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"Remaja dengan kelebihan berat badan harus diintervensi agar tidak menjadi orang dewasa dengan obesitas. Berkembangnya patient-centered care sebagai upaya pemberdayaan diri dapat menjadi pendekatan terpilih. Dibutuhkan motivasi besar dalam menjalani proses perubahan perilaku. Coaching dilakukan untuk mendampingi klien (coachee) agar mampu mengoptimalkan potensi sehingga memiliki sikap positif, mental yang kuat, dan gaya hidup yang lebih baik. Belum ada penelitian yang mengidentifikasi keberhasilan patient-centered care berbasis pemberdayaan diri dengan metode coaching pada mahasiswa obesitas.Penelitian dilakukan dengan mixed method dalam tiga tahap. Tahap 1 merupakan studi potong lintang untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap dampak obesitas bagi kesehatan. Kuesioner daring terdiri dari identitas, data antropometri, S-Weight, dan P-Weight. Tahap 2 dilakukan pengembangan model pelayanan dengan cara melaksanakan focus group discussion. Peserta diskusi adalah pakar di tingkat mikro, meso dan makro sistem layanan kesehatan. Tahap 3 menilai kemamputerapan dan efektivitas model layanan yang dikembangkan. Studi dilakukan pada dua kelompok mahasiswa obesitas (usia 18-24 tahun) yang dibagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Pada kedua kelompok diberlakukan model layanan yang sama yaitu pengukuran status antropometrik dan komposisi tubuh, pengisian kuesioner pada awal program, edukasi, dan kembali dilakukan pengukuran status antropometrik dan komposisi tubuh serta pengisian kuesioner pada akhir program. Pada kelompok intervensi ditambahkan uji coba coaching sebanyak 6 sesi setiap dua minggu. Pengukuran awal dan akhir berjarak 3 bulan.Tahap 1 diperoleh 134 mahasiswa obesitas (respons rate 14.1%). Teridentifikasi responden berada pada tahap kontemplasi (35,8%) dan aksi (35,1%) terhadap perubahan perilaku dalam proses menurunkan berat badan. Kesiapan responden bersifat positif (76,9%) pada emosi, dan bersifat negatif pada konsekuensi, dukungan, dan aksi dalam menurunkan berat badan.Tahap 2 dilaksanakan dua tahap FGD terhadap 2 kelompok @ 10 orang. Teridentifikasi bahwa program penurunan berat badan harus diinisiasi dengan membangkitkan rasa kebutuhan untuk lebih sehat dengan berat badan yang ideal. Program harus bersifat personal. Diperlukan dukungan lingkungan seperti ketersediaan makanan sehat dan sarana untuk beraktivitas. Program harus merupakan program yang menimbulkan dukungan terhadap peserta, profesional, dan tersedia di layanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut disusun metode coaching yang sesuai dengan patient-centered care berbasis pemberdayaan diri bagi mahasiswa obesitas dalam program penurunan berat badan. Program terdiri dari 6 sesi coaching. Setiap tema dalam sesi coaching menggunakan langkah SMART dan diberi nama “From Fat to Fit with SMART Program”. Program dilaksanakan dalam waktu 3 bulan. Tema berturut-turut adalah healthy behavior habit, vision strategy, body self-image, timeline perspective/ state line exercise, happiness model, dan healthy behavior habit/ vision board. Kedua kelompok mendapatkan edukasi mengenai dampak obesitas bagi kesehatan, prinsip gizi seimbang, aktivitas fisik dan hidrasi yang sesuai bagi remaja dari para ahli yang terdiri dari spesialis penyakit dalam, spesialis gizi klinik, dan spesialis kedokteran olahraga yang dilakukan secara daring. Pengukuran antropometri, komposisi tubuh (menggunakan Bioelectric Impedance Analysis), pemantauan asupan makanan (menggunakan formulir food record), pemantauan aktivitas fisik (menggunakan bouchard activity record), pemberdayaan diri (menggunakan kuesioner subjective wellbeing dan skala kepuasan healthy behavior habit), dibandingkan antara dua kelompok menggunakan uji T berpasangan (jika distribusi data normal) dan uji Mann-Whitney (jika distribusi data tidak normal).Tahap 3 diawali dengan penerapan program terhadap dua kelompok @ 30 mahasiswa obesitas. Peserta dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan coaching dari health coach yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan sebelumnya dari coach bersertifikat Internasional. Seorang health coach mendampingi 4 mahasiswa obesitas. Health coach berjumlah 8 orang yang terdiri dari dokter spesialis kedokteran keluarga layanan primer, dokter spesialis penyakit dalam, dokter spesialis kedokteran olahraga, dokter pengelola program studi fakultas, dan coach yang berpengalaman dengan pendekatan coaching di tempat kerjanya. Sesi coaching dibagi menjadi enam pertemuan setiap dua minggu secara daring melalui media zoom meeting dengan bantuan host dari tim peneliti. Namun, meningkatnya kondisi PPKM (pemberlakuan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat) pada tahap ini, mahasiswa yang berhasil menyelesaikan program adalah 23 mahasiswa kelompok intervensi dan 18 mahasiswa kelompok kontrol.Nilai perubahan pada kelompok intervensi secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol pada komponen total lemak tubuh [-0.9 (-12,9, 0,70) vs 0,0 (-6,9, 3,50), p=0,02) dan healthy behavior habit [13.5 ± 11,85 vs 7,5 ± 8,08, p=0,04]. Nilai perubahan skala kepuasan healthy behavior habit secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol pada aspek hobby/passion [2(-4,6) vs 1(-2,2), p=0,02], movement exercise [2,3 ± 2,11 vs 1,2 ±1,93, p=0,03], sleep rest [2(-6,5) vs 1(-3,2), p=0,01], dan spiritual [1(0,6) vs 0( -1,3), p=0,00].

