Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Keberadaan mikroplastik telah mencemari dan mengganggu perairan di wilayah Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada lamun Cymodocea rotundata, sedimen, dan air Pulau Rambut, Teluk Jakarta tahun 2022 dan 2023. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun Pulau Rambut (Timur, Selatan, dan Barat).  Sampel diambil sebanyak delapan individu lamun per stasiun, sedimen, dan air dengan metode random sampling.  Sampel lamun dipotong sepanjang 2 cm lalu dikerik, sedimen dikeringkan lalu diberikan larutan jenuh NaCl, dan sempel air diberikan NaCl kemudian seluruh sampel diamati dibawah mikroskop. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik lamun C. rotundata pada tahun 2022 sebesar 42 partikel/cm dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar 44,46 partikel/cm. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sedimen tahun 2022 sebesar 73,53 partikel/g dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar  79,56 partikel/g. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel air tahun 2022 sebesar 51,33 partikel/L dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar 53,78 partikel/L. Uji Korelasi Spearman menjelaskan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik sampel lamun dengan sedimen, air dengan sedimen, dan lamun dengan air memiliki korelasi positif yang kuat. Hasil Uji-T menyatakan terdapat perbedaan tidak signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada lamun C. rotundata (sig. (2-tailed) 0,182>0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik sedimen tahun 2022 dan 2023 (sig. (2-tailed) 0,007<0,05). Hasil uji ATR-FTIR didapatkan kandungan polimer CA, ABS, HDPE, PMMA, PVC, dan PET pada sampel daun lamun C. rotundata.

---

The existence of microplastics has polluted and disturbed the waters in Indonesian territory. This research compared the abundance of microplastics i Cymodocea rotundata seagrass, sediment, and water on Rambut Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta, in 2022 and 2023. Samples were taken as many as eight individuals of seagrass per station, sediment, and water by random sampling method.  The seagrass samples were cut 2 cm long and scraped, the sediment was dried and then given a saturated solution of NaCl, and the water sample was given NaCl. Then all samples were observed under a microscope. The average microplastic abundance of C. rotundata seagrass leaves in 2022 was 42 particles/cm and in 2023, it was 4.46 particles/cm. The average abundance of microplastics in sediments in 2022 was 73.53 particles/g and in 2023, it was 79.56 particles/g. The abundance of microplastics in water samples in 2022 was 51.33 particles/L and in 2023, it was 53.78 particles/L. The Spearman Correlation Test explains that the microplastic abundance of seagrass with sediment, water with sediment, and seagrass with water samples had a strong correlation. The results of the T-test stated that there was no significant difference in the abundance of microplastics in seagrass leaves of C. rotundata (sig. (2-tailed) 0.182>0.05) and there was a significant difference in the abundance of microplastics in sediments in 2022 and 2023 (sig. (2-tailed) 0.007<0.05). The results of the ATR-FTIR test found the polymer content of CA, ABS, HDPE, PMMA, PVC, and PET in C. rotundata seagrass samples."

"Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test.Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test.

---

Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test."

"Peningkatan timbulan sampah dan perbedaan curah hujan memengaruhi akumulasi mikroplastik dari sungai ke laut. Mikroplastik terdistribusi dan tersebar ke seluruh ekosistem laut, termasuk hutan mangrove. Mikroplastik yang memasuki hutan mangrove terperangkap oleh akar mangrove dan terakumulasi di sedimen. Mikroplastik di sedimen hutan mangrove dapat dengan mudah termakan oleh biota deposit-feeder, seperti siput mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tubuh siput Terebralia sulcata dan sedimen di hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut, Teluk Jakarta, DKI Jakarta tahun 2022 dan 2023 serta untuk menganalisis korelasi antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di sedimen dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik di tubuh siput T. sulcata. Sebanyak 20 sampel T. sulcata dan sedimen diambil di empat stasiun di tahun 2022 dan 2023. Jaringan tubuh T. sulcata dilarutkan dengan HNO3 65% dan diencerkan dengan NaCl jenuh. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan menggunakan oven kemudian 10 g sedimen kering diencerkan dengan larutan NaCl jenuh. Sebanyak 20 mL dari masing-masing sampel dihomogenkan dan diamati di bawah mikroskop dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya partikel mikroplastik pada siput T. sulcata dengan kelimpahan sebesar 305,53±64,58 partikel/g pada tahun 2022 dan 324,48±60,91 partikel/g pada tahun 2023. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sedimen didapatkan sebesar 66,53±10,69 partikel/g pada tahun 2022 dan 71,77±11,31 partikel/g pada tahun 2023. Dari tahun 2022 ke tahun 2023, kelimpahan mikroplastik mengalami peningkatan sebesar 7,87% pada siput T. sulcata dan 6,2% pada sedimen. Bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada sampel siput dan sedimen adalah fiber, fragmen, film, dan granul dengan bentuk yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah fiber. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di sedimen dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di T. sulcata.

