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"Penelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh pertumbuhan harga rumah, pertumbuhan PDB, pertumbuhan suku bunga kredit hunian, pertumbuhan suku bunga deposito, dan pertumbuhan proporsi pengangguran di negara-negara ASEAN pada periode 2016-2022 terhadap pertumbuhan kredit rumah. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik dan model regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan harga rumah, pertumbuhan PDB, dan suku bunga deposito memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan kredit rumah. Namun, pertumbuhan suku bunga kredit hunian dan pertumbuhan proporsi pengangguran memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan kredit rumah. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pihak berkepentingan di negara-negara ASEAN dalam merumuskan kebijakan ekonomi dan perumahan guna mendorong pertumbuhan sektor perumahan yang berkelanjutan.

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This research investigates the impact of housing price growth, GDP growth, residential mortgage interest rate growth, deposit interest rate growth, and unemployment rate growth in ASEAN countries during the period of 2016-2022 on the growth of housing credit. The data is analyzed using statistical methods and regression models. The findings reveal that housing price growth, GDP growth, and deposit interest rate growth have a significant positive impact on housing credit growth. Conversely, residential mortgage interest rate growth and unemployment rate growth have a significant negative impact on housing credit growth. These results provide valuable insights for stakeholders in ASEAN countries to formulate economic and housing policies to encourage sustainable growth in the housing sector."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan kredit bermasalah perbankan, yang secara umum dikategorikan menjadi dua faktor, yaitu faktor makroekonomi dan faktor spesifik perbankan. Pengujian dilakukan pada negara-negara sampel dengan sistem ekonomi bank-centered, yaitu Indonesia, Thailand, dan Malaysia. Data pengujian menggunakan metode panel data dinamis, dengan periode pengujian yang dimulai pada kuarter pertama tahun 2009 hingga kuarter pertama 2017. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya perbedaan antara komposisi variabel determinan kredit bermasalah sistem perbankan pada masing ndash; masing negara. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga membuktikan sifat kredit bermasalah di setiap negara yang cenderung terjadi secara berkelanjutan persistent atau dinamis, tercermin pada efek marjinal kredit bermasalah di periode selanjutnya.

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This study aims to identify determinants of banking non performing loans, which are generally divided into two factors, namely macroeconomic factors and bank specific factors. The test is performed with sample countries characterized with bank based economy, comprising Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia. This research employs dynamic panel data method, with period covering the first quarter of 2009 to the first quarter of 2017. The result suggests that there are different composition of non performing loans determinants for each country under study. Moreover, it also shows the persistent nature of non performing loans, reflected on its marginal effect for non performing loans in the next period."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas perbandingan kinerja bank antar negara di ASEANterutama di negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand dan Filipina yangterdaftar pada bursa efek masing-masing negara untuk tahun penelitian 2007-2011dengan mengunakan metode EVA dalam mengukur penciptaan nilai tambah bagipemegang saham di bank tersebut. Penelitian ini juga meneliti tentang pengaruhEVA dan rasio finansial perusahaan seperti Earning Per Share (EPS), Return OnAsset (ROA), dan Return On Equity (ROE) terhadap stock return di masingmasingnegara dan secara keseluruhan baik secara parsial maupun EVAdigabungkan dengan rasio finansial perusahaan terhadap stock return di masingmasingnegara dan secara keseluruhan. Pada perhitungan EVA didapatkan hasilbahwa Indonesia, Thailand dan Filipina pergerakan EVA mengikuti pergerakanGDP setiap tahunnya sedangkan di negara Singapura dan Malaysia hasil EVAterpengaruh oleh krisis finansial 2008 tetapi memiliki trend naik. Dalampengukuran pengaruh EVA dan rasio finansial perusahaan didapatkan hasil yaitusecara parsial hanya di negara Singapura dengan EPS dan negara Filipina denganROE dan ROA yang mempunyai pengaruh pada stock return sedangkan di negaralainnya tidak signifikan, untuk pengukuran EVA digabungkan dengan masingmasingrasio finansial perusahaan hanya di negara Filipina dengan EVA bersamaROA yang mempunyai pengaruh pada stock return sedangkan di negara lainnyatidak signifikan.