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Adolescents with excess weight should be intervened so as not to become adults with obesity. The development of patient-centred services as an effort to empower oneself could be the approach of choice. It takes great motivation in undergoing the process of behaviour change. Coaching is carried out to assist the client (coachee) to optimize their potential so that they had a positive attitude, strong mentality, and a healthier lifestyle. There has been no research that has identified the success of patient-centred care based on self-empowerment with coaching methods for obese students.

Mixed method research were in three stages. Phase 1 was a cross-sectional study to identify students' perceptions of the impact of obesity on health. The online questionnaire consisted of identity, anthropometric data, S-Weight, and P-Weight. Phase 2 was developing a service model by conducting focus group discussions. Discussion participants were experts at the micro, meso, and macro levels of the health care system. Phase 3 assessed the applicability and effectiveness of the developed service model. The study was conducted on two groups of obese college students (aged 18-24 years) in the intervention group and the control group. Both groups were subjected to the same service model, namely an initial physical examination, a questionnaire at the beginning of the service, and education about how to lose weight. A final physical examination and questionnaire were carried out at the end of the program. However, the intervention group was given a coaching method. Initial and final examinations were 3 months apart.

Phase 1 obtained 134 obese students (response rate of 14.1%). Respondents identified as being in the contemplation stage (35.8%) and action (35.1%) on behaviour change in the process of losing weight. Respondents' readiness was positive (76.9%) on emotions about losing weight and was negative in terms of consequences, support, and action in losing weight.

Phase 2 was carried out in 2 stages of FGD with 2 groups of 10 people. It was identified that a weight loss program should be initiated by generating a sense of the need to be healthier with ideal body weight. Programs should be personal. Environmental support was needed such as the availability of healthy food and facilities for activities. The intervention program should be a program that creates support for participants, professional, and available in health services. Based on this, a coaching method was developed following patient-centred care based on self-empowerment for students with obesity in weight loss programs. The program consisted of 6 coaching sessions. Each session used SMART steps. Each coaching session was themed sequentially and was named “From Fat to Fit with SMART Program”. The program was implemented within 3 months. The successive themes of the coaching session were healthy behaviour habits, vision strategy, body self-image, timeline perspective/ state line exercise, happiness model, and healthy behaviour habit/ vision board. Both groups received online education about obesity, balanced diet, physical activity and hydration from experts consisting of internal medicine specialists, clinical nutrition specialists, and sports medicine specialists. Anthropometric measurements, body composition (using Bioelectric Impedance Analysis), monitoring food intake (using a food record form), monitoring physical activity (using a bouchard activity record), self-empowerment (using a subjective wellbeing questionnaire and healthy behaviour habits satisfaction scale) were compared between the two groups using paired T-test (if the data distribution was normal) and the Mann-Whitney test (if the data distribution was not normal).

Phase 3 began with the application of the program to two groups of 30 obese students. Participants were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received coaching from a health coach who had received previous training from an internationally certified coach. A health coach accompanied 4 obese students. There were 8 health coaches consisting of family medicine and primary care specialists, internal medicine specialists, sports medicine specialists, faculty study program manager doctors, and coaches who were experienced with coaching approach in the workplace. The coaching session was divided into six meetings every two weeks online via a zoom meeting with the help of a host from the research team. However, the increasing conditions of pandemic restrictions on community activities at this stage, students who completed the program were 23 students in the intervention group and 18 students in the control group. The value of change in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group in the component of total body fat [-0.9 (-12.9, 0.70) vs 0.0 (-6.9, 3.50), p=0.02 ) and healthy behaviour habit [13.5 ± 11.85 vs. 7.5 ± 8.08, p=0.04].