---

The increase in the amount of waste and differences in rainfall affect the accumulation of microplastics from rivers to the sea. Microplastics distributed and spread throughout marine ecosystems, including mangrove forests. Microplastics that enter mangrove forests trapped by mangrove roots and accumulate in sediments. Microplastics in mangrove forest sediments can be easily ingested by deposit-feeder biota, such as mangrove snails. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the abundance of microplastics in Terebralia sulcata and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, DKI Jakarta in 2022 and 2023 and to analyze the correlation between the abundance of microplastics in sediment and T. sulcata. 20 samples of T. sulcata sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2022. The body tissue of T. sulcata were dissolved with 65% HNO3 and then diluted with saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dried using an oven then 10 g of dry sediment was diluted with saturated NaCl. A total of 20 mL of each sample was homogenized and observed under a microscope with three repetitions. The results of the study found the presence of microplastic particles in T. sulcata with an abundance was 305.53±64.58 particles/g in 2022 and 324.48±60.91 particles/g in 2023. The abundance of microplastics in sediments was 66.53±10.69 particles/g in 2022 and 71.767±11.31 particles/g in 2023. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastics increased by 7.87% in T. sulcata and 6.2% in sediment. The forms of microplastics found in T. sulcata and sediment samples were fiber, fragments, films and granules with the most commonly found form was fiber. The results of the Spearman correlation test in this study showed a positive correlation between the abundance of microplastics in the sediment and in T. sulcata."

"Karbon di Indonesia semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya, hal ini memberikan dampak buruk bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu langkah untuk mengurangi CO2 di alam adalah dengan meningkatkan jumlah penyerapan CO2, dan hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu tempat penyimpanan CO2 di bumi. Mangrove dapat menyerap CO2 di tegakan mangrove, sedimen, dan fauna mangrove seperti T. palustris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perbandingan simpanan karbon T. palustris dan sedimen serta pengaruh pH, salinitas, dan suhu terhadap jumlah karbon yang dapat disimpan oleh T. palustris di Pulau Rambut, DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2022 dan 2023. Sampel diambil dari 4 stasiun, lalu sampel cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris dipisahkan. Siput dan sedimen dikeringkan di oven, kemudian ditumbuk menggunakan alu mortar. Sedimen disaring menggunakan sieve net. Cangkang diberi larutan HCl 1N, tubuh dan sedimen di furnace. Perhitungan nilai karbon dihitung menggunakan rumus dari masing-masing sampel. Data yang diperoleh dihitung nilai korelasi dan uji-T dengan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil Rata-rata karbon tahun 2022 untuk cangkang T. palustris adalah 10,559 ± 0,201, tubuh T. palustris 26,019 ± 2,697, sedimen 148,185 ± 11, 683. Tahun 2023 rata-rata karbon untuk cangkang T. palustris adalah 10,398 ± 0,588, tubuh T. palustris 22,162 ± 1,838, dan sedimen 143,671 ± 11, 442. Korelasi antara cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris, dan T. palustris terhadap sedimen dapat dikatakan tidak memiliki korelasi, terdapat korelasi negatif di cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris tahun 2023, dan hasil perbandingan yang diperoleh pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 untuk cangkang, tubuh, dan sedimen menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.

