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"In Nigeria, the economic problem of allocating energy to medicare have long been a major concern and standardized indices to be used as guidance are non-existent. This paper determines energy indices for assessment of how Nigerian hospitals prioritize their energy utilization. Systematic field surveys followed by in-depth statistical analysis were adopted. The hospitals were stratified into four categories for the investigation. Then, questionnaires were designed, randomly administered and their responses generated in conversation with workers at 70 hospitals in Nigeria. Results of the analysis show that an average hospital in Nigeria, depending on its category, uses energy as follows: rural 66.936kWh/day; urban 343.23 kWh/day; specialist 454.872 kWh/day and teaching 1,944.394 kWh/day. Lighting is shown as a critical energy function and accounts for as much as 15%, 36%, 40.5% and 69.5% of daily energy use in rural, urban, specialist and teaching hospitals, respectively. A productivity based energy performance indicator for each hospital category works out to be 3.346 kWh/bed space/day, 2.367 kWh/bed space/day, 4.548 kWh/bed space/day and 19.443 kWh/bed space/day, respectively, for typical rural, urban, specialist and teaching hospitals. The respective Building Energy Index (BEI) values for the categories of hospitals are as follows: rural 0.13 kWh/m2/day; urban 0.077 kWh/m2/day; specialist 0.088 kWh/m2/day and teaching 0.277 kWh/m2/day. The low BEI implies that the buildings have lower rates of sick building syndrome symptoms. Also, auto-generation is predominantly used in all the hospitals, when grid utility supply is unavailable."

"Pengenalan sistem zonasi ke dalam ruang politik Nigeria adalah untuk membantu kelancaran rotasi politik utama di seluruh negeri. Kebijakan ini untuk mewujudkan keadlian, perdamaian dan pemerataan sumber daya. Efek buruknya terhadap ekonomi adalah sesuatu yang perlu dikhawatirkan. Oleh karena itu, studi ini meneliti pengaruh sistem zonasi demokratis terhadap ekonomi NIgeria, dengan referensi khusus ke negara bagian Niger. Mempekerjakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi berganda. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa unsur-unsur zonasi demokratis vis-a-vis; perdamaian, keadilan, persatuan dan keadilan memilki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Nigeria. Oleh karena itu penulis merekomendasikan kepada pemerintah di kedua tingkat tersebut untuk fokus pada penyediaan proyek pembangunan simultan untuk membuka jalan bagi perdamaian dan kesatuan, sistem zonasi harus dimasukkan ke dalam konstitusi Nigeria, distribusi sumber daya yang tidak bias dan merata di seluruh ekonomi."

"ABSTRAKMeningkatnya populasi ialah suatu aset, selama keterampilan tenaga kerja digunakan semaksimal mungkin. Jika tidak disalurkan dengan benar, itu bisa menjadi kewajiban bagi sebuah negara. Populasi yang terampil dan pekerja keras dapat muncul sebagai fondasi suatu negara. Studi ini menguji validitas Teori Malthusian di Nigeria degan menggunakan data deret waktu dari tahun 1960 sampai 2016, menggunakan teknik uji terikat ARDL. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka panjang, pertumbuhan penduduk dan produksi pangan bergerak secara proporsional, sementara pertumbuhan penduduk menimbulkan dampak yang menipis pada produksi pangan dalam jangka pendek, sehingga memvalidasi kejadian efek Malthus pada ekonomi Nigeria dalam jangka pendek. Peneliti merekomendasikan agar pemerintah menyusun rencana strategis, yang selanjutnya akan mengintensifkan ukuran keluarga berencana dan pengendalian kelahiran, pendidikan barat wajib dan revitalisasi sektor pertanian."

"The introduction of the Affordable Care Act in the United States, the increasing use of prescription drugs, and the alleged abuse of racial profiling by police are just some of the factors contributing to twenty-first-century social problems. The Cambridge Handbook of Social Problems offers a wide-ranging roster of the social problems currently pressing for attention and amelioration. Unlike other works in this area, it also gives great consideration to theoretical and methodological discussions. This Handbook will benefit both undergraduate and graduate students eager to understand the sociology of social problems. It is suitable for classes in social problems, current events, and social theory. Featuring the most current research, the Handbook provides an especially useful resource for sociologists and graduate students conducting research."

"This paper examines industrialization policy in two oil giant economies, Indonesia and Nigeria. What are the key features of continued economic divergence in these two countries since the 1980s? It shows that Indonesia?s policy-makers adopted a series of liberalization measures and switched to an export-oriented strategy to develop manufacturing industries from the mid-1980s, while Nigeria?s policy-makers was reluctant to do so. This paper also seeks to understand the rationale behind the different policy choices. This paper argues that policy-makers? experience and educational background are possible explanation to the different industrialization policies in these two countries."