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"The availability of power plants is of utmost importance in a power system. The availlability of a power plant is determined by its reliability and maintainability, which results from the plant’s maintenance program. Commonly used maintenance techniques for power plants include reliability-centered maintenance (RCM), risk-based maintenance (RBM), and condition-based maintenance (CBM) as well as their combination. This study aims to analyze the respective system availability that results from each of the three maintenance techniques and examines the system availability of the integrated maintenance technique, which is based on reliability, risk, and condition. The availability analysis is performed by developing a mathematical model based on the maintenance programs produced by each maintenance technique. The availabilities of the RCM, RBM, CBM, and integrated maintenance techniques are 81.56%, 81.02%, 84.92%, and 90.07%, respectively."

"ABSTRAKKetersediaan sistem pembangkit tenaga listrik dipengaruhi oleh keandalan suku cadang dan manajemen pemeliharaan yang berdampak pada maintainability. RCM Reliability Centered Maintenance , RBM Risk Based Maintenance , dan CBM Condition Based Maintenance atau gabungan RCM dan RBM, atau RCM dan CBM telah diterapkan pada pembangkit tenaga listrik. Setiap teknik pemeliharaan menghasilkan maintenance work packages. Implementasi RCM, RBM dan CBM secara terintegrasi akan menghasilkan maintenance work packages yang akan meningkatkan ketersediaan pembangkit listrik lebih signifikan dibandingkan penggunaan masing-masing teknik pemeliharaan atau gabungan dua teknik pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan teknik pemeliharaan berbasis keandalan, risiko dan kondisi yang disebut Teknik Pemeliharaan Terintegrasi TPT . Tahapan TPT sebagai berikut: menentukan pohon fungsi, rekaman data kerusakan, FMEA Failure Mode Effect Analysis , FTA Fault Tree Analysis , risk analysis, yang kemudian menghasilkan MPI Maintenance Prioritization Index , FDT Failure Defense Task , integrated maintenance program yang dilakukan condition monitoring assessment, analisis keandalan maintainability dan hasil. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan model matematis, dan dilakukan simulasi untuk menganalisis ketersediaan yang dihasilkan teknik pemeliharaan. Tingkat ketersediaan RCM, RBM, CBM dan TPT sebagai berikut 81,56 , 81,02 , 84,92 , dan 90,07 . Penerapan TPT pada PLTU objek penelitian telah menghasilkan peningkatan ketersediaan dari 76,95 2008 ndash; 2012 atau 81,84 2010 ndash; 2012 menjadi 92,59 2013 ndash; Mei 2015 .

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ABSTRACTAvailability of thermal power plant is influenced by the reliability of spare parts and maintenance management that affect maintainability. RCM Reliability Centered Maintenance , RBM Risk Based Maintenance , and CBM Condition Based Maintenance or combined RCM and RBM or RCM and CBM have been applied in thermal power. Each maintenance technique will generate each maintenance work packages. Implementation of RCM, RBM and CBM maintenance techniques in an integrated manner will result in maintenance work packages that will increase the availability of power plants more significantly than the use of each maintenance technique or a combination of two maintenance techniques. This research integrates maintenance techniques based on reliability, risks and conditions, called Integrated Maintenance Techniques TPT , which consists of 10 steps determining function tree, operation records, FMEA Failure Mode Effect Analysis , FTA Fault Tree Analysis , risk analysis, which then produce MPI Maintenance Prioritization Index , FDT Failure Defense Task , integrated maintenance program conducted by condition monitoring assessment, reliability maintainability analysis and results. This research developed a mathematical model, and then performed a simulation to analyze the availability produced by each maintenance technique. Availability of RCM, RBM, CBM and TPT is as follows 81.56 , 81.02 , 84.92 , and 90.07 . The implementation of TPT in thermal power plant of research object has resulted in an increase of thermal power plant availability from 76.95 2008 2012 or 81.84 2010 2012 to 92.59 2013 May 2015 ."

