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"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebijakan pajak atas penilaian kembali (revaluasi) aktiva tetap ditinjau dari asas kepastian hukum, kendala yang timbul dalam penerapan kebijakan pajak atas penilaian kembali aktiva tetap, dan desain kebijakan pajak atas revaluasi aktiva tetap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kebijakan Pajak atas revaluasi aktiva tetap yang berlaku saat ini sesuai dengan indikator asas kepastian hukum dalam hal: terdapat ketentuan yang jelas mengenai asas, norma, dan kaidah; terdapat kepastian mengenai dasar hukum; dan memiliki pengaturan yang jelas. Namun demikian, kebijakan tersebut tidak sesuai dengan indikator asas kepastian hukum dalam hal: pembentukan peraturan perpajakan tidak berdasarkan kajian ilmiah (scientific based) melalui naskah akademik; kebijakan belum menampung dinamika, aspirasi dan peran serta masyarakat, serta menyelesaikan konflik; kebijakan pajak belum memenuhi kriteria harus sederhana dalam administrasi dan tidak menghambat kelancaran usaha; dan kebijakan seringkali mengalami amandemen. Selain itu, terdapat kendala yang timbul dalam penerapan kebijakan pajak atas revaluasi aktiva tetap berupa kendala pengawasan. Berdasarkan hal-hal tersebut dirumuskan desain kebijakan pajak atas revaluasi aktiva tetap.

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The purpose of this study is to to analyze the tax policy on revaluation of fixed assets in terms of legal certainty, constraints that arise in the implementation of tax policies on revaluation of fixed assets, and the design of tax policies for the revaluation fixed assets in the future. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive research types. The results of the study show that the current Tax Policy for revaluation of fixed assets is in accordance with the legal certainty aspects in terms of: there are clear provisions regarding principles, norms, and rules; there is certainty about the legal basis; and have clear settings. However, the policy is not in accordance with the legal certainty aspects in terms of: the establishment of tax regulations not based on scientific studies through academic texts; policies have not accommodated the dynamics, aspirations and participation of the community, and resolved conflicts; tax policy does not meet the criteria must be simple in administration and does not hamper the smooth running of business; and policies are often amended. In addition, there are obstacles that arise in the application of tax policies on revaluation of fixed assets in the form of control constraints. Based on these matters a design of tax policy is formulated for the revaluation of fixed assets."

"Laporan ini disusun untuk membahas proses pengelompokan serta metode penyusutan atas aset tetap PT INO yang memiliki perbedaan pandangan antara PT INO dan otoritas pajak yaitu Direktorat Jenderal Pajak sehingga muncul sengketa pajak atas koreksi penyusutan atas aset tetap tersebut. Sengketa pajak menghasilkan tindak lanjut dari PT INO untuk melakukan Peninjauan Kembali agar dapat memenangkan sengketa pajak tersebut. Sementara, Direktorat Jenderal Pajak berusaha menerapkan aturan pajak sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Sehingga laporan ini ditujukan untuk meneliti kesesuaian peraturan yang digunakan untuk mengelola aset tetap yang digunakan oleh perusahaan atas aset tetap dengan peraturan perpajakan yang berlaku di Indonesia.

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This report was prepared to discuss the classification and depreciation method of PT INO's fixed assets which has a different view between PT INO and the tax authorities, namely the Directorate General of Taxes and become a tax disputes on correction of depreciation method. Tax disputes resulted in a follow-up of PT INO to undertake judicial review in order to win the tax dispute. Meanwhile, the DGTs sought to apply the tax rules in accordance with applicable regulations. This report is intended to examine the suitability of the rules used to manage fixed assets used by the company with the tax regulations in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis pertimbangan-pertimbangan PT. X dalammemanfaatkan insentif pajak atas penilaian kembali aktiva tetap sebagai suatuupaya manajemen pajak dan menganalisis hambatan yang dialami dalamprosesnya. Tujuan PT. X untuk melakukan penilaian kembali atas aktiva tetapnyaadalah untuk memperbesar kapasitas utang perusahaan. Hasil dari penelitian inimenyimpulkan bahwa penilaian kembali aktiva tetap yang dilakukan oleh PT. Xsebagai suatu upaya manajemen pajak merupakan keputusan yangmenguntungkan baik dari segi perpajakan maupun komersial