The value of the change in the healthy behaviour habit satisfaction scale was significantly greater than the control group in the hobby/passion aspect [2(-4.6) vs 1(-2.2), p=0.02], move exercise [2,3 ± 2.11 vs 1.2 ±1.93, p=0.03], sleep rest [2(-6.5) vs 1(-3.2), p=0.01], and spiritual [1( 0.6) vs 0( -1.3), p=0.00]. This method has been proven to be able to be applied and is effective in reducing total body fat and significantly increasing healthy behaviour habits. This coaching method, which is following self-empowerment-based patient-centred care, has been proven to be able to be applied in the university's primary health services. However, support is needed from supportive university policies so that students participating in the program could follow it completely until all the expected output indicators are achieved properly"

"Remaja dengan kelebihan berat badan harus diintervensi agar tidak menjadi orang dewasa dengan obesitas. Berkembangnya patient-centered care sebagai upaya pemberdayaan diri dapat menjadi pendekatan terpilih. Dibutuhkan motivasi besar dalam menjalani proses perubahan perilaku. Coaching dilakukan untuk mendampingi klien (coachee) agar mampu mengoptimalkan potensi sehingga memiliki sikap positif, mental yang kuat, dan gaya hidup yang lebih baik. Belum ada penelitian yang mengidentifikasi keberhasilan patient-centered care berbasis pemberdayaan diri dengan metode coaching pada mahasiswa obesitas.Penelitian dilakukan dengan mixed method dalam tiga tahap. Tahap 1 merupakan studi potong lintang untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap dampak obesitas bagi kesehatan. Kuesioner daring terdiri dari identitas, data antropometri, S-Weight, dan P-Weight. Tahap 2 dilakukan pengembangan model pelayanan dengan cara melaksanakan focus group discussion. Peserta diskusi adalah pakar di tingkat mikro, meso dan makro sistem layanan kesehatan. Tahap 3 menilai kemamputerapan dan efektivitas model layanan yang dikembangkan. Studi dilakukan pada dua kelompok mahasiswa obesitas (usia 18-24 tahun) yang dibagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Pada kedua kelompok diberlakukan model layanan yang sama yaitu pengukuran status antropometrik dan komposisi tubuh, pengisian kuesioner pada awal program, edukasi, dan kembali dilakukan pengukuran status antropometrik dan komposisi tubuh serta pengisian kuesioner pada akhir program. Pada kelompok intervensi ditambahkan uji coba coaching sebanyak 6 sesi setiap dua minggu. Pengukuran awal dan akhir berjarak 3 bulan.Tahap 1 diperoleh 134 mahasiswa obesitas (respons rate 14.1%). Teridentifikasi responden berada pada tahap kontemplasi (35,8%) dan aksi (35,1%) terhadap perubahan perilaku dalam proses menurunkan berat badan. Kesiapan responden bersifat positif (76,9%) pada emosi, dan bersifat negatif pada konsekuensi, dukungan, dan aksi dalam menurunkan berat badan.Tahap 2 dilaksanakan dua tahap FGD terhadap 2 kelompok @ 10 orang. Teridentifikasi bahwa program penurunan berat badan harus diinisiasi dengan membangkitkan rasa kebutuhan untuk lebih sehat dengan berat badan yang ideal. Program harus bersifat personal. Diperlukan dukungan lingkungan seperti ketersediaan makanan sehat dan sarana untuk beraktivitas. Program harus merupakan program yang menimbulkan dukungan terhadap peserta, profesional, dan tersedia di layanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut disusun metode coaching yang sesuai dengan patient-centered care berbasis pemberdayaan diri bagi mahasiswa obesitas dalam program penurunan berat badan. Program terdiri dari 6 sesi coaching. Setiap tema dalam sesi coaching menggunakan langkah SMART dan diberi nama “From Fat to Fit with SMART Program”. Program dilaksanakan dalam waktu 3 bulan. Tema berturut-turut adalah healthy behavior habit, vision strategy, body self-image, timeline perspective/ state line exercise, happiness model, dan healthy behavior habit/ vision board. Kedua kelompok mendapatkan edukasi mengenai dampak obesitas bagi kesehatan, prinsip gizi seimbang, aktivitas fisik dan hidrasi yang sesuai bagi remaja dari para ahli yang terdiri dari spesialis penyakit dalam, spesialis gizi klinik, dan spesialis kedokteran olahraga yang dilakukan secara daring. Pengukuran antropometri, komposisi tubuh (menggunakan Bioelectric Impedance Analysis), pemantauan asupan makanan (menggunakan formulir food record), pemantauan aktivitas fisik (menggunakan bouchard activity record), pemberdayaan diri (menggunakan kuesioner subjective wellbeing dan skala kepuasan healthy behavior habit), dibandingkan antara dua kelompok menggunakan uji T berpasangan (jika distribusi data normal) dan uji Mann-Whitney (jika distribusi data tidak normal).Tahap 3 diawali dengan penerapan program terhadap dua kelompok @ 30 mahasiswa obesitas. Peserta dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan coaching dari health coach yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan sebelumnya dari coach bersertifikat Internasional. Seorang health coach mendampingi 4 mahasiswa obesitas. Health coach berjumlah 8 orang yang terdiri dari dokter spesialis kedokteran keluarga layanan primer, dokter spesialis penyakit dalam, dokter spesialis kedokteran olahraga, dokter pengelola program studi fakultas, dan coach yang berpengalaman dengan pendekatan coaching di tempat kerjanya. Sesi coaching dibagi menjadi enam pertemuan setiap dua minggu secara daring melalui media zoom meeting dengan bantuan host dari tim peneliti. Namun, meningkatnya kondisi PPKM (pemberlakuan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat) pada tahap ini, mahasiswa yang berhasil menyelesaikan program adalah 23 mahasiswa kelompok intervensi dan 18 mahasiswa kelompok kontrol.Nilai perubahan pada kelompok intervensi secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol pada komponen total lemak tubuh [-0.9 (-12,9, 0,70) vs 0,0 (-6,9, 3,50), p=0,02) dan healthy behavior habit [13.5 ± 11,85 vs 7,5 ± 8,08, p=0,04]. Nilai perubahan skala kepuasan healthy behavior habit secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol pada aspek hobby/passion [2(-4,6) vs 1(-2,2), p=0,02], movement exercise [2,3 ± 2,11 vs 1,2 ±1,93, p=0,03], sleep rest [2(-6,5) vs 1(-3,2), p=0,01], dan spiritual [1(0,6) vs 0( -1,3), p=0,00].

