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"This book offers an essential guide to Wireless Sensor Networks, IoT Security, Image Processing, Secure Information Systems, and Data Encryption. In addition, it introduces students and aspiring practitioners to the subject of destination marketing in a structured manner. It is chiefly intended for researcher students in the areas of Wireless Sensor Networks and Secure Data Communication (including image encryption, and intrusion detection systems), academics at universities and colleges, IT professionals, policymakers and legislators.Given its content, the book can be used as a reference text for both undergraduate and graduate studies, in courses on Wireless Sensor Networks, Secure Image Processing, and Data Encryption applications. The book is written in plain and easy-to-follow language and explains each main concept the first time it appears, helping readers with no prior background in the field. As such, it is a “must-read” guide to the subject matter."

"This book presents on the latest research findings, and innovative research methods and development techniques related to the emerging areas of broadband and wireless computing from both theoretical and practical perspectives.Information networking is evolving rapidly with various kinds of networks with different characteristics emerging and being integrated into heterogeneous networks. As a result, a number of interconnection problems can occur at different levels of the communicating entities and communication networks’ hardware and software design. These networks need to manage an increasing usage demand, provide support for a significant number of services, guarantee their QoS, and optimize the network resources.The success of all-IP networking and wireless technology has changed the way of life for people around the world, and the advances in electronic integration and wireless communications will pave the way for access to the wireless networks on the fly. This in turn means that all electronic devices will be able to exchange the information with each other in a ubiquitous way whenever necessary."

"The demand for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has increased enormously because of its great ability to supervise the outside world as well as due to its vast range of applications. Since these sensor nodes depend greatly on battery power and being deployed in adverse environments, substituting the battery is a tiresome job. Cluster-based routing techniques are prominent methods to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this research, the work on energy efficient clustering approach is considered in two phases. During the cluster head selection phase, cluster heads are chosen which can stabilize the power consumption in sensor networks, by considering both the residual energy and distance of node with respect to sink. Later, during the cluster formation phase, a non-cluster head node will choose a cluster head that lies in close proximity with the center point between the sensor nodes and sink. Also, these non-cluster head nodes should be within the transmission range of the cluster head, as selected by the above method. Initially, the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) which is an eminent protocol for sensor networks is investigated. Furthermore, the same LEACH protocol is enhanced by proposing an effective cluster head election scheme as well as a new cluster formation scheme as mentioned above. Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional LEACH protocol in prolonging network lifetime."

"Wireless sensor network (WSN) adalah sekelompok node sensor yang mengambil data dengan parameter pengukuran tertentu dan kemudian mengirim data secara nirkabel ke node pusat atau server untuk pemrosesan data. Salah satu hal yang paling penting dalam WSN adalah umur dari jaringan. Node sensor dalam WSN dirancang agar memiliki bentuk yang kecil sehingga mudah untuk dipindahkan, diganti dan rendah biaya produksi. Untuk mendukung desain tersebut maka energi dari node sensor dalam WSN biasanya tergantung baterai yang terintegrasi. Sehingga umur dari WSN tergantung pada kapasitas baterai dari masing-masing node sensor. Node sensor harus bekerja seefisien mungkin agar penggunaan energi dapat lebih hemat sehingga umur WSN bisa lebih panjang. Semakin lama umur WSN, maka diharapkan semakin tinggi total data atau semakin banyak data yang dikirimkan. Pada proses transmisi data, node sensor mengkonsumsi lebih banyak energi daripada saat melakukan proses data; Oleh karena itu, WSN perlu menggunakan metode routing untuk menghemat energi pada saat proses transmisi. Salah satu dari banyak cara untuk memperpanjang umur WSN adalah dengan menggunakan konsep pengelompokan node atau disebut dengan metode klaster. Salah satu protokol routing yang menggunakan konsep klaster adalah LEACH. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode routing DivNCGL yang dimodifikasi berdasarkan LEACH dengan cara mendistribusikan cluster heads (CHs) untuk mencegah terpilihnya CH yang berdekatan. Proses distribusi dilakukan dengan cara membagi luas area sebaran node diawal proses set-up menjadi subregion. Proses pembagian subregion menggunakan nilai probabilitas yang didapatkan dengan metode non-cooperative game berdasarkan sisa node aktif, nilai energi total yang tersisa, dan energi yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan transmisi. Parameter evalusi dilihat dari umur jaringan, total disipasi energi dan total data terkirim. Perbandingan simulasi akan melihat dari 3 metode yaitu LEACH, LEACH dengan probabilitas non-cooperative game (NCGL), dan DivNCGL. Dari hasil simulasi, umur WSN menggunakan metode DivNCGL meningkat lebih dari 30% dengan disipasi energi yang stabil dibandingkan dengan protokol LEACH. Peningkatan umur WSN akan meningkatkan jumlah data yang dikirimkan dan data yang diterima dengan menggunakan metode DivNCGL meningkat mencapai 70% dibandingkan dengan LEACH.