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ABSTRACTThis study analyzes background motivation of PT . X to utilizes the tax incentivesof revaluation as a tax management efforts and also analyzes the obstaclesencountered during the process. The intention of PT . X to cunduct the revaluationof assets is to increase the capacity of the company's leverage. The results of thisstudy concludes that the revaluation carried out by PT . X as a tax managementtools is a correct decision that benefits both in terms of taxation and commercial"

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang potensi penyalahgunaan tax treaty dengan memanfaatkan ketiadaan ketentuan beneficial owner pada capital gains atas pengalihan saham dan pertimbangan tax treaty Indonesia hanya menerapkan ketentuan beneficial owner pada bunga, dividen, dan royalti. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ketiadaan ketentuan beneficial owner pada capital gains atas pengalihan saham dapat menimbulkan treaty abuse melalui treaty shopping dan tax treaty Indonesia tidak menerapkan ketentuan beneficial owner pada capital gains karena beberapa alasan, yaitu: sulit diidentifikasi bagi negara berkembang, meningkatkan daya tarik investor, dan beneficial owner tidak secara spesifik tertulis ditujukan untuk menangkal treaty shopping.

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This research discusses potential occurance of treaty abuse by utilizing the absence of beneficial owner on capital gains from alienation of shares and consideration of why Indonesian tax treaty does not apply beneficial owner provision in the context of capital gains from alienation of shares. The approach used is qualitative descriptive method. As results, the absence of the beneficial owner provision on capital gains from alienation of shares may lead to treaty abuse through treaty shopping and Indonesian tax treaty does not applying the beneficial owner provision on capital gains for several reasons, i.e. beneficial owner of capital gains from alienation of shares is difficult to identify for developing countries, to increase the attractiveness of investors, and beneficial owner is not specifically intended to overcome treaty shopping."

"Today people use financial report as a tools to analize profit or deviden prediction in the future. Profit can be use as indicator to evaluate operational performance the firm as Investor and Creditor use it for evaluate the management work, earning power prediction dan gain prediction in the future. Capital is one of production factor that firm needs. Using for get another fresh money. So that way Cost of Capital more important use as connection between investment decision and capital cost decision. The problem of this case is :

1. Is there relationship between charactheristic firm and cost of capital in manufacture company and variety industry company?
2. Is there a different relationship between charactheristic firm and cost of capital in manufacture company and variety industry company?
The writer used quantitative approach in this research; it produced the descriptive of characteristic firm and implied cost of capital. Data collection used quantitative techniques through annual report company period 2003 - 2007 For the sampling, the writer used non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The population is manufactur company and variety industry company. The writer use 14 sample of manufacture company and 14 sample of variety industry company.
In this study, we propose an alternative technique for estimating the cost of capital. Specially, we use discounted residual income model. When we examine firms characteristic that are systematically related to the estimates of cost of capital. It is shown thay a firm?s cost of capital function of its leverage firm value, leverage market, firm size and earning variabilities. The fundings suggest that these variables can be exploited to estimates future cost of capital in Indonesia In the case of manufacturing industry, these variables explain around 15.6% of the cross sectional variation in the future implied cost of capital and in the case of variety industry these variable explain around 29.4%. the findings suggest that these variables can be exploited to estimate cost of capital in Indonesia."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai pelaksanaan revaluasi aktiva tetap dengan mengambil studi kasus dari PT. XYZ pada tahun 2009. PT. XYZ merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri dan perdagangan. Revaluasi aktiva tetap yang dilakukan oleh PT. XYZ pada tahun 2009 terhadap aktiva tetap yang berupa tanah dan bangunan. PT. XYZ menggunakan ketentuan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan untuk melakukan revaluasi aktiva tetapnya. Akan tetapi disisi lain, perusahaan juga telah mencadangkan PPh Final atas selisih lebih revaluasi aktiva tetap pada tahun 2009. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan berbentuk ekplanatif dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan revaluasi aktiva tetap di PT. XYZ dan implikasi pajak penghasilannya.Peneliti memperoleh hasil bahwa revaluasi aktiva tetap yang dilakukan PT. XYZ adalah untuk tujuan komersial dan perusahaan masih kurang memahami ketentuan perpajakan sehingga terdapat kesalahan dalam melakukan pencadangan PPh Final atas selisih lebih revaluasi aktiva tetap. Implikasi pajak penghasilan yang timbul bagi PT. XYZ adalah beban pajak yang harus ditanggung pada tahun 2009 lebih besar.

