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"Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) pada Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis presentase kelimpahan bentuk mikroplastik pada insang, lambung, dan usus ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) yang diperoleh dari Setu Babakan, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan di Setu Babakan dan Laboratorium Biologi Laut, Departemen Biologi FMIPA Universitas Indonesia. Sampel ikan Nila yang diteliti sebanyak 18 ekor dengan panjang berkisar 13-20 cm. Sampel diisolasi untuk kemudian dilakukan metode destruksi dengan menggunakan larutan HNO3 65% sehingga dapat dilakukan proses analisis kelimpahan dan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat total kelimpahan rata-rata pada sampel air permukaan sebesar 308,00 ± 128,29 partikel/liter; insang sebesar 7.820 ± 1.847 partikel/individu; pada sampel lambung sebesar 2.588,11 ± 751,33 partikel/individu; dan pada sampel usus sebesar 5.178,16 ± 2.098,55 partikel/individu. Total kelimpahan mikroplastik terbesar terdapat pada sampel insang dan terendah pada sampel lambung. Hasil uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan presentase bentuk mikroplastik (fiber, film, fragmen dan granula) yang signifikan pada sampel insang, lambung dan usus ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) di Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan

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Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, South Jakarta is widely consumed by the local communities. This study analyzed percentage abudance of microplastics form in the gills, stomach, and intestinal of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, South Jakarta. This study was conducted at Setu Babakan and Marine Biology Laboratory, Departement of Biology FMIPA UI, Depok. The samples of Nile Tilapia studied were 18 individuals with the same relative length between 13-20 cm. The sample were isolated in order to do the destruction methods with HNO3 65%, then analysis of abundance and shape of microplastics can be done. The results show that the average total abudance in the gills sample was 7.820 ± 1.847 particles/individual; in the stomach was 2.588,11 ± 751,33 particles/individual; and in the intenstine was 5.178,16 ± 2.098,55 particles/individuals. The highest total abudance of microplastics was found in the gills and the lowest in the stomach samples. The results from Kruskal-Wallis statistical test shows there was no significant difference in the percentage of microplastics form (fiber, film, fragment, and granules) in the gills, stomach, and intestinal samples of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) in Setu Babakan, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta."

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Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang terdegradasi di lingkungan dengan ukuran < 5 mm. Kandungan mikroplastik di perairan tawar berpotensi membahayakan kelangsungan hidup biota di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan dan persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) di Ciliwung daerah Srengseng Sawah, Jakarta Selatan. Insang dan saluran pencernaan (lambung dan usus) dari 10 sampel ikan nila diekstraksi dan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO₃) 65%. Sampel yang telah diekstraksi kemudian diberi larutan NaCl jenuh agar mikroplastik mengapung ke permukaan. Sampel diteteskan sebanyak 1 ml pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop dan dihitung jumlah mikroplastik berdasarkan bentuk partikelnya. Hasil penelitian terdapat kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel insang, lambung, dan usus ikan nila diantaranya bentuk fiber, film, fragmen, dan granula. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik di insang sebanyak 4.135 ± 3.297,20 partikel/ind, di lambung sebanyak 2.772 ± 1.030,43 partikel/ind, dan di usus sebanyak 3.598 ± 1.582,18 partikel/ind ditemukan pada ikan nila. Persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada ikan nila terdapat bentuk fiber sebesar 57,85% di insang; 53,21% di lambung dan 53,06% di usus.

 

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Microplastics are plastic particles that degrade in the environment with a size of <5 mm. The content of microplastics in freshwater has the potential to endanger the survival of the biota in it. This study aims to analyze the abundance and percentage composition of microplastic forms in the gills and digestive tract of Nile Tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Ciliwung, Srengseng Sawah, South Jakarta. The gills and digestive tract (stomach and intestines) of 10 samples of nile tilapia fish were extracted and crushed using a 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. The extracted sample is then given a saturated NaCl solution so that the microplastic floats to the surface. The sample was dropped as much as 1 ml into the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber and then observed under a microscope and the number of microplastics was calculated based on the shape of the particles. The results showed an abundance of microplastics in the samples of gill, stomach, and intestines of tilapia including the form of fiber, film, fragments, and granules. The total abundance of microplastics in the gills was 4.135 ± 3.297,20 particles / ind, 2.772 ± 1.030,43 particles / ind in the stomach, and 3.598 ± 1.582,18 particles / ind in the intestine, which was found in tilapia. The percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found predominantly in tilapia contained a fiber form of 57,85% in the gills; 53,21% in the stomach and 53,06% in the intestine.