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Adolescents with excess weight should be intervened so as not to become adults with obesity. The development of patient-centred services as an effort to empower oneself could be the approach of choice. It takes great motivation in undergoing the process of behaviour change. Coaching is carried out to assist the client (coachee) to optimize their potential so that they had a positive attitude, strong mentality, and a healthier lifestyle. There has been no research that has identified the success of patient-centred care based on self-empowerment with coaching methods for obese students.

Mixed method research were in three stages. Phase 1 was a cross-sectional study to identify students' perceptions of the impact of obesity on health. The online questionnaire consisted of identity, anthropometric data, S-Weight, and P-Weight. Phase 2 was developing a service model by conducting focus group discussions. Discussion participants were experts at the micro, meso, and macro levels of the health care system. Phase 3 assessed the applicability and effectiveness of the developed service model. The study was conducted on two groups of obese college students (aged 18-24 years) in the intervention group and the control group. Both groups were subjected to the same service model, namely an initial physical examination, a questionnaire at the beginning of the service, and education about how to lose weight. A final physical examination and questionnaire were carried out at the end of the program. However, the intervention group was given a coaching method. Initial and final examinations were 3 months apart.

Phase 1 obtained 134 obese students (response rate of 14.1%). Respondents identified as being in the contemplation stage (35.8%) and action (35.1%) on behaviour change in the process of losing weight. Respondents' readiness was positive (76.9%) on emotions about losing weight and was negative in terms of consequences, support, and action in losing weight.

Phase 2 was carried out in 2 stages of FGD with 2 groups of 10 people. It was identified that a weight loss program should be initiated by generating a sense of the need to be healthier with ideal body weight. Programs should be personal. Environmental support was needed such as the availability of healthy food and facilities for activities. The intervention program should be a program that creates support for participants, professional, and available in health services. Based on this, a coaching method was developed following patient-centred care based on self-empowerment for students with obesity in weight loss programs. The program consisted of 6 coaching sessions. Each session used SMART steps. Each coaching session was themed sequentially and was named “From Fat to Fit with SMART Program”. The program was implemented within 3 months. The successive themes of the coaching session were healthy behaviour habits, vision strategy, body self-image, timeline perspective/ state line exercise, happiness model, and healthy behaviour habit/ vision board. Both groups received online education about obesity, balanced diet, physical activity and hydration from experts consisting of internal medicine specialists, clinical nutrition specialists, and sports medicine specialists. Anthropometric measurements, body composition (using Bioelectric Impedance Analysis), monitoring food intake (using a food record form), monitoring physical activity (using a bouchard activity record), self-empowerment (using a subjective wellbeing questionnaire and healthy behaviour habits satisfaction scale) were compared between the two groups using paired T-test (if the data distribution was normal) and the Mann-Whitney test (if the data distribution was not normal).

Phase 3 began with the application of the program to two groups of 30 obese students. Participants were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received coaching from a health coach who had received previous training from an internationally certified coach. A health coach accompanied 4 obese students. There were 8 health coaches consisting of family medicine and primary care specialists, internal medicine specialists, sports medicine specialists, faculty study program manager doctors, and coaches who were experienced with coaching approach in the workplace. The coaching session was divided into six meetings every two weeks online via a zoom meeting with the help of a host from the research team. However, the increasing conditions of pandemic restrictions on community activities at this stage, students who completed the program were 23 students in the intervention group and 18 students in the control group. The value of change in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group in the component of total body fat [-0.9 (-12.9, 0.70) vs 0.0 (-6.9, 3.50), p=0.02 ) and healthy behaviour habit [13.5 ± 11.85 vs. 7.5 ± 8.08, p=0.04].