"This book presents selected topics in implementing a risk-based approach for complex engineering systems in general, and nuclear plants in particular. It addresses gap areas in implementing the risk-based approach to design, operation and regulation, covering materials reliability, digital system reliability, software reliability, human factor considerations, condition monitoring and prognosis, structural aspects in risk-based design as well as the application aspects like asset management for first-of-their-kind projects, strategic management and other academic aspect. Chapters are authored by renowned experts who address some of the identified challenges in implementation of risk-based approach in a clear and cogent manner, using illustrations, tables and photographs for ease of communication. This book will prove useful to researchers, professionals, and students alike."

"ABSTRAKKonversi BBM ke BBG sangat gencar dilakukan pemerintah saat ini, maka dari itu salah satunya dibangun infrastruktur penyaluran gas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan industri dan transportasi. Salah satu yang dilakukan adalah penyaluran LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) dengan fasilitas penerimanya menggunakan FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit). Pada skripsi ini, dilakukan analisis resiko dengan metode HAZID (Hazard Identification) pada salah satu infrastruktur unit FSRU yaitu unit penerima LNG yang terdapat fasilitas regasifikasi LNG menjadi gas alam yang dipasok untuk memenuhi kebutuhan PLTU dan Transportasi di kawasan Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Utara. Selanjutnya, dilakukan kajian menggunakan metode Value Engineering untuk mengetahui seberapa besar biaya yang ditambahkan untuk mengurangi resiko bahaya yang ada pada FSRU tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan nilai resiko dari tiap unit di FSRU rata-rata keseluruhan adalah terdapat pada zona ALARP, dan setelah dilakukan escalation guard, resiko dapat diturunkan pada zona Medium, dan membutuhkan total biaya penambahan sebesar Rp. 299.700.000 yaitu 0,006% dari total biaya proyek FSRU tersebut

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AbstractConverting Fuels to Fuel Gas is incentive to do the current government, and therefore one of them built of gas supply infrastructure to meet the needs of industry and transportation. One that does is the distribution of LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) with the receiver using the FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit). In this study, the risk analysis performed by the method of HAZID (Hazard Identification) infrastructure in one of the receiver unit FSRU LNG regasification facility located LNG into natural gas is supplied to meet the needs of the plant and transport in the area of Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. Furthermore, studies conducted using Value Engineering to find out how much cost is added to reduce the risk of danger that existed at the FSRU. From the results of this study found the risk value of each unit in the overall average FSRU is the ALARP zone, and after escalation guard, the risk can be reduced to Medium zone, and requires the addition of the total cost of Rp. 299.7 million is 0.006% of the total project cost of the FSRU."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis keandalan dan penugasan pemeliharaan prevenetine pada mobile gasifier (P3). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan interval perawatan preventif untuk meningkatkan kinerja mobile gasifier (P3) karena saat ini jadwal perawatan preventif belum dibuat sehingga ketersediaan mobile gasifier (P3) semakin berkurang. Dengan analisis Reliability dan analisis risiko, ditemukan 12 komponen yang menyebabkan kegagalan mobile gasifier (P3), 12 diantaranya membutuhkan aktivitas perawatan Bucket Elevator dengan interval 5,5 jam, Rotary Feeder dengan interval 15,6 jam, pemeliharaan Vibrating Grate dengan 4 jam, perawatan Cyclone dengan interval 17,63 jam, perawatan Condensor dengan interval 55 jam, perawatan Primary Blower dengan interval 35 jam, perawatan Suction Blower dengan interval 3 jam, perawatan Screw Ash Removal dengan interval 22,4 jam, perawatan Reaktor dengan interval 30 jam, perawatan PLC dengan interval 42,5 jam dan perawatan Engine dengan interval 24,85 jam.

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This research discuss about the reliability analysis and prevenetine maintenance assignment on mobile gasifier ( P3).  The purpose of this research is to get the interval of preventive maintenance to improve mobile gasifier (P3) performance because currently the preventive  maintenance schedule has not been made  so the availability of mobile gasifier (P3) decreasing. With Reliability analysis and risk analysis, 12 componentrs that were found to cause mobile gasifier (P3) failure, 12 of them require maintenance activity Bucket Elevator with 5,5 hours interval, Rotary Feeder with 15,6 hours interval, Vibrating Grate maintenance with 4 hours interval, Cyclone maintenance with 17,63 hours interval, Condensor maintenance with 55 hours interval, Primary Blower maintenance with 35 hours interval, Suction Blower maintenance with 3 hours interval, Screw Ash Removal maintenance with 22,4 hours interval, Reactor maintenance with 30 hours interval, PLC maintenance with 42,5 hours interval and Engine maintenance with 24,85 hours interval."