---

Carbon in Indonesia is increasing every year, this has a negative impact on human life. One of the steps to reduce CO2 in nature is to increase the amount of CO2 absorption, and mangrove forests are one of the CO2 storage places on earth. Mangroves can absorb CO2 in mangrove stands, sediments, and mangrove fauna such as T. palustris. This study aims to determine and analyze the comparison of T. palustris and sediment carbon storage and the influence of pH, salinity, and temperature on the amount of carbon that can be stored by T. palustris on Rambut Island, DKI Jakarta in 2022 and 2023. Samples were taken from 4 stations, then the shell and body samples of T. palustris were separated. The snails and sediments were oven dried, then crushed using a mortar and pestle. Sediment was filtered using a sieve. The shell was given a 1N HCl solution, the body and sediment in the furnace. Calculation of carbon value was calculated using the formula of each sample. The data obtained were calculated the correlation value and T-test used SPSS. Average carbon results in 2022 for T. palustris shells amounted to 10.559 ± 0.201, T. palustris body 26.019 ± 2.697, sediment 148.185 ± 11.683. In 2023 the average carbon for T. palustris shell was 10.398 ± 0.588, T. palustris body 22.162 ± 1.838, and sediment 143.671 ± 11.442. The correlation between T. palustris shell and body, and T. palustris with sediment can be said to have no correlation, there is a negative correlation in T. palustris shell and body in 2023, and the comparison results obtained in 2022 and 2023 for shell, body, and sediment show no significant difference."

"Tingkat curah hujan menyebabkan fluktuasi faktor abiotik dalam ekosistem mangrove yang berdampak terhadap ekosistem mangrove. Kualitas ekosistem mangrove memengaruhi struktur komunitas Gastropoda, terutama di Pulau Rambut pada tahun 2022 dan 2023. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas Gastropoda (kepadatan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dominansi, dispersi, dan kesamaan jenis) dan faktor abiotik di Pulau Rambut. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan lain, yaitu menganalisis perbandingan struktur komunitas Gastropoda di Pulau Rambut pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 akibat musim hujan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan line transect dengan kuadrat dalam empat stasiun yang diikuti pengukuran parameter lingkungan (suhu udara, salinitas air, dan pH tanah). Sampel Gastropoda diketahui melalui identifikasi dan dianalisis menggunakan kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks kemerataan, indeks dominansi Simpson, indeks dispersi, dan indeks kesamaan Jaccard. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hanya tiga jenis Gastropoda dari famili Potamididae (Terebralia sulcata, Terebralia palustris, dan Telescopium telescopium) di Pulau Rambut pada tahun 2022 dan 2023. Kepadatan Gastropoda didapatkan sebesar 24,9 ind/m2 dan 16,6 ind/m2. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis Gastropoda diperoleh sebesar 0,800 dan 0,765 yang tergolong rendah. Indeks kemerataan jenis Gastropoda didapatkan sebesar 0,728 dan 0,696 yang tergolong kemerataan merata. Tingkat dominansi diketahui terdapat spesies yang mendominansi. Pola persebaran di Pulau Rambut menunjukkan pola persebaran mengelompok dan seragam. Indeks kesamaan Jaccard menunjukkan semua stasiun mempunyai kesamaan komposisi jenis pada tahun 2022, sedangkan indeks kesamaan Jacaard pada tahun 2023 menunjukkan stasiun Barat mempunyai komposisi jenis yang berbeda. Korelasi kepadatan Gastropoda dan parameter lingkungan pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan kecuali suhu pada tahun 2022. Perbandingan kepadatan Gastropoda pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 memperlihatkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan, sedangkan perbandingan tipe sedimen lumpur pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan.