The value of the change in the healthy behaviour habit satisfaction scale was significantly greater than the control group in the hobby/passion aspect [2(-4.6) vs 1(-2.2), p=0.02], move exercise [2,3 ± 2.11 vs 1.2 ±1.93, p=0.03], sleep rest [2(-6.5) vs 1(-3.2), p=0.01], and spiritual [1( 0.6) vs 0( -1.3), p=0.00]. This method has been proven to be able to be applied and is effective in reducing total body fat and significantly increasing healthy behaviour habits. This coaching method, which is following self-empowerment-based patient-centred care, has been proven to be able to be applied in the university's primary health services. However, support is needed from supportive university policies so that students participating in the program could follow it completely until all the expected output indicators are achieved properly"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan status kebugaran komposisi tubuh berdasarkan status gizi, aktivitas fisik, status merokok dan asupan gizi pada pengemudi taksi Express Group Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional pada 96 responden. Indikator kebugaran yang digunakan adalah persen lemak tubuh sebagai representasi kebugaran komposisi tubuh (bugar dengan PLT: 6 ? 10%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 72,9% responden memiliki tubuh yang tidak bugar. Variabel-variabel yang berhubungan dengan status kebugaran antara lain: status gizi dengan (pvalue 0,001), status merokok (0,014), asupan energi (0,004), protein (0,004), lemak (0,015), karbohidrat (0,008), zat besi (0,037), seng (0,001), vitamin B1 (0,020), vitamin B2 (0,037), vitamin B5 (0,013), dan vitamin B6 (0,028).

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine body composition fitness status difference based on nutritional status, physical activity, smoking status and nutritional intake of Express Group Taxi Driver 2014. This research uses cross-sectional study design on 96 respondents. Fitness indicator which is used in this study is body fat percent as to represent body composition fitness (fit status: 6 ? 10% of BFP). The result shows 72,9% of the respondents are unfit. Variables which are significantly related to fitness status are: nutritional status (pvalue 0,001), smoking status, (0,014), energy intake, (0,004), protein intake (0,004), fat intake (0,015), carbohydrate intake (0,008), iron intake (0,037), zinc intake (0,001), vitamin B1 intake (0,020), vitamin B2 intake (0,037), vitamin B5 intake (0,013), and vitamin B6 intake (0,028)."

"ABSTRAKPasien Diabetes Melitus (DM) tipe 2 akan mengalami perubahan atau ketidakseimbanganyang meliputi biologi, psikologi, sosial dan spiritual, yang akan memberikan dampak padakehidupan pasien dan keluarganya. Perlu sebuah model pemberdayaan diri dari pasien dalamupaya meningkatkan kemampuan perawatan diri untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasinya pengaruh model pemberdayaan diri pasien DMtipe 2 terhadap peningkatan kemampuan perawatan diri pasien sehari-hari. Penelitian inimenggunakan desain experimental research dengan 2 tahapan. Tahap 1 adalahmengembangkan model pemberdayaan diri pasien DM tipe 2 untuk meningkatkankemampuan perawatan diri. Tahap 2 adalah menguji pengaruh model pemberdayaan diripasien DM tipe 2 terhadap kemampuan perawatan diri. Hasil penelitian pada tahap 1adalah tersusunnya draft model pemberdayaan diri melalui alat e-nose sebagai mediavisual pendidikan kesehatan. Tahap kedua didapatkan hasil uji coba modelpemberdayaan diri memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kemampuanperawatan diri responden melalui uji t-test dengan hasil Pvalue 0,000 < 0,05.Pengembangan model pemberdayaan diri memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatankemampuan perawatan diri pasien DM tipe 2. Saran : pengembangan modelpemberdayaan diri dapat dijadikan rujukan dalam pengembangan asuhan keperawatan yangkomprehensif khususnya bagi pasien DM tipe 2.

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ABSTRACTType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients will experience changes or imbalances that includebiology, psychology, social and spiritual aspects, which will have an impact on the lives ofpatients and their families. There is a need of a model of self-empowerment for patients DMtype 2 as an effort to improve the ability of self-care in improving their quality of life. Thepurpose of this study is to identify the influence of the self-empowerment model of type 2DM patients on improving patients' self-care abilities. This study used experimental researchdesign with 2 stages. Stage 1 is to develop a draft self-empowerment model of type 2 DMpatients to improve self-care abilities. Stage 2 is to examine the effect of the selfempowermentmodel of type 2 DM patients on self-care ability. The results of the research instage 1 is the development of a self-empowerment model through e-nose as a visual mediafor health education, whereas, on the second stage, the development of an empowermentmodel has an influence on the improvement of the respondent's self-care ability through a ttestwith p value of 0.000 <0.05. Development of self-empowerment model has an influenceon improving self-care abilities in type 2 DM patients. Suggestion: the development of selfempowermentmodel can be used as a reference in the development of comprehensivenursing care especially for patients with type 2 DM."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status kebugaran bedasarkan status obesitas, aktivitas fisik, asupan gizi dan kebiasaan merokok pada PNS Dirjen Kesmas Kementerian Kesehatan . Penelitian ini menggunakan disain studi crosssectional dengan responden 78 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi denyut nadi, IMT, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok, asupan energi, protein, lemak dan karbohidrat. Pengukuran kebugaran dengan menggunakan metode YMCA. Status obesitas diukur dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT), aktivitas fisik menggunakan kuesioner GPAQ dan asupan gizi menggunakan food recall. Hasil penelitian ada perbedaan bermakna status kebugaran berdasarkan asupan karbohidrat. Disarankan mengkonsumsi makanan sesuai dengan kebutuhan gizi yang dianjurkan terutama protein yang pada penelitian ini terbukti berperan terhadap tubuh yang bugar.