"In the last twenty years considerable progress has been made in process risk and reliability management, particularly in regard to regulatory compliance. Many companies are now looking to go beyond mere compliance; they are expanding their process safety management (PSM) programs to improve performance not just in safety, but also in environmental compliance, quality control and overall profitability. Techniques and principles are illustrated with numerous examples from chemical plants, refineries, transportation, pipelines and offshore oil and gas.This book helps executives, managers and technical professionals achieve not only their current PSM goals, but also to make the transition to a broader operational integrity strategy. The book focuses on the energy and process industries- from refineries, to pipelines, chemical plants, transportation, energy and offshore facilities. The techniques described in the book can also be applied to a wide range of non-process industries.The book is both thorough and practical. It discusses theoretical principles in a wide variety of areas such as management of change, risk analysis and incident investigation, and then goes on to show how these principles work in practice, either in the design office or in an operating facility. The second edition has been expanded, revised and updated and many new sections have been added including: The impact of resource limitations, a review of some recent major incidents, the value of story-telling as a means of conveying process safety values and principles, and the impact of the proposed changes to the OSHA PSM standard."

"Manajemen keandalan merupakan kegiatan untuk menjamin tidak terjadinya kegagalan pada seluruh peralatan saat dioperasikan, tidak mengalami derating, dengan biaya optimum, dengan meminimalkan atau menghilangkan kegagalan dan penyebabnya, serta melakukan optimasi. Diawali dengan melakukan prioritas keandalan sistem dan peralatan (SERP) yang memberikan hasil berupa prioritas aset yang harus dilakukan perbaikan yaitu sistem eksitasi. Selanjutnya sistem eksitasi tersebut digunakan sebagai masukan untuk proses Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Hasil dari proses FMEA adalah Failure Defense Task (FDT) yang termasuk tugas, pemeliharaan, dan rekomendasi perbaikan. Total penghematan biaya sebelum dan setelah dilakukan manajemen aset adalah sebesar Rp. 1.334.106.000 (menggunakan bb gas) dan Rp. 4.992.660.000 (menggunakan bahan bakar HSD).

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Reliability Management is a guarantee product to prevent from failure and derating on all operation equipment, with optimum price the objective is to decrease failure and the root cause, so it will get a high efficiency. Start with System Equipment Reliability Prioritization (SERP) process that show the priority asset that need improvement which is excitation system. Those excitation system is use as an input for Failure Mode Effects Analysis Process. The output of FMEA is a Failure Defense Task (FDT) which include task, maintenance, and repair recommendation. Total saving cost before and after implementation management asset is Rp. 1.334.106.000,- (Using Petroleum) and Rp. 4.992.660.000 (using High Speed Diesel)."

"Kehandalan merupakan suatu pertimbangan penting yang tidak dapat terpisahkan lagi pada industri kertas, terutama pada hal pemeliharaan. Pemeliharaan yang baik ketika direncanakan dengan baik dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan mesin atau peralatan. Masalah yang dihadapi pada Paper Machine pada PT Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Tbk Tangerang adalah rendahnya tingkat kehandalan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi subsistem kritikal penyebab rendahnya kehandalan dan untuk mengetahui interval Planned Shutdown Maintenance yang optimal. Dengan menggunakan data kegagalan mesin dan dengan menggunakan Software Weibbul++7 maka bisa diperoleh perkiraan kehandalan masing-masing subsistem untuk interval waktu yang berbeda. Dari perkiraan kehandalan tersebut dan dengan menggunakan Reliability Importance Measure maka dapat diidentifikasi kritikal subsistem. Dengan menggunakan perkiraan kehandalan pula dapat dicari interval Planed Scheduled Maintenance yang optimal dan bisa dicari pula proyeksi ketersediaan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa Press Part merupakan subsistem paling kritikal, kemudian disusul Dryer Part dan yang terakhir adalah Wire Part. Sedangkan untuk interval pemeliharaan yang optimal didapat pada interval 240 jam atau 3 kali tiap bulan. Dengan interval ini diproyeksikan akan mampu menurunkan frekuensi frekuensi kegagalan dari 424 kali menjadi 147 kali, menurunkan durasi kegagalan turun dari 514 jam menjadi 176 jam dan meningkatnya ketersediaan dari 95.5% menjadi 97.35%.