---

The level of rainfall causes fluctuations in abiotic factors in the mangrove ecosystem which have an impact in the mangrove ecosystem. The quality of the mangrove ecosystem affects the structure of the Gastropods community, especially at the Pulau Rambut in 2022 and 2023. The research aimed to analyze the structure of the Gastropods community (density, diversity, evenness, dominance, dispersion, and species similarity) and abiotic factors in Rambut Island. This research had another objective, which analyzed a comparison of the Gastropods community structure on Rambut Island in 2022 and 2023 due to the rainy season. Sampling was carried out using a line transect with quadrate in four stations followed by measurements of environmental parameters (air temperature, water salinity, and soil pH). Gastropods samples were identified through identification and analysis using density, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index, Simpson dominance index, dispersion index, and Jaccard similarity index. The results showed three types of Gastropods from Potamididae family (Terebralia sulcata, Terebralia palustris, and Telescopium telescopium) on Rambut Island in 2022 and 2023. Gastropods densities were 24.9 ind/m2 and 16.6 ind/m2. Gastropods species diversity index was obtained at 0.800 and 0.765 which were classified as low. Gastropods species evenness index was found to be 0.728 and 0.696 which were classified as even. The level of dominance was known to have a dominant species. The distribution pattern on Pulau Rambut showed a clustered and uniform distribution pattern. The Jaccard similarity index in 2022 showed that all stations had same species composition but the Jaccard similarity index in 2023 showed that the West stations had difference species composition. Correlation between Gastropods density and environmental parameters in 2022 dan 2023 showed no relationship except for temperature in 2022. Gastropods density comparison in 2022 and 2023 showed no significant difference, while mud sediment type comparison in 2022 and 2023 showed a significant difference."

"Penelitian mengenai mikroplastik pada teripang Holothuria leucospilota Brandt, 1835 , air, dan sedimen di Pulau Rambut, Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan jenis mikroplastik pada teripang, mengetahui korelasi antara jumlah mikroplastik pada organ respirasi, saluran pencernaan, sedimen yang dikonsumsi teripang, air, dan sedimen. Sampel teripang, air, dan sedimen diambil dari 3 stasiun berbeda, yaitu pada wilayah barat, timur, dan selatan Pulau Rambut. Analisis jumlah mikroplastik dilakukan dengan cara mengisolasi mikroplastik pada setiap sampel. Isolasi pada sampel teripang dilakukan dengan melarutkan organ respirasi dan saluran pencernaan di dalam larutan HNO3, sementara sampel air, sedimen, dan sedimen yang dikonsumsi dilakukan dengan cara pemisahan berdasarkan ukuran dan massa jenis dengan perendaman dalam larutan NaCl jenuh. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, organ respirasi mengandung jumlah film tertinggi dibandingkan organ lainnya, yaitu 4,7 partikel/g. Fiber dominan pada saluran pencernaan dan sedimen didalamnya, yaitu 2,34 dan 1,4 partikel/g secara berturut-turut. Rata-rata jumlah mikroplastik di air dan sedimen yaitu, 21,5 partikel/L air laut dan 15.420 partikel/kg sedimen kering. Mikroplastik jenis film dominan pada sampel air, sedangkan fragmen dominan pada sedimen. Terdapat korelasi antara jumlah mikroplastik pada organ respirasi dengan air; sedimen dengan sedimen yang dikonsumsi; fiber, film, dan granula pada sedimen yang dikonsumsi dengan saluran pencernaan.

---

The research on microplastic in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria leucospilota Brandt, 1835 , Water, and Sediment at Rambut Island, Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta aims to determine the amount and types of microplastic in sea cucumbers, the correlation of microplastic amount in the sea cucumber rsquo s respiratory organ, intestine, sediment consumed by the sea cucumber, water, and sediment. Microplastic polymeres were also identified. Samples of sea cucumbers, water, and sediments were collected from 3 different stations, which were the west, east, and south region of Rambut Island. The analysis of microplastic amount and types was done by isolating microplastics in each sample. The sea cucumber rsquo s respiratory organ and intestine was dissolved in HNO3, whereas separation by size and density by immersion in saturated NaCl solution was performed on the consumed sediment, water, and sediment samples. The respiratory organ contained the most amount of film, i.e. 4,7 particles g. Fiber were dominant in the intestine and the consumed sediment, i.e. 2,34 and 1,4 particles g respectively. The average amount of microplastic in water and sediment samples were 21,5 particles L sea water and 15.420 particles kg dry sediment. Film was dominant in water, while fragment was dominant in sediment. There was a correlation between the amount of microplastic in the respiratory organ and water sediment and consumed sediment fiber, film, and granule in the consumed sediment and intestine."