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This study aimed to determine differences in fitness status based on the status of obesity, physical activity, nutrition and smoking habits on the government employees Directorate General for Public Health, Ministry of Health. This study used a cross-sectional study design with respondents of 78 people. Data collected were pulse, BMI, physical activity, smoking habits, intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates. Fitness measurements used the YMCA; obesity status was measured with body mass index(IMT); physical activity obtained with GPAQ and nutrient intake used a 24 hour food recall. There is significant difference in fitness status based on the intake of carbohydrates. It is advisable to consume food in accordance with nutritional requirements recommended especially proteins in this study proved to contribute to a fit body."

"Obesitas yang merupakan masalah kesehatan dan prevalensinya cenderung meningkat setiap tahun berdampak pada terjadinya penyakit degeneratif seperti hipertensi, diabetes mellitus dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status obesitas berdasarkan asupan gizi, konsumsi minuman manis, aktivitas fisik dan durasi tidur pada PNS. Populasi penelitian adalah orang dewasa yang terdaftar sebagai PNS di Ditjen Kesehatan Masyarakat Kemenkes. Disain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 108 yang dipilih dengan systematic random sampling. Data dikumpulkan pada bulan Mei 2016, meliputi status obesitas, asupan gizi yang terdiri dari energi, lemak, karbohidrat dan protein, serat, kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis aktivitas fisik dan durasi tidur. Status obesitas dinilai dari IMT yang diperoleh dari pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, aktivitas fisik diperoleh dari GPAQ, durasi tidur dihitung berdasarkan kebiasaan tidur malam pada hari kerja dan hari libur yang diperoleh dari kuesioner, konsumsi minuman manis menggunakan FFQ dan asupan zat gizi menggunakan metode food recall 2x24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 44,4 % responden mengalami obesitas. Terdapat perbedaan status obesitas berdasarkan durasi tidur. Orang yang tidur ≤6 jam/hari berpeluang mengalami obesitas 2,8 kali lebih tinggi dari yang tidur >6 jam/hari. Perbedaan tersebut bermakna pada usia <40 tahun dan pada pangkat/golongan III. Tidak ada perbedaan status obesitas berdasarkan asupan gizi, aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi minuman manis. Disarankan kepada PNS untuk mengatur pola tidur dan durasi tidur malam tidak kurang dari 6 jam sehari agar terhindar dari risiko obesitas.

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Obesity that its prevalence has increased over the years, is associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed to determine the differences between nutrition intake, dietary fiber, consumption sweetened beverages, physical activity and sleep duration among civil servants. The study population is adult who are registered as sivil servant of General of Public Health in Ministry of Health. The design of the study is cross sectional with total sample 108 selected by systematic random sampling. The study was conducted in May 2016. The data colection used instruments including antropometric measurements (obesity status), GPAQ (physical activity), a special questionairre for sleep duration, FFQ (sweetened beverages consumption) and 2x24 hour food recall (nutrition intake). The result showed 44,4% of respondents were obese. There was significant differences in obesity status based on sleep duration (p=0.022). People who slept ≤ 6 hours/day had 2.8 time higher risk of becoming obese than those who slept > 6 hours/day. The significancy only on responden with ages<40 years and level III of occupancy. This finding suggests that civil servants has to manage their sleep time and not have usual sleep duration less than or equal to 6 hours a day in order to avoid the risk of obesity."

"Skripsi ini membahas hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh (IMT), persen lemak tubuh (PLT), asupan zat gizi makro (kalori, karbohidrat, lemak dan protein), asupan zat gizi mikro (thiamin, riboflavin, piridoksin, vit.C dan Fe), dan aktivitas fisik dengan VO2max. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan pada 81 mahasiswa Reguler Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat FKM UI angkatan 2010 dan 2011. VO2max diukur dengan menggunakan alat Fitmate Med Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan hubungan negatif antara IMT (r= -0,231) dan persen lemak tubuh (r= -0,447) dengan VO2max pada responden keseluruhan. Terdapat hubungan positif antara asupan Fe (r=0,231), dan aktivitas fisik (r=0,338) dengan VO2max pada responden keseluruhan. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan sampel yang lebih besar pada atlet dengan pengendalian yang lebih ketat terhadap faktor-faktor lain yang berpotensi menyebabkan bias dalam penelitian agar korelasi variabel indepenen dengan data VO2max dapat merepresentasikan kekuatan hubungan yang sebenarnya.

