belanda, Finlandia, frlandia, ltalia, Jerman, Luksemburg, Perancis, Portugal, Spanyol, Yunani) berlangsung relatif mulus. Apakab penyatuan mata uang tersebut akan berpengarub terbadap ekspor Indonesia, maka kam.i menganaJisa 6 (euarn) negara EU (Perancis, Jerman, Italia, Belgia Luxemburge, Belanda).Tujuan tesis ini adatah untuk mengkaji ekspor Indonesia terhadap 6 {eanam) Negara Uni Eropa, sejak mulai 1995 hingga tahun 2008 dan mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh GDP 6 {enam) negara Uni Eropa terhadap perkembangan Ekspor Indonesia. Analisis dalam tesis ini menggunakan data sekunder runtun waktu (time series). yang diambil dari data yang telah dipublikasikan oleh BPS dan European Statistic (Eurostat) dan data primer. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan data tersebut dianalisa dengan menggunakan analisis regresllinier berganda dengan metode Fix Effect. Dengan metode ini maka dapat dijelaskan variable-variabe1 yang mempengaruhi ekspor lndonesia, cara meningkatkan ekspor pemerintah, dan seberapa besar.

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This thesis is motivated by the economic unification of Europe is marked by the currency union countries that joined the European Union. Since January 1, 2002. Circulation of the Euro as a new tender to replace the national currency of 12 EU members (Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Germany, Luxembourg, France, Portugal, Spain, Greece) took place relatively smoothly. Is the currency union will affect the exports of Indonesia, then we analyze the 6 (six) EU countries (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium Luxemburg, Netherlands).The purpose of this thesis is to examine exports of Indonesia to 6 (six) European Union member, since the beginning of 1995 until the year 2008 and determine how far the influence of GDP, Exchange Rate (ER) and Single currency implementation of the European Union member on the development of Indonesian exports. The analysis in this thesis uses secondary data time series, derived from data published by BPS and the European Statistics (Eurostat) and the primary data. The results obtained on the basis of these data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis by the method of Fix Effect."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai agenda setting isu pekerja migran di ASEAN dalam politik luar negeri Indonesia periode kedua pemerintahan Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Serta strategi politik luar negeri Indonesia pada KTT ke-19 ASEAN tahun 2011 terutama dalam isu pekerja migrant. Selain itu peneliti akan menganalisa mengenai faktor-faktor internal dan ekstenal yang mempengaruhi perumusan strategi politik luar negeri Indonesia, pada khususnya strategi Indonesia dalam isu pekerja migrant pada KTT ke-19 ASEAN tahun 2011. Pada bagian ini akan dianalisa mengenai faktor-faktor internal yang mempengaruhi Indonesia dalam penyusunan dan perumusan politik luar negerinya. Serta faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi Indonesia dalam perumusan politik luar negerinya terdin atas posisi Indonesia dalam ASEAN tentang isu pekerja migrant dan tuntutan tanggung jawab dari negara besar kepada ASEAN untuk memperhatikan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) khususnya HAM para pekerja migrant.

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This thesis discusses the issue of setting the agenda in the ASEAN migrant workers in Indonesia?s foreign policy the second term of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Also Indonesia?s foreign policy strategy in the 19th ASEAN Summit in 2011, especially the issue of migrant workers. In addition the researchers will analyze the factors that affect the intemal and extemal formulation of Indonesia's foreign policy strategy, in particular Indonesia strategy on the issue of migrant Workers in the 19th ASEAN Summit in 2011. In this section we will analyze the intemal factors that affect Indonesia in the preparation and formulation of foreign policy. And extemal factors that affect Indonesia in the formulation of foreign policy consists of Indonesia in the ASEAN position on the issue of migrant Workers and demands great responsibility of the ASEAN countries to pay attention to Human Rights (HAM), particularly the human rights of migrant Workers."

"Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan krisis yang menyebabkan hampir seluruh organisasi profit mengalami kerugian finansial, pengurangan karyawan dan bahkan penutupan lini usaha. Dalam menghadapi krisis, analisis risiko dan kelancaran komunikasi internal organisasi merupakan isu kebijakan yang penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian empiris atas pengaruh organizational learning dalam mempengaruhi organizational resilience, serta efek mediasi strategic agility dan inovasi organisasi. Pengujian teori dilakukan dengan melakukan survei terhadap 169 perusahaan di dalam direktori industri manufaktur BPS 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis structural equation modelling (SEM), dimana hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara seluruh variabel yang diuji, yaitu organizational learning, strategic agility, serta inovasi organisasi terhadap organizational resilience. Efek mediasi oleh strategic agility dan inovasi organisasi juga menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan. Pembangunan kapabilitas dasar perlu diawali untuk membentuk organisasi yang kuat dalam situasi krisis. Organizational learning perlu dibentuk sebagai sistem di dalam organisasi. Kemudian, kebijakan learning diarahkan secara langsung kepada kapabilitas agility, inovasi, dan resilience. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel - variabel tersebut dapat membangun ketahanan organisasi dalam menghadapi krisis ekstrim.

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The Covid-19 pandemic is a crisis that has caused almost all profitable organizations to experience losses, layoffs of employees and even closure of business lines. In dealing with a crisis, risk analysis and smooth internal organizational communication are important policies. This study aims to conduct an empirical examination of the effect of organizational learning on organizational resilience, as well as the mediating effects of strategic agility and organizational innovation. Testing the theory was carried out by conducting a survei of 169 companies in the BPS 2021 manufacturing industry directory. This study used structural modeling equation analysis (SEM), where the results of the analysis showed that there was a significant positive relationship between all the variables tested, namely organizational learning, strategic agility, and organizational innovation on organizational resilience. The mediating effect by strategic agility and organizational innovation also shows significant results. Development of basic capabilities needs to be anticipated to form a strong organization in a crisis situation. Organizational learning needs to be formed as a system within the organization. Then, learning policies are directed directly to agility, innovation, and resilience capabilities. This shows that these variables can build organizational resilience in facing extreme crises"

"As major developing countries have limited domestic saving to generate capital accumulation, capital inflow plays substantial role to provide external financing. Several landmark literatures provide an empirical evidence that capital inflow contributed to the acceleration of economic growth through technology transfer, enhanced innovation, and capital accumulation. This research examines the role of capital inflow for the case of Indonesia using saving-investment relationship with quarterly data from 2000 to 2018. This study is comprised of three parts to measure the pattern of capital inflow in overall period, pre-global financial crisis, and post-crisis. Building on previous literature, this study will contribute to fill the gaps in existing literatures by employing error correction model (ECM) based on saving-investment framework of Feldstein-Horioka. This study found that over the whole sample period and post-crisis, both domestic saving and national saving in short-run, established low significant coefficient which signify high capital mobility, while in the long-run, domestic investment and saving have one-to-one relationship, which does not necessarily imply low capital mobility. The result on the pre-crisis period suggested that domestic saving and domestic investment is not statistically correlated for both short-run and long-run as there is not enough evidence to reject null hypothesis. This study confirms the growth theory model that suggests saving will be equal to investment in the steady state condition and the imbalance of saving and investment will be only transitory. "