 

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"Pencemaran mikroplastik menjadi ancaman bagi kehidupan biota. Mikroplastik yang terakumulasi dalam saluran pencernaan biota dapat menghambat pertumbuhan, mempengaruhi reproduksi, dan kerusakan organ internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan  bentuk mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus di Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Sampel air dan sedimen di ambil pada 3 stasiun pengambilan sampel dari situ. Sampel Ikan Nila diambil 5 ekor masing-masing pada 3 stasiun. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel air diambil 20 L dan disaring menggunakan plankton net. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan dalam oven sebanyak 25 gram. Larutan NaCl jenuh digunakan untuk memisahkan mikroplastik dengan pengotor. Sebanyak 1 mL sampel diteteskan pada Sedgewick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati dan dihitung berdasarkan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian pada Juli 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik berkisar antara 15,00-23,33 partikel L-1 pada air, 20.330,00-45.330,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 182,67-593,33 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 596,00-701,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik tersebut lebih rendah dari kelimpahannya pada September 2023, yaitu berkisar antara 24,33-34,67 partikel L-1 pada air, 31.000,00-65.670,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 317,33-744,00 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 844,00-1.120,00 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Bentuk mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah fragmen pada air, Ikan Nila, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikroplastik di Situ Rawa Besar seiring berjalannya waktu yang didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti peningkatan populasi, peningkatan sampah plastik, aktivitas antropogenik, dan curah hujan.

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Microplastic pollution poses a threat to the life of aquatic organisms. Accumulated microplastics in the digestive tracts of these organisms can hinder growth, affect reproduction, and cause internal organ damage. This research aims to determine the abundance and forms of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tracts of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Water and sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations in the lake. Five Nile Tilapia samples were taken from each station. Gill and digestive tract samples were digested using 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. Twenty liters of water were collected and filtered using a plankton net. Sediment samples were dried in an oven, with 25 grams used for analysis. A saturated NaCl solution was employed to separate microplastics from impurities. One milliliter of the sample was dropped onto a Sedgewick Rafter Chamber, then observed and counted based on microplastic forms under a microscope. The research results in July 2022 indicated that microplastic abundance ranged from 15.00 to 23.33 particles L-1 in water, 20,330.00 to 45,330.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 182.67 to 593.33 particles ind-1 in gills, and 596.00 to 701.33 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. These abundances were lower than those in September 2023, ranging from 24.33 to 34.67 particles L-1 in water, 31,000.00 to 65,670.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 317.33 to 744.00 particles ind-1 in gills, and 844.00 to 1,120.00 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. The most dominant form of microplastics was fragments in water, Nile Tilapia, and sediment. This research indicates an increase in the quantity of microplastics in Situ Rawa Besar over time, supported by factors such as population growth, increased plastic waste, anthropogenic activities, and rainfall."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, insang, dan saluran pencernaan ikan mujair Oreochromis mossambicus dan ikan setan merah Amphilophus labiatus yang terdapat di Situ Salam, Kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Sampel air diambil sebanyak 20 L lalu disaring menggunakan plankton net sampai volume air menjadi 200 ml sementara sampel ikan mujair dan ikan setan merah diambil masing-masing 10 ekor dengan jala lalu disimpan di wadah penyimpanan berisi formalin 40%. Ekstraksi sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Kelautan, Departemen Biologi, FMIPA UI dengan metode dekstruksi oleh HNO3 65% kemudian dilakukan analisis bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, rata-rata total kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air diperoleh 153,7 ± 44,2 partikel L-1, pada saluran pencernaan ikan mujair diperoleh 2.868 ± 723,5 partikel ind-1, pada saluran pencernaan ikan setan merah diperoleh 3.548,4 ± 1031,4 partikel ind-1, pada insang ikan mujair diperoleh 3.782,6 ± 1.171,6 partikel ind-1, dan pada insang ikan setan merah diperoleh 3.848 ± 863,1 partikel ind-1. Bentuk mikroplastik yang mendominasi pada air situ, saluran pencernaan, dan insang adalah bentuk fiber. Berdasarkan hasil Uji T Dua Sampel terhadap sampel insang dan pencernaan dari ikan mujair dan ikan setan merah menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan.