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This thesis discusses the relationship between body mass index (BMI), body fat percent (BFP), the intake of macro nutrients (calories, carbohydrates, fats and proteins), the intake of micro nutrients (thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, vit. C and Fe), and physical activity with VO2max. The study was a quantitative study with cross sectional design conducted in 81 undergraduate students of Public Health University of Indonesia majoring Nutrition in 2012. VO2max was measured by using Fitmate Med. The result of correlation test showed a negative relationship between BMI (r= -0,231) and percent body fat (r= -0,447) with VO2max in the overall respondents. Artifacts positive association between intake of Fe (r=0,231) and physical activity (r=0,338) with VO2max in the overall respondents. There were no significant relationship between other independent variables with VO2max. Further research is needed with larger samples in athletes with a more strict control of other factors that could potentially lead to bias in the study so that the data correlation with VO2max independen variables can represent the real strength of the relationship."

"ABSTRAKDokter sebagai gate keeper di fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama FKTP , memerlukan kompetensi pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien, sebagai komponen utama pelayanan kesehatan primer, namun kemampuan dokter dalam pelayanan berpusat pada pasien di FKTP masih rendah. Optimalisasi implementasi sistem pelayanan kesehatan berjenjang dan program rujuk balik, merupakan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional yang keberhasilannya ditentukan oleh dokter di FKTP, oleh karena itu diperlukan terobosan pembelajaran dengan situasi nyata di tempat kerja, serta penilaian terstandar diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dokter dalam pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien.Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat Model pembelajaran dan penilaian berbasis tempat kerja PPBTK untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien bagi dokter di FKTP. Desain penelitian adalah ldquo;Penelitian Tindakan rdquo; 4 tahap yaitu ldquo;Tindakan Diagnosis rdquo; dengan metode survei. responden terdiri 96 pasien, 56 dokter, dan 64 pendidik, bertujuan mendapatkan indikator pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien, ldquo;Tindakan Perencanaan rdquo; dengan metode Delphi, responden terdiri 2 orang ahli pendidikan kedokteran, 5 orang ahli pelayanan primer, bertujuan menyusun Model Pembelajaran dan Penilaian Berbasis Tempat Kerja PPBTK yang tervalidasi dengan expert judgment, ldquo;Tindakan Implementasi rdquo; sebagai uji coba model, dengan rancangan eksperimen kuasi, terdiri 13 dokter sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 12 dokter sebagai kelompok kontrol. ldquo;Tindakan Evaluasi rdquo; dengan metode Kirkpatrick untuk membuktikan efektivitas model.Sebanyak 33 indikator dinilai relevan untuk mengukur pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien, menjadi instrumen Self Assessment dan Direct Observation. Case-based Discussion yang teruji konsistensinya, menjadi instrumen penilaian pertemuan modifikasi Balint group. Kompetensi ranah kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor sebelum dan sesudah intervensi Model PPBTK berbeda bermakna p value < 0,05 . Hasil uji SEM-PLS menunjukkan model efektif untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pelayanan komprehensif berpusat pada pasien di FKTP. Kata Kunci. pelayanan berpusat pada pasien, pelayanan komprehensif,pembelajaran berbasis tempat kerja.

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ABSTRACTDoctors as gatekeepers at First Level Healthcare Facility FLHF require a patient-centered and comprehensive care competency. The patient-centered care competency is necessary to determine the optimization of referral program in the National Health Insurance program implementation. Thus, learning methods with real situations in the workplace and standardized assessment are also required. The study design was Action Research with 4 stages. The first stage was diagnosing action supported by survey method. This stage consisted of many respondents involving 96 patients, 56 doctors, and 64 lecturers. The determination of respondents in the first stage was aimed to obtain a patient-centered and comprehensive care indicator. Second stage namely planning action supported by Delphi method with 2 medical education experts and 5 primary care specialists as respondents. The determination of the respondents in the second stage was to develop Workplace-Based Learning and Assessment WPBLA Model validated with expert judgment. The third stage was taking action as the test model with a quasi-experimental design, consisting of 13 doctors as an intervention group and 12 doctors as a control group. The last stage was evaluating action measures with Kirkpatrick method purposed to prove the effectiveness of the model. As many as 33 indicators were assessed to be relevant for evaluating patient-centered and comprehensive care. Case-based Discussion which its consistency had been tested, functioned as instruments of Balint Group meeting modification. The cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains before and after the intervention of WPBLA Model was significantly different p value < 0.05 . The SEM-PLS test showed the WPBLA was effective in improving patient-centered and comprehensive care competency at FLHF. Keywords. comprehensive care, patient-centered care, workplace-based learning. "

"Obesitas adalah faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain studi cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian obesitas berdasarkan asupan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini melibatkan 104 responden yang merupakan PNS di Kantor Dinas Kesehatan kota Depok. Obesitas diukur menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh. Sebanyak 50% PNS mengalami obesitas (IMT > 25 kg/m2). Dari beberapa variabel yang diuji, terdapat perbedaan bermakna kejadian obesitas berdasarkan asupan energi, karbohidrat, dan lemak, serta kebiasaan makan di luar rumah baik pada pria maupun wanita. Setelah dikontrol oleh jenis kelamin, perbedaan tersebut hanya bermakna pada wanita. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, PNS disarankan untuk mengurangi makanan yang mengandung karbohidrat dan lemak yang berlebihan, serta mengurangi frekuensi makan di luar rumah untuk mencegah obesitas.