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This thesis discusses revaluation of fixed assets with taking case study from PT. XYZ in the year of 2009. PT. XYZ is a company that has been conducting business in industrial and trade sectors. Revaluation of fixed assets which PT. XYZ did in 2009 included land and building. PT. XYZ using regulation from Financial Accounting Standard for reference on revaluating their fixed assets. However, in the other hand PT. XYZ is also making allowance for Final Income Tax of surplus revaluation as their debt. This research using qualitative approach and have the form of explanation research with purposes for explaining revaluation of fixed assets on PT. XYZ and its income tax implication.

The result of this research is that PT. XYZ's purposes on doing revaluation of fixed assets is for commercial benefit and the company still do not understand well enough about the regulation in taxation so that there is mistaken for allowing Final Income Tax of surplus revaluation as their debt. Income tax implication that occur for PT. XYZ is that they have to gain their tax expense in the year of 2009."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai perencanaan pajak terkait revaluasi aktiva tetap yang dilakukan oleh PT. ABC sebagai perusahaan manufaktur dan PT. XYZ sebagai perusahaan kelapa sawit. Kedua perusahaan tersebut memanfaatkan fasilitas berupa penurunan tarif Pajak Penghasilan atas selisih lebih nilai aktiva tetap hasil revaluasi di atas nilai buku fiskal sebesar 6 . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perencanaan pajak pada PT. ABC dan PT. XYZ serta membandingkan efektivitas perencanaan pajak yang dilakukan oleh kedua perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu kedua perusahaan memperoleh benefit berupa tax saving, namun perencanaan pajak PT. ABC sebagai perusahaan manufaktur lebih efektif dan memberi manfaat lebih besar.

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This study examines about tax planning related to fixed assets revaluation carried out by PT. ABC as a manufacture company and PT. XYZ as a palm oil company. Both of the companies are utilizing the reduction of income tax rate facility on the excess of fixed assets revaluation value over fiscal book value as of 6 . The purpose of this study is to analyze the tax planning in PT. ABC and PT. XYZ as well and to compare the effectiveness of tax planning by PT. ABC PT. YXZ. This study uses qualitative reasearch method. The result of this study is both copanies obtain the benefit such as tax saving, but PT. ABC rsquo s tax planning is more effective and get more benefit than PT. XYZ."

"Akibat adanya perlambatan ekonomi, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan penurunan tarif PPh atas revaluasi aktiva tetap. Skripsi ini meneliti tentang evaluasi kebijakan insentif PPh atas revaluasi aktiva tetap dan faktor penghambat penerapan insentif tersebut. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan insentif PPh atas revaluasi aktiva tetap tidak memenuhi 4 dimensi dan telah terpenuhi 2 dimensi evaluasi kebijakan. Selama penerapan kebijakan ini pun terdapat faktor penghambat yaitu, kesulitan dalam proses penilaian, kesulitan dalam proses administrasi, dan kesulitan dalam pencatatan. Dalam memberikan insentif sebaiknya pemerintah memperhatikan pengukuran tax expenditure sehingga dapat tercapai harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi kebijakan.

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Due to economic slowdown, the government issued a policy to decrease the income tax rate of fixed asset revaluation. This research examines to evaluate the income tax incentive policy of fixed asset revaluation and analyze the inhibiting factors of applying such incentive. This research is quantitative descriptive with qualitative data analysis technique. The result of this research shows that the income tax incentive policy of fixed asset revaluation unfulfilled the 4 dimensions and fulfilled 2 dimensions of policy evaluation. During the application of this policy, there are some inhibiting factor, such as difficulties in the assessment process, difficulties in the administration process, and difficulties in entry process. The advice given is in providing incentives the government should pay attention to the measurement of the tax expenditure in order to achieve harmonization and synchronization of policies. "