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Research has been carried out that aims to analyze the shape and microplastics in the water, gills, and digestive tract of tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus and red devil fish Amphilophus labiatus that found in Salam Lake, University of Indonesia Campus, Depok. Water samples were taken as much as 20 L and then filtered using a plankton net until the water volume became 200 ml while samples of tilapia fish and red devil fish were taken each with a net and stored in a storage container containing formalin 40%. Sample extraction was carried out at the Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA UI with the destruction method by HNO3 65% and then analyzed the shape and abundance of microplastics under a microscope. The results showed that the average total abundance of microplastics in water was 153,7 ± 44,2 L-1 particles, in the digestive tract of tilapia fish it was obtained 2.868 ± 723,5 ind-1 particles, in the digestive tract of red devil fish obtained 3.548,4 ± 1.031,4 ind-1 particles, in the gills of tilapia fish obtained 3.782,6 ± 1.171,6 ind-1 particles, and in the gills of red devil fish obtained 3.848 ± 863,1 particles ind-1. The predominant form of microplastic in the water, digestive tract, and gills is the form of fiber. Based on the results of the Two-Sample T-Test on gill and digestive samples of tilapia fish and red devil fish, there is no significant difference."

"Mikroplastik didefinisikan sebagai partikel plastik dengan ukuran <5 mm. Mikroplastik dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh organisme air khususnya ikan melalui oral dan insang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan mujair Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) serta menguji perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ikan mujair di Danau Kenanga dan Danau Agathis Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Biologi FMIPA UI, Depok. Sampel ikan mujair diperoleh sebanyak total 20 ekor dari kedua danau dengan panjang tubuh relatif antara 16--19 cm. Insang dan saluran pencernaan dari 20 sampel ikan mujair diisolasi, kemudian diekstraksi dan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel yang telah diekstraksi kemudian diberi larutan NaCl jenuh agar mikroplastik mengapung ke permukaan. Sampel diteteskan sebanyak 1 ml pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop dan dihitung jumlah mikroplastik berdasarkan bentuk partikelnya. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik pada air Danau Kenanga sebesar 1.766,6 ± 40,11 partikel/L, sementara total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik air pada Danau Agathis sebesar 1.885,53 ± 106,27 partikel/L. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik ikan mujair pada Danau Kenanga di insang sebanyak 6.232 ± 1.898,66 partikel/ind dan di saluran pencernaan sebanyak 9.108 ± 4.027,14 partikel/ind, sementara total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik ikan mujair pada Danau Agathis di insang sebanyak 6.716 ± 2.467,67 partikel/ind dan di saluran pencernaan sebanyak 4.038 ± 2.180,75 partikel/ind. Persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada Danau Kenanga terdapat bentuk fragmen sebesar 40% di air; fiber 80% di insang dan fiber 75% di saluran pencernaan, Sementara komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada Danau Agathis terdapat bentuk fiber sebesar 43% di air; 75% di insang dan 67% di saluran pencernaan. Hasil analisis statistik Uji Mann-Whittney menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ikan mujair di Danau Kenanga dan Danau Agathis, Universitas Indonesia.