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Reliability is an important consideration that can not be separated at paper industry, especially in maintenance. The right maintenance is when well planned and adjusted to the need of machinery or equipment. The problems faced at Paper Machine of PT Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Tbk Tangerang is low reliability. The purpose of this study is to identify the critical subsystems that causes low reliability and to determine the optimal interval of scheduled planned shutdown maintenance.

By using the paper machine failure data and Weibbul Software + +7 then can be obtained the reliability estimation for each subsystem for different time intervals. By using reliability estimation for each subsystem and using Reliability Importance Measure then critical subsystem can be identified. By using the reliability estimation also can be define optimal Scheduled Planed Maintenance interval and can be also define the projected availability.

As a results of the analysis show that the Press Part is the most critical subsystem, and then followed by Dryer Part and the last is the Wire Part. Then the optimal Scheduled Planed Maintenance interval found at interval of 240 hours or three times for every month. With this interval is projected to be able to reduce the frequency of failure from 424 times to 147 times, reducing the duration of failure from 514 hours to 176 hours and increasing availability from 95.5% to 97.35%."

"Pelabuhan merupakan sarana penting dalam bidang transportasi laut. Ketika kebutuhan akan transportasi meningkat semakin meningkat pula jumlah kecelakaan yang terjadi, khususnya kecelakaan di area pelabuhan. Analisis dan investigasi yang dilakukan masih kurang optimal dalam menyelesaikan akar penyebab kecelakaan ini. Dengan menggunakan Metode analisis keselamatan probabilistik penyebab dasar dari kecelakaan tersebut dapat diketahui. Dengan mengetahui penyebab dasar dari kecelakaan tersebut diharapkan dapat dilakukan tindakan pencegahan agar angka kecelakaan tersebut dapat ditekan sekecil mungkin. Hasil dari analisis kecelakaan dapat dijadikan rekomendasi kepada para stakeholder di bidang transportasi laut.

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Seaport is an important facility in the field of maritime transport. Increasing maritime transport also increase the amount of accidents that occur, especially accidents in the port area. Analysis and investigations conducted still less than optimal in addressing the root causes of this accident. By using the method of probabilistic safety analysis of the basic causes of the accident can be determined. By knowing the basic cause of the accident is expected to be a precaution that the accident rate can be as small as possible. The analysis results of the accident can be used as a recommendation to the marine transportation stakeholders."

"Telah menjadi fenomena dewasa ini bahwa Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap menghadapi tuntutan peningkatan ketersediaan jam kerja. Keputusan kegiatan pemeliharaan yang tepat mampu menghasilkan penjadwalan kegiatan pemeliharaan yang menjawab kebutuhan tersebut. Penelitian ini mengajukan model pengambilan keputusan pemeliharaan berbasis risiko dengan mempertimbangkan opsi-opsi kegiatan pemeliharaan sesuai dengan konsep Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). Dalam model ini, Failure Mode Effect Critical Analysis (FMECA) digunakan untuk identifikasi dan membuat prioritas risiko. Selanjutnya, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) digunakan untuk menghimpun pilihan pakar atas opsi bagi tiap risiko. Model ini dituangkan dalam bentuk Logic Tree. Dalam sebuah studi kasus, melalui Criticality Analysis dibuktikan bahwa model ini dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan jam kerja dan menurunkan biaya pemeliharaan.

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Nowadays, the demand for electricity is increasing and Steam Power Plant needs to increase its availability. A good maintenance decision will produce a good maintenance schedule that addresses the problem. This research proposes a model of risk-based maintenance decision making by considering options provided by the concept of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). In this model, Failure Mode Effect Critical Analysis (FMECA) is used to identify and prioritize risks. Next, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to compute experts? choices on maintenance activity for each risk. This model is then translated into Logic Tree for user acceptance (friendlier use). In a case study, through Criticality Analysis, it is shown that the proposed model is able to increase availability and also decrease cost of maintenance."