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Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovarcular disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to identify the difference in the incidence of obesity based on dietary intake, physical activity, and some other factors. A total of 104 civil servants of Depok Health Department were included in this study. Obesity was measured using Body Mass Index. The prevalence of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) was 50%. From the tested variables, there were significant differences in proportion of energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake, as well as eating out of home on the prevalence of obesity in both men and women. After controlled by sex, the differences were only significant in women, but not in men. The results suggest that civil servants to reduce energy, carbohydrate, and fat intake, as well as the frequency of eating out of home."

"Latar belakang: Prevalensi komplikasi DM semakin meningkat termasuk di Indonesia. Untuk mencegah komplikasi DM diperlukan perubahan perilaku. Setiap pasien DM memiliki kebutuhan dan tujuan kesehatan yang bervariasi, maka person-centered approach perlu diberikan sebagai strategi yang menjanjikan untuk mengubah perilaku dalam mencegah komplikasi DM. Salah satu strateginya adalah dengan coaching. Melalui coaching, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri dan penerimaan diri sebagai mediator dalam mengubah perilaku dalam mencegah komplikasi DM. Tujuan: dikembangkannya model coaching keperawatan berdasarkan analisis eksploratori tentang pengalaman perilaku pencegahan komplikasi dan efektivitasnya terhadap efikasi diri, penerimaan diri, perilaku pencegahan komplikasi dan metabolik markers pada pasien DM tipe 2. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed-method dengan desain eksploratori sekuensial melalui tiga tahap. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel. Tahap pertama melibatkan lima belas pasien DM tipe 2 sebagai partisipan, tahap kedua melibatkan tiga orang sebagai pakar, dan tahap ketiga melibatkan 70 pasien DM tipe 2 sebagai responden. Hasil: Teridentifikasi empat tema yang menjadi dasar pengembangan model. Tersusun empat modul sebagai penjelasan model dan pedoman implementasi model coaching keperawatan. Hasil menunjukkan adanya efektivitas intervensi model coaching keperawatan terhadap efikasi diri, penerimaan diri, perilaku pencegahan komplikasi DM, dan tekanan darah sistol (p < 0,001), serta GDP (p = 0,014), namun tidak efektif terhadap HbA1c, kolesterol total, dan tekanan darah diastol (p > 0,05). Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada efek variabel perancu terhadap efikasi diri, penerimaan diri, perilaku pencegahan komplikasi DM, GDP dan tekanan darah sistol (p > 0,05), namun ada efek usia terhadap perilaku pencegahan komplikasi DM (p = 0,011), dan ada efek jenis kelamin terhadap tekanan darah sistol (p = 0,018). Simpulan: Setelah mengontrol variabel perancu, intervensi model coaching keperawatan mampu meningkatkan skor rerata efikasi diri, memperbaiki penerimaan diri, meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan komplikasi DM, menurunkan skor rerata GDP, dan tekanan darah sistol. Saran: Intervensi model coaching keperawatan dapat diadopsi sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan dalam mencegah komplikasi DM tipe 2.

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Background: The prevalence of DM complications is increasing, including in Indonesia. To prevent DM complications, behavior change is needed. Each DM patient has varied health needs and goals, so a person-centered approach needs to be provided as a promising strategy to change behavior in preventing DM complications. One of the strategies is coaching. By implementing coaching, it is expected to increase self-efficacy and self-acceptance as mediators in changing behavior in preventing DM complications. Aim: to identify the effectiveness of nursing coaching model intervention on self-efficacy, self-acceptance, prevention DM complications behaviors and the impact on metabolic markers in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: A mixed-method approach with exploratory sequential steps was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to approach the participants. The first step involved fifeteen participants with type 2 DM; the second step involved three experts, and the third step involved 70 participants with type 2 DM. Results: The results showed there were four themes as a basis for developing a model. There were four modules as part of the nurse coaching model. There was an effect of nursing coaching model intervention on self-efficacy, self-acceptance, prevention DM complications behaviors, and systolic blood pressure (p < 0,001), as well as fasting blood glucose (p = 0,014); however, there was no effect of nursing coaching model intervention on HbA1c, total cholesterol, and diastolic blood pressure (p > 0,05). Furthermore, there was no effect of confounding variables on self-efficacy, self-acceptance, prevention DM complications behaviors, fasting blood glucose, and systolic blood pressure (p > 0,05). Conclusion: After controlling confounding variables, a nursing coaching model intervention improves the mean score of self-efficacy self-acceptance, prevention DM complications behaviors, and decreasing the mean score of FBG and systolic. Suggestion: A nursing coaching model intervention can be adopted as one of the nursing interventions to prevent DM complications, especially at the Public Health Center."