"Produksi plastik yang terus meningkat disertai sistem pengelolaan yang buruk menyebabkan tercemarnya lingkungan oleh limbah plastik. Pencemaran tersebut juga terjadi pada lautan dan daerah pesisir. Vegetasi mangrove di daerah pesisir dapat berperan sebagai perangkap bagi limbah plastik. Plastik-plastik yang terperangkap biasanya merupakan plastik dengan ukuran besar atau biasa disebut dengan makroplastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kerapatan mangrove jenis pohon, pancang, dan semai dengan kelimpahan makroplastik di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut, DKI Jakarta. Pengambilan data kerapatan mangrove dilakukan pada plot kuadran 10 x 10 m yang tersebar di 30 titik pada 7 stasiun pengamatan. Pengambilan data kelimpahan makroplastik dilakukan pada sub-plot kuadran berukuran 1 x 1 m yang berada di dalam plot kuadran mangrove dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Data-data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunkan uji korelasi Spearman. Terdapat korelasi signifikan yang bersifat positif sangat kuat antara kerapatan mangrove jenis pohon dengan kelimpahan makroplastik di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut. Kerapatan mangrove jenis pancang dengan kelimpahan makroplastik di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau rambut memiliki korelasi yang tidak signifikan dan bersifat negatif sangat lemah. Terdapat korelasi signifikan yang bersifat positif lemah antara kerapatan mangrove jenis semai dengan kelimpahan makroplastik di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut.

---

Plastic production continues to increase accompanied by poor management systems that causes environmental pollution by plastic waste. Pollution also occurs in the oceans and coastal areas. Mangrove vegetation in coastal areas can act as a trap for plastic waste. Trapped plastics are usually large plastics or commonly known as macroplastics. This research was conducted to determine the correlation between the density of mangrove tree species, saplings, and seedlings with macroplastic abundance in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve, DKI Jakarta. Mangrove density data was collected in 10 x 10 m quadrant which was spread over 30 points at 7 observation stations. Data collection on macroplastics abundance was carried out in the 1 x 1 m sub-plot quadrant which placed inside the mangrove quadrant plot with 3 repetitions. These data were then analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. There is a significant positive and very strong correlation between the density of mangrove tree species with the macroplastics abundance in Pulau Rambut. The density of sapling mangroves with macroplastic abundance in Pulau Rambut has an insignificant correlation and is very weakly negative. There is a significant correlation that is weak positive between the density of mangrove seedlings and the macroplastics abundance in Pulau Rambut."

"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kerang hijau Perna viridis berbagai ukuran, mengetahui organ tubuh kerang hijau yang paling banyak menyimpan mikroplastik, serta mengetahui korelasi antara kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kerang hijau, air, dan sedimen. Sampel kerang hijau, air, dan sedimen diambil dari 3 stasiun berbeda dengan jarak masing-masing sekitar 500 m. Analisis kelimpahan mikroplastik dilakukan dengan cara mengisolasi mikroplastik pada setiap sampel. Isolasi pada sampel kerang dilakukan dengan melarutkan kerang di dalam larutan HNO3 65, sementara sampel air dan sedimen dilakukan dengan cara pemisahan berdasarkan ukuran dan massa jenis dengan perendaman dalam larutan NaCl jenuh. Hasil yang didapatkan, yaitu rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kerang hijau ukuran 3, 6, dan 9 cm, yaitu 5,35; 24,99; dan 39,00 partikel/gram. Mikroplastik kelompok fiber dominan pada sampel kerang. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik di air dan sedimen, yaitu 13,15 partikel/L air laut dan 0,92 partikel/g sedimen kering. Mikroplastik kelompok film dominan pada sampel air dan sedimen. Sementara, kelompok pelet tidak ditemukan pada ketiga sampel. Terdapat korelasi antara kelimpahan mikroplastik dengan ukuran cangkang kerang, maupun dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik kelompok film dan fiber pada air dan sedimen.