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A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a group of sensor nodes that take data with specific measurement parameters and then send the data wirelessly to a central node or server for data processing. One of the most critical things in WSN is the age of the network. The sensor nodes in WSN are designed to be compact, so they are easy to move or replace, with low production costs. To support the compact design of sensor nodes, the energy from the sensor nodes in the WSN usually depends on the integrated battery. So the lifespan of the WSN depends on the battery capacity of each sensor node. The sensor node must work as efficiently as possible so that energy use can be more efficient so that the WSN life can be longer. The longer the lifespan of the WSN, it is expected for higher total data sent. In the data transmission process, the sensor node consumes more energy than when processing data; Therefore, WSN needs to use a routing method to save energy during the transmission process. One of the many ways to extend the life of the WSN is to use the concept of grouping nodes or the so-called cluster method. One of the routing protocols that use the cluster concept is LEACH. This study proposes the DivNCGL routing method, a modified method based on LEACH by distributing cluster heads (CHs) to prevent the selection of adjacent CH. The distribution process is carried out by dividing the distribution area of ​​the nodes at the beginning of the setup process into subregions. The subregion division process uses the probability value obtained by the non-cooperative game method based on the remaining active nodes, the total remaining energy, and the energy required for transmission. Parameter evaluation is seen from network lifetime, total energy dissipation, and total data sent. The simulation comparison will look at 3 methods, namely LEACH, LEACH with probability non-cooperative game (NCGL), and DivNCGL. From the simulation results, the lifespan of WSN using the DivNCGL method increased up to 30% with stable energy dissipation compared to the LEACH protocol. The increasing lifespan of the WSN also increases the amount of data transmitted. Using the DivNCGL method, the received data increased up to 70% compared to LEACH."

"WSN merupakan jaringan sensor berskala besar dengan sumber daya yang terbatas. WSN digunakan pada aplikasi yang bersifat spesifik seperti untuk militer, survei, industri sampai pada pemakaian umum. Masalah yang dihadapi WSN adalah keterbatasan sumber daya dan jaringan yang selalu berubah sehingga membutuhkan algoritma yang tepat."

"This SpringerBrief introduces the basics of wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs). In particular, the background and concept of WPCNs are briefly discussed. Moreover, this brief provides an extensive study of the recent developments in this area from an optimization perspective. Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a new network paradigm for IoT, where wireless devices (WDs) are powered by radio frequency (RF) based wireless power transfer (WPT) to eliminate the need for recharging or replacing the batteries manually and to prolong their lifetime.In this context, the brief also discusses some optimization problems for state-of-the-art scenarios of wireless powered communication networks.The target audiences for this SpringerBrief are researchers, engineers, and undergraduate and graduate-level students, who are studying or working in wireless powered communication networks and its performance optimization."