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ABSTRACTThis study discusses the comparisons between the performance of banks inASEAN countries, especially in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand andPhilippines, and is it listed on the stock exchange of each country of the year2007-2011 periods by using the EVA method in measuring value creation forshareholders of bank. This study also examines the effect of EVA and firmfinancial ratios such as Earnings Per Share (EPS), Return on Assets (ROA) andReturn on Equity (ROE) on stock return in each country and overall, partially orEVA combined with each financial ratios of the company's on stock return in eachcountry and overall. In the EVA calculation showed that Indonesia, Thailand andthe Philippines, EVA movement follows the movement of GDP each year in thatcountries, while Singapore and Malaysia, EVA results are affected by the 2008financial crisis but has a rising trend. In measuring the effect of EVA andcorporate financial ratios partially the results are only in Singapore with EPS andin Philippines with ROE and ROA have an influence on stock returns, while inother countries are not significant, for the measurement of EVA coupled witheach company's financial ratios only in the Philippines with EVA coupled withROA that have an influence on stock returns, while in other countries are notsignificant."

"Changes in economic sector are main factor for economic growth in every economics. History showed that in development process of many countries,including Malaysia and Indonesia,there is a transition from agricultural to industrial and services sector...."

"Penelitian ini meneliti pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan dan karakteristik negara terhadap tingkat utang perusahaan dengan proksi leverage. Observasi dilakukan terhadap 63 perusahaan di Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, dan Filipina selama kurun waktu 2002-2011. Data yang digunakan merupakan data panel yang bersumber dari data perusahaan dan data negara terkait. Dengan menggunakan model estimasi Generalized Least Square, didapatkan hasil bahwa karakteristik perusahaan dan karakteristik negara memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap leverage. Ditemukan pula bahwa adanya perbedaan pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan terhadap leverage antar negara. Selain itu, karakteristik perusahaan dan karakteristik negara secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap leverage.

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This research examines the impact of firm- and country-specific factors on leverage. 63 firms in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Philippines are observed within period of 2002-2011. By using panel data of firm and country data and by using Generalized Least Square estimation model, research finds that firm- and country-specific factors significantly affect leverage. It also discovers that there are some differences in the effect of firm-specific factors on leverage among the countries. Firm- and country-specific factors altogether also significantly affect leverage."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh defisit fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia tahun 1990-2012. Metode yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square dan Vector Error Correction Model. Tes-tes ekonometri yang dilakukan adalah Dickey Fuller, Augmented Dickey Fuller, dan Philip Perron unit root test, serta uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari defisit fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, pemerintah disarankan untuk mengambil kebijakan fiskal yang ekspansif dengan implementasi berupa peningkatan belanja negara sehingga mendorong permintaan agregat. Namun, pemerintah perlu mewaspadai berkurangnya dampak investasi yang diakibatkan dari naiknya suku bunga riil (crowding out). Kebijakan defisit dengan sumbersumber pembiayaan yang mendorong peningkatan jumlah uang beredar pun harus dilaksanakan secara hati-hati. Pemerintah juga perlu meningkatkan penerimaan sektor perpajakan.

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This research is conducted to know the influence of fiscal deficit to economic growth in Indonesia from 1990 to 2012. Ordinary Least Square and Vector Error Correction Model are used as research method. Dickey Fuller (DF), Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), and Philip Perron unit root test are used as econometric test. Other diagnostic tests like multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation are performed. The result showed that there is a significant influence of fiscal deficit to economic growth. Based on this result, government should take expansive fiscal policy by implementing increase in public expenditure that can encourage agregat demand. However, expansive fiscal policy through fiscal deficit from financing resources that support the increase the amount of money in circulation must be conducted prudently. Government should also increase the capacity of national revenue from tax."

"The pattern of economic growth in Indonesia between 1995 and 2005 was analyzed to determine structural changes that occurred in Indonesia. A hypothetical analysis of Deviation from Proportional Growth was used in this study to better understand the structural change of a country by assuming a virtual economic structure. The author analyzed the Indonesian National Input-Output Table of 1995, 2000, and 2005 extracted from the Asian International Input-Output Table. A comparative study was also conducted for Malaysia and Thailand during the same period. The results revealed a shift away from the agricultural sector towards non-agricultural sectors in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand between 1995 and 2005, confirming the existence of industrialization in these countries. Although the countries had a similar pattern of growth which is contributed mainly by the expansion of export from 1995–2000, the pattern of growth among the three countries was divergent from 2000–2005."