---

Research on abundance of microplastic in green mussel Perna viridis, water and sediments in Kamal Muara, North Jakarta has been done. The research determined the abundance of microplastic in green mussel of various sizes, the organ of the green mussels most storey microplastic, and the correlation between abundance of microplastic in green mussel, water, and sediment. Samples of green mussel, water and sediments were taken from 3 different stations with a distance of about 500 meters each. Analysis of abundance of microplastic was done by isolating microplastic in each sample. The isolation of the green mussel samples was done by dissolving the mussels in the HNO3 solution, while the water and sediment samples were performed by separation by size and density by immersion in a saturated NaCl solution.

The results obtained were, on average, abundance of microplastic in green mussel size 3, 6, and 9 cm ie, 5.35 24.99 and 39,00 particles gram. Microplastic fiber was dominant in mussel sample. The average abundance of microplastic in water and sediment are 13.15 particles L of sea water and 0.92 particles gram of dry sediment. Microplastic film was dominant in water and sediment samples. Meanwhile, pellet was not found in all three samples. There was a correlation between abundance of microplastic with green mussel size, as well as with abundance of microplastic of film and fiber in water and sediment."

"Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm dan menjadi salah satu polutan di badan air. Mikroplastik termasuk emerging contaminant dan keberadaannya telah ditemukan di berbagai sungai. Sungai digunakan oleh manusia sebagai sumber air baku untuk air minum sehingga kualitasnya harus terjaga untuk mencegah dampak buruknya bagi manusia. Mikroplastik yang terakumulasi pada tubuh manusia dapat menyebabkan peradangan pada organ, cedera internal dan/atau eksternal, transformasi kandungan kimia plastik ke dalam tubuh, dan penurunan kesuburan. Penelitian perlu dilakukan di salah satu sungai dengan dampak terbesar di Jakarta, yaitu Sungai Ciliwung yang digunakan sebagai sumber air baku bagi masyarakat Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jumlah partikel mikroplastik, mengidentifikasi karakteristik partikel mikroplastik berdasarkan jenis, wana, dan material, serta menganalisis pengaruh kondisi cuaca terhadap kelimpahan partikel mikroplastik. Objek penelitian ini adalah air dan sedimen di Sungai Ciliwung dengan 7 titik lokasi pengambilan sampel dan 2 waktu pengambilan sampel. Pengambilan sampel air menggunakan plankton net untuk menyaring air sebanyak 10 liter. Preparasi sampel air dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan mikroplastik berdasarkan densitas, menghilangkan kandungan organik, menyaring dengan kertas saring, lalu menganalisis mikroplastik dengan mikroskop. Pengambilan sampel sedimen menggunakan Ekman grab sampler sebanyak 400 ml. Pengujian sampel sedimen hampir sama dengan sampel air dengan adanya penambahan pengeringan sampel menggunakan oven pada awal preparasi sampel. Analisis kelimpahan mikroplastik menggunakan metode adaptasi NOAA untuk air dan sedimen sungai. Identifikasi karakteristik material mikroplastik menggunakan uji FTIR untuk menghasilkan gugus ikatan kimia material. Analisis hubungan kelimpahan mikroplastik dengan cuaca dilakukan dengan paired t-test. Penelitian menghasilkan rata-rata kelimpahan pada air sebanyak 1.111 partikel/L dan pada sedimen sebanyak 1.583 partikel/100 gram. Jenis mikroplastik di Sungai Ciliwung ada fragmen, fiber, film, microbeads, dan foam dengan jenis paling mendominasi yaitu fragmen. Warna mikroplastik yang teridentifikasi di Sungai Ciliwung ada hitam, merah, biru, hijau, kuning, dan transparan, serta warna hitam merupakan warna dominan pada sampel. Material yang ditemukan pada sampel adalah Tencel, cellopha, cupra, PTFE, FEP, PVFM, dan silicon. Tencel adalah material yang ditemukan pada semua sampel. Cuaca tidak mempengaruhi kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kondisi curah hujan tinggi dan rendah.