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Microplastics are define as plastic particles with a size of <5 mm. Microplastics can enter the body of aquatic organisms, especially fish through the mouth and gills. This study aims to determine the shape and abundance of microplastics in water, gill and digestive tract tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) at Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia and to analyze and examine differences in the abundance of microplastics in tilapia fish at Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia. The study was conducted at Department of Biology FMIPA UI, Depok. Total 20 tilapia fish from the two lakes with relative length between 16--19 cm. Gills and digestive tract samples were obtained of tilapia fish were isolated, extracted and then crushed using a saturated solution of nitric acid (HNO3) 65%. The extracted sample is then given NaCl solution so that the microplastic floats to the surface. As much as 1 ml NaCl were dropped in the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber then observed under a microscope. The number of microplastic was calculated based on the type. The average total abundance of microplastics in the water of Kenanga Pond was 1.766,6 ± 40,11 particles/L, meanwhile the average total abundance of microplastics in the water of Agathis Pond was 1.885,53 ± 106,27 particles/L. The average total microplastics in tilapia gill at Kenanga Pond was 6.232 ± 1.898,66 particles/ind and in the digestive tract was 9.108 ± 4,027.14 particles/ind, meanwhile the average total abundance microplastics in tilapia gill at Agathis Pond was 6.716 ± 2.467,67 particles/ind and in the digestive tract was 4.038 ± 2.180,75 particles/ind. The percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found dominant at Kenanga Pond were as much as 40% fragments in the water; 80% fiber in the gills and 75% fiber in the digestive tract. Meanwhile, the percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found dominant at Agathis Pond were as much as 43% fiber in the water; 75% in the gills and 67% in the digestive tract. The results of the Mann-Whittney test statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference between abundance of microplastics in tilapia fish at of Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia."

"Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Sapu-sapu Pterygoplichtys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), Air, dan Sedimen di Ciliwung Daerah Tanjung Barat dan Daerah MT Haryono, Jakarta Selatan

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Abundance Analysis of Microplastic in Gills dan Digestive Tract of Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), Water, and Sediment in Tanjung Barat Area and MT Haryono Area, Ciliwung, South Jakarta"

"Plastik merupakan bahan stabilitas tinggi hasil polimerisasi monomer dengan tingkat penggunaan yang tinggi. Sampah plastik berbahaya bagi lingkungan karena partikel penyusunnya memiliki ketahanan dan kestabilan tinggi sehingga proses degradasinya berlangsung lama. Di lingkungan perairan, plastik akan mengalami degradasi atau penguraian menjadi partikel kecil yang disebut mikroplastik (<5 mm). Partikel mikroplastik berpotensi termakan oleh berbagai biota perairan sehingga membahayakan siklus rantai makanan melalui proses biomagnifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik mikroplastik (bentuk, ukuran, dan jenis polimer) pada air, sedimen dan ikan belanak Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) pada organ dan jaringan (daging, insang, saluran pencernaan) di Muara Sungai Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian ini diawali dengan pengambilan sampel dengan  air  diambil sebanyak 50 L lalu disaring menggunakan plankton net hingga tertampung volume air 1000 mL, sampel sedimen diambil menggunakan Vanveen grab hingga tertampung pada jar 500 mL dan sampel ikan belanak diambil 10 ekor menggunakan bubu. Ekstraksi sampel sedimen dilakukan dengan pemberian larutan NaCl jenuh dengan perbandingan 1 (sedimen): 2 (NaCl jenuh), kemudian diberi larutan H2O2 30% + FeSO4 0,05 M  dengan perbandingan 1:1 untuk sampel air dan sedimen. Ekstraksi sampel ikan dilakukan dengan mengambil jaringan dan organ yang digunakan, ditimbang dan dan diberi larutan KOH 10% sebanyak 50 mL. Sampel air, sedimen dan ikan disaring menggunakan kertas saring Whatman dan diidentifikasi mikroplastik menggunakan mikroskop olympus CX22LED. Analisis polimer mikroplastik dilakukan dengan metode Raman Spectroscopy. Uji statistik seperti uji kruskal-walis, one way anova, dan uji regresi spearman dan pearson digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata total kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air 710 ± 183,34  partikel meter-3, sedimen 879,63 ± 205,13 partikel Kg-1 dan ikan belanak 210,8 ± 108,80 partikel individu-1. Nilai kelimpahan mikroplastik ikan belanak jika diurutkan dari yang tertinggi hingga terkecil adalah daging, saluran pencernaan, dan insang. Secara keseluruhan, bentuk dan ukuran mikroplastik yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah fiber dan <300 µm. Polimer mikroplastik yang dominan adalah PET, PP, dan PVC. Berdasarkan hasil uji beda nyata kelimpahan mikroplastik antar organ dan jaringan ikan belanak menunjukan tidak memiliki perbedaannya yang signifikan. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukan adanya korelasi antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di air dan sedimen Muara Sungai Blanakan terhadap kelimpahan mikroplastik di ikan belanak.