"This SpringerBrief discusses the applications of spare representation in wireless communications, with a particular focus on the most recent developed compressive sensing (CS) enabled approaches. With the help of sparsity property, sub-Nyquist sampling can be achieved in wideband cognitive radio networks by adopting compressive sensing, which is illustrated in this brief, and it starts with a comprehensive overview of compressive sensing principles. Subsequently, the authors present a complete framework for data-driven compressive spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks, which guarantees robustness, low-complexity, and security. Particularly, robust compressive spectrum sensing, low-complexity compressive spectrum sensing, and secure compressive sensing based malicious user detection are proposed to address the various issues in wideband cognitive radio networks. Correspondingly, the real-world signals and data collected by experiments carried out during TV white space pilot trial enables data-driven compressive spectrum sensing. The collected data are analysed and used to verify our designs and provide significant insights on the potential of applying compressive sensing to wideband spectrum sensing. This SpringerBrief provides readers a clear picture on how to exploit the compressive sensing to process wireless signals in wideband cognitive radio networks. Students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners, and engineers working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief very useful as a short reference or study guide book. Industry managers, and government research agency employees also working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief useful as well."

"Covers the low-power Wireless sensor network (WSN) services ranging from hardware platforms and communication protocols to network deployment, and sensor data collection and actuation. This book explains the implications of resource constraints and expected performance in terms of throughput, reliability and latency. "

"Saat ini terdapat beberapa protokol pada Application Layer yang berjalan di sistem Internet of Things. Protocol seperti MQTT, CoAP, XMPP, dan DDS memiliki arsitektur dan kinerja yang berbeda-beda. Pada jaringan sensor nirkabel yang memiliki daya rendah, bandwidth rendah dan reliabilitas yang terbatas lebih cocok menggunakan CoAP. Namun, CoAP menderita skalabilitas yang buruk jika dibandingkan dengan MQTT. Oleh sebab itu penelitian skripsi ini fokus pada implementasi CoAP Broker yang memungkinkan CoAP menggunakan arsitektur yang serupa dengan MQTT. Penelitian ini mengimplementasi Access Gateway dan beberapa skenario skalabilitas, meliputi skenario pemantauan sensor dan pengedalian aktuator pada peternakan ayam yang memiliki kandang ayam lebih dari satu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan keberhasilan mengimplementasi CoAP Broker beserta dengan skenario yang disebutkan dengan hasil evaluasi kinerja menunjukan latency yang belum menunjukan congestion saat menangani 130 permintaan per detik dan error-rate yang baik dengan nilai yang sangat rendah antara 0.01 - 0.04.

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Currently there are several Application Layer protocols running in Internet of Things system. Protocols such as MQTT, CoAP, XMPP, and DDS have different architectures and performance. For wireless sensor networks operating in low power, low bandwidth and with limited reliability, is more suitable to use CoAP. However, CoAP suffers from scalability problem which make it inferior to MQTT architecture. Therefore this research focuses on CoAP Broker implementation which enables MQTT like architecture to be implemented in CoAP.

This research aims to implement Access Gateway and several scalability scenarios, involving sensor monitoring scenarios and actuator controls on chicken farms that have more than one chicken coop. The results of this research shows the success of implementing CoAP Broker along with the mentioned scenarios with performance evaluation results show the latency which has not indicate any congestion when handling 130 requests per second and good error rate with very low value between 0.01 0.04."

"This book focuses on non-GNSS positioning systems and approaches. Although it addresses both theoretical and practical aspects, the primary focus is on engineering practice. This is achieved by providing in-depth studies on a number of major topics such as tracking system architecture, link budget, system design, implementation, testing, and performance evaluation. It studies four positioning application cases in detail: covert vehicle tracking, horse racing, rowing, and tracking for field sports.Its comprehensive and systematic treatment of practical issues in wireless positioning makes the book particularly suitable for readers who are interested in learning about practical wireless positioning solutions. It will also benefit researchers, engineers and graduate students in fields such as positioning and navigation, geospatial engineering and telecommunications."