---

Microplastic is plastic particle that is less than 5 mm in size and is one of the pollutants in water bodies. Microplastics are emerging contaminants and their presence has been found in various rivers. Rivers are used by humans as a source of raw water for drinking water so that its quality must be maintained to prevent adverse effects on humans. Microplastics that accumulate in human body can cause inflammation of organs, internal and/or external injury, transformation of plastic chemical substances in human body, and decreased fertility. Research needs to be conducted in one of the rivers with the greatest impact in Jakarta, the Ciliwung River, which is used as a source of raw water for the people in Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the number of microplastic particles, identify the characteristics of microplastic particles based on type, color, and material, and analyze the effect of weather conditions on the abundance of microplastic particles. The object of this research is water and sediment in the Ciliwung River with 7 sampling locations and 2 sampling times. Water sampling used a plankton net to filter 10 liters of water. Preparation of water samples is done by separating microplastics based on density, removing organic content, filtering with filter paper, then analyzing microplastics with a microscope. Sediment sampling uses an Ekman grab sampler in the amount of 400 ml. Sediment sample testing is almost the same as water samples with the addition of drying samples using an oven at the beginning of sample preparation. Analysis of microplastic abundance uses the NOAA adaptation method for water and river sediments. Identification of microplastic material characteristics uses the FTIR test to produce material chemical bond. Analysis of the relationship between microplastic abundance and weather is done with paired t-test. The study resulted in an average abundance in water of 1,111 particles/L and in sediment of 1,583 particles/100 grams. The types of microplastics in the Ciliwung River are fragments, fibers, films, microbeads, and foam with the most dominating type is fragments. The color of microplastics identified in the Ciliwung River is black, red, blue, green, yellow, and transparent, and black is the dominant color in the sample. The materials found in the samples are Tencel, cellopha, cupra, PTFE, FEP, PVFM, and silicon. Tencel was the material found in all samples. Weather did not affect the abundance of microplastics in high and low rainfall conditions. "

"Mangrove memiliki kemampuan menyimpan dan menyerap karbon dalam biomassa hidup maupun mati, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya produktivitas serasah, besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan, laju dekomposisi serasah, potensi karbon yang dapat diserap dan disimpan oleh hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September-November 2020 dan Maret-Juni 2021. Metode pengambilan data terkait komposisi vegetasi dan stok karbon menggunakan purposive sampling dan dihitung dengan persamaan allometrik. Produktivitas serasah dan laju dekomposisi diukur selama 42 hari dengan pengamatan setiap 2 minggu sekali. Serasah yang dilepas ke perairan diukur dengan menyaring serasah ketika air laut surut. Karbon pada sedimen diukur dengan mengambil sedimen pada kedalaman 0—30 cm. Vegetasi pohon dan pancang didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata dan semai oleh Excoecaria agallocha. Stok karbon dan serapan karbon pada hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut sebesar 278,60 ton/ha dan 951,41 ton/ha. Stok karbon pada sedimen sebesar 19,36 ton/ha. Besarnya produktivitas serasah dan potensi karbonnya sebesar 2,741 g/m2/hari dan 9,72 g/m2/hari. Laju dekomposisi paling cepat diraih oleh Rhizophora mucronata yaitu 0,191 g/hari. Besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan adalah 21,27 g/m3/hari dengan kandungan karbon sebesar 50,82%.

---

Mangroves have the ability to store and absorb carbon in living and dead biomass, and sediments. This study aims to determine the amount of litter productivity, the amount of litter released into the waters, the rate of litter decomposition, the potential for carbon that can be absorbed and stored by the Rambut Island mangrove forest. The research was conducted from September-November 2020 and March-June 2021. Methods of collecting data related to the composition of vegetation and carbon stock using purposive sampling and calculated by allometric equations. Litter productivity and decomposition rate were measured for 42 days with observations every 2 weeks. Litter released into the waters is measured by filtering litter when the sea water recedes. Carbon in the sediment was measured by taking sediment at a depth of 0-30 cm. Tree vegetation and saplings were dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and seedlings by Excoecaria agallocha. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration in Rambut Island mangrove forest were 278.60 tons/ha and 951.41 tons/ha, respectively. Carbon stock in sediment is 19.36 ton/ha. The amount of litter productivity and carbon potential are 2.741 g/m2/day and 9.72 g/m2/day. The fastest decomposition rate was achieved by Rhizophora mucronata, which was 0.191 g/day. The amount of litter released into the waters is 21.27 g/m3/day with a carbon content of 50.82%."