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Plastik is a high-stability material resulting from the polymerization of monomers, with a high level of usage. In aquatic environments, plastic undergoes photo-oxidative degradation by UV radiation from the sun and chemical processes, leading to the breakdown of plastic waste into small particles known as microplastics (<5 mm). Microplastic particles have the potential to be ingested by various aquatic organisms, posing a risk to the food chain through biomagnification. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of microplastics in water, sediment, and the flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) in different organs and tissues (muscle, gills, digestive tract) in the Blanakan River Estuary, Subang, West Java, based on their shape, size, and polymer types. Water samples were collected in a volume of 50 L, filtered using a plankton net to obtain a final volume of 1000 mL. Sediment samples were collected using a Vanveen grab and stored in 500 mL jars, while flathead grey mullet samples were collected using bubu (10 individuals). Sediment sample extraction was performed using a saturated NaCl solution with a ratio of 1 (sediment) to 2 (saturated NaCl solution), followed by the addition of a 30% H2O2 + 0.05 M FeSO4 solution in a 1:1 ratio for water and sediment samples. Fish sample extraction involved weighing and placing the tissues and organs in a glass beaker, followed by the addition of a 10% KOH solution in a volume of 50 mL. The water, sediment, and fish samples were then filtered using Whatman filter paper with the assistance of a vacuum pump, and placed in Petri dishes for microplastic identification using an Olympus CX22LED microscope. Polymer analysis of microplastics was performed using Raman Spectroscopy. Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests were used to determine significant differences in the abundance and composition of microplastics (size and shape) in water, sediment, flathead grey mullet, and their respective organs. Spearman and Pearson correlation tests were used to investigate the influence of water and sediment, as well as morphometric values, on microplastic accumulation in flathead grey mullet. The research findings showed an average total abundance of microplastics in water to be 710 ± 183,34 particles meter-3, in sediment to be 879,63 ± 205,13 particles kilogram-1, and in flathead grey mullet to be 210,8 ± 108,80 particles individual-1. When ranked in descending order, the abundance of microplastics in the three parts of the flathead grey mullet were as follows: flesh, digestive tract, and gills. Overall, the most commonly found forms and sizes of microplastics were microplastic fibers and those below 300 µm. The polymer analysis revealed that the microplastics found in the Blanakan River Estuary were dominated by PET (40%),  PP (40%), and PVC (20%). Based on the significant difference test for microplastic abundance among different parts of the flathead grey mullet, no significant differences were found. The Spearman correlation test indicated a correlation between the abundance of microplastics in water and sediment in the Blanakan River Estuary and the abundance of microplastics in flathead grey mullet."

"Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm dan menjadi salah satu polutan di badan air. Mikroplastik termasuk emerging contaminant dan keberadaannya telah ditemukan di berbagai sungai. Sungai digunakan oleh manusia sebagai sumber air baku untuk air minum sehingga kualitasnya harus terjaga untuk mencegah dampak buruknya bagi manusia. Mikroplastik yang terakumulasi pada tubuh manusia dapat menyebabkan peradangan pada organ, cedera internal dan/atau eksternal, transformasi kandungan kimia plastik ke dalam tubuh, dan penurunan kesuburan. Penelitian perlu dilakukan di salah satu sungai dengan dampak terbesar di Jakarta, yaitu Sungai Ciliwung yang digunakan sebagai sumber air baku bagi masyarakat Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jumlah partikel mikroplastik, mengidentifikasi karakteristik partikel mikroplastik berdasarkan jenis, wana, dan material, serta menganalisis pengaruh kondisi cuaca terhadap kelimpahan partikel mikroplastik. Objek penelitian ini adalah air dan sedimen di Sungai Ciliwung dengan 7 titik lokasi pengambilan sampel dan 2 waktu pengambilan sampel. Pengambilan sampel air menggunakan plankton net untuk menyaring air sebanyak 10 liter. Preparasi sampel air dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan mikroplastik berdasarkan densitas, menghilangkan kandungan organik, menyaring dengan kertas saring, lalu menganalisis mikroplastik dengan mikroskop. Pengambilan sampel sedimen menggunakan Ekman grab sampler sebanyak 400 ml. Pengujian sampel sedimen hampir sama dengan sampel air dengan adanya penambahan pengeringan sampel menggunakan oven pada awal preparasi sampel. Analisis kelimpahan mikroplastik menggunakan metode adaptasi NOAA untuk air dan sedimen sungai. Identifikasi karakteristik material mikroplastik menggunakan uji FTIR untuk menghasilkan gugus ikatan kimia material. Analisis hubungan kelimpahan mikroplastik dengan cuaca dilakukan dengan paired t-test. Penelitian menghasilkan rata-rata kelimpahan pada air sebanyak 1.111 partikel/L dan pada sedimen sebanyak 1.583 partikel/100 gram. Jenis mikroplastik di Sungai Ciliwung ada fragmen, fiber, film, microbeads, dan foam dengan jenis paling mendominasi yaitu fragmen. Warna mikroplastik yang teridentifikasi di Sungai Ciliwung ada hitam, merah, biru, hijau, kuning, dan transparan, serta warna hitam merupakan warna dominan pada sampel. Material yang ditemukan pada sampel adalah Tencel, cellopha, cupra, PTFE, FEP, PVFM, dan silicon. Tencel adalah material yang ditemukan pada semua sampel. Cuaca tidak mempengaruhi kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kondisi curah hujan tinggi dan rendah.

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Microplastic is plastic particle that is less than 5 mm in size and is one of the pollutants in water bodies. Microplastics are emerging contaminants and their presence has been found in various rivers. Rivers are used by humans as a source of raw water for drinking water so that its quality must be maintained to prevent adverse effects on humans. Microplastics that accumulate in human body can cause inflammation of organs, internal and/or external injury, transformation of plastic chemical substances in human body, and decreased fertility. Research needs to be conducted in one of the rivers with the greatest impact in Jakarta, the Ciliwung River, which is used as a source of raw water for the people in Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the number of microplastic particles, identify the characteristics of microplastic particles based on type, color, and material, and analyze the effect of weather conditions on the abundance of microplastic particles. The object of this research is water and sediment in the Ciliwung River with 7 sampling locations and 2 sampling times. Water sampling used a plankton net to filter 10 liters of water. Preparation of water samples is done by separating microplastics based on density, removing organic content, filtering with filter paper, then analyzing microplastics with a microscope. Sediment sampling uses an Ekman grab sampler in the amount of 400 ml. Sediment sample testing is almost the same as water samples with the addition of drying samples using an oven at the beginning of sample preparation. Analysis of microplastic abundance uses the NOAA adaptation method for water and river sediments. Identification of microplastic material characteristics uses the FTIR test to produce material chemical bond. Analysis of the relationship between microplastic abundance and weather is done with paired t-test. The study resulted in an average abundance in water of 1,111 particles/L and in sediment of 1,583 particles/100 grams. The types of microplastics in the Ciliwung River are fragments, fibers, films, microbeads, and foam with the most dominating type is fragments. The color of microplastics identified in the Ciliwung River is black, red, blue, green, yellow, and transparent, and black is the dominant color in the sample. The materials found in the samples are Tencel, cellopha, cupra, PTFE, FEP, PVFM, and silicon. Tencel was the material found in all samples. Weather did not affect the abundance of microplastics in high and low rainfall conditions. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan bentuk-bentuk mikroplastik yang terakumulasi pada air dan sedimen, menganalisis dan membandingkan jumlah kelimpahan mikroplastik pada saluran pencernaan bulu babi Diadema setosum yang diambil dari Gugusan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Pengamblan sampel air, sedimen dilakukan bedasarkan tiga titik mengelilingi pulau dan sampel bulu babi Diadema setosum dilakukan dari 10 lokasi berbeda mengelilingi pulau. Sampel air sebanyak 20 liter disaring dengan plankton net 300 µ, sampel sedimen sebanyak 200 gram dikeringkan menggunakan oven, dan saluran pencernaan bulu babi di larutkan menggunakan HNO3 65%. Semua sampel dijenuhkan dengan larutan NaCl agar partikel mikroplastik mengapung di permukaan. Setiap sampel diambil sebanyak 1 ml, kemudian diletakan di kamar hitung Sedgewick rafter untuk diamati dibawah mikroskop dan dihitung bedasarkan jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kelimpahan mikroplastik paling tinggi pada Pulau Panggang sejumlah 148,00 partikel L-1 pada air, 217.100 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, dan 1.264,00 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan bulu babi. Disusul oleh Pulau Pramuka dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik sejumlah 132,67 partikel L-1 pada air, 136.800 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, dan 1.082,7 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan bulu babi.. Jumlah kelimpahan mikroplastik terendah ada pada Pulau Semak Daun sejumlah 92,67 partikel L-1 pada air, 121.066 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, dan 923,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan bulu babi. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan jumlah kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel saluran pencernaan bulu babi pada Pulau Panggang, Pulau Pramuka, dan Pulau Semak Daun.

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This study aims to analyze the abundance of forms of microplastics that accumulate in water and sediment, analyze and compare the abundance of microplastics in the digestive tract ofsea ​​urchins Diadema setosum taken from the Pramuka Island Cluster, Seribu Islands, Jakarta. Water and sediment samples were taken from three points around the island and samples ofsea ​​urchins were Diadema setosum taken from 10 different locations around the island. A 20 liter water sample was filtered with a plankton net of 300 , a sediment sample of 200 grams was dried using an oven, and the digestive tract of sea urchins was dissolved using 65% HNO3. All samples were saturated with NaCl solution so that the microplastic particles floated on the surface. Each sample was taken as much as 1 ml, then placed in thecounting room Sedgewick rafter to be observed under a microscope and calculated based on the type of microplastic found. The results showed that the highest abundance of microplastics was on Panggang Island with 148.00 L-1 particles in water, 217,100 kg-1 particles in sediment, and 1,264,00 ind-1 particles in the digestive tract of sea urchins. Followed by Pramuka Island with an abundance of microplastics of 132.67 L-particles1 in water, 136,800 kg-particles1 in sediments, and 1,082.7 ind-particles1 in the digestive tract of sea urchins.. The lowest abundance of microplastics was found on Pulau Semak Daun with 92.67 particles L-1 in water, 121,066 particles kg-1 in sediments, and 923.33 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract of sea urchins. There were significant differences in the abundance of microplastics in the digestive tract samples of sea urchins on Panggang Island, Pramuka Island, and Semak Daun Island."

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya polusi plastik yang menyebabkan pencemaran mikroplastik di perairan air tawar. Situ Rawa Besar, Depok merupakan salah satu situ yang tercemar oleh mikroplastik akibat aktivitas manusia di sekitarnya. Mikroplastik dapat berdampak negatif bagi organisme akuatik seperti ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis yang merupakan spesies invasif dan bioindikator pencemaran mikroplastik di situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan sapu-sapu di Situ Rawa Besar serta menguji perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tahun 2022 dengan 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif untuk menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan sapu-sapu di Situ Rawa Besar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun. Parameter fisika-kimia air seperti suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, dan kecerahan air diukur secara in situ. Sampel air 20 L disaring menggunakan plankton net dan sampel sedimen diambil menggunakan Ekman grab dan dikeringkan dengan oven, lalu ditambahkan larutan NaCl jenuh. Sampel ikan sapu-sapu diambil sebanyak 15 ekor dengan menggunakan jaring ikan. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan dipisahkan dengan menggunakan dissecting set dan dilarutkan dengan HNO3 kemudian ditambahkan larutan NaCl jenuh. Perhitungan partikel mikroplastik dilakukan di bawah mikroskop dan sampel diletakkan pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber. Mikroplastik dianalisis kelimpahannya dan diklasifikasikan menurut bentuknya (pellet, fiber, film, dan fragmen) serta dihitung persentase komposisi mikroplastik dalam sampel. Hasil penelitian pada tahun 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik berkisar antara 12,67 – 20,33 partikel L-1 pada air, 14.400,00-38.400,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 250,67-386,67 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 313,33-369,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik tersebut lebih rendah dari kelimpahannya pada tahun 2023, yaitu berkisar antara 14,67-32,00 partikel L-1 pada air, 16.533,33-41.600,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 333,33-446,67 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 429,33-502,67 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Bentuk mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah fiber pada air dan ikan sapu-sapu, fragmen pada sedimen. Warna mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah biru pada air dan sedimen, hitam pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan sapu-sapu. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tahun 2023 lebih tinggi dibandingkan tahun 2022, dengan peningkatan sebesar 15,24% pada insang, 24,25% pada saluran pencernaan, 27,91% pada air, dan 7,12% pada sedimen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikroplastik di Situ Rawa Besar seiring berjalannya waktu yang didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti peningkatan populasi, peningkatan sampah plastik, aktivitas antropogenik, dan curah hujan.

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This research was motivated by the increasing plastic pollution that causes microplastic contamination in freshwater bodies. Situ Rawa Besar, Depok is one of the lakes that is polluted by microplastics due to human activities around it. Microplastics can have negative impacts on aquatic organisms such as Amazon Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis which is an invasive species and a bioindicator of microplastic pollution in the lake. This research aims to analyze the abundance, shape and color of microplastics in water, sediment, gills and digestive tract of sailfin catfish in Situ Rawa Besar and to test the difference in microplastic abundance between 2022 and 2023. This research uses descriptive quantitative method to analyze the abundance, shape and color of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tract of sailfin catfish in Situ Rawa Besar. Sampling was done at three stations. Physico-chemical parameters of water such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and water clarity were measured in situ. Water samples of 20 L were filtered using plankton net and sediment samples were taken using Ekman grab and dried with oven, then added with saturated NaCl solution. Sailfin catfish samples were taken as many as 15 individuals using fish net. Gill and digestive tract samples were separated using dissecting set and dissolved with HNO3 then added with saturated NaCl solution. Microplastic particle counting was done under microscope and samples were placed on Sedgwick Rafter Chamber. Microplastics were analyzed for their abundance and classified according to their shape (pellet, fiber, film, and fragment) and the percentage composition of microplastics in the sample was calculated. The results of the research in 2022 showed that the abundance of microplastics ranged from 12.67-20.33 particles L-1 in water, 14,400.00-38,400.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 250.67-386.67 particles ind-1 in gills, and 313.33-369.33 particles ind-1 in digestive tract. The abundance of microplastics was lower than its abundance in 2023, which ranged from 14.67-32.00 particles L-1 in water, 16,533.33-41,600.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 333.33-446.67 particles ind-1 in gills, and 429.33-502.67 particles ind-1 in digestive tract. The most dominant shape of microplastics was fiber in water and sailfin catfish, fragment in sediment and digestive tract of sailfin catfish. The most dominant color of microplastics was blue in water and sediment, black in gills and digestive tract of sailfin catfish. The abundance of microplastics increased from 2022 to 2023, with an increase of 15.24% in gills, 24.25% in digestive tract, 27.91% in water, and 7.12% in sediment. This research shows an increase in the number of microplastics in Situ Rawa Besar over time supported by several factors such as population growth, increased plastic waste, anthropogenic activities, and rainfall."