Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Latar belakang: EE dan/atau latihan fisik dapat meningkatkan memori spasial dan menginduksi peningkatan ekspresi Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pada hipokampus tikus Wistar jantan usia 7 bulan. BDNF berikatan dengan reseptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) menyebabkan TrKB terfosforilasi, menghasilkan perekrutan protein yang mengaktifkan tiga kaskade transduksi sinyal. BDNF dapat meningkatkan kadar dan aktivitas reseptor NMDA sehingga terjadi perubahan jangka panjang pada aktivitas sinaps. Belum diketahui bagaimana pengaruh pemberian kombinasi EE dan latihan aerobik terhadap ekspresi pTrkB dan pNMDAR.Tujuan: Menganalisis ekspresi reseptor pTrkB dan ekspresi pNMDAR yang dipicu oleh persinyalan BDNF pada hipokampus tikus yang diberikan model EE dan/atau latihan fisik aerobik.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 24 tikus Wistar jantan usia 7 bulan, berat badan 250–350 gr, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: Kontrol (K), Aerobik (A) diberi latihan fisik 5x/mimggu treadmill kecepatan 20 m/menit 30 menit/hari, EE, dan kombinasi latihan fisik EE (AEE). Perlakuan diberikan selama 8 minggu dan dilakukan pengukuran ekpresi pTrkB dan pNMDAR dengan western blot, memori spasial diukur dengan forced alteration Y-maze.Hasil: Fosforilasi TrkB pada situs Tyr705 dan fosforilasi NMDA pada situs Tyr 1336 kelompok kombinasi lebih baik dari kontrol namun peningkatan tidak bermakna secara statistik. Fungsi memori spasial jangka pendek kelompok EE lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol.Kesimpulan: EE kontinu dapat meningkatkan fungsi memori spasial jangka pendek tikus, kombinasi EE dan latihan aerobik cenderung meningkatkan pTrkB dan pNMDAR namun tidak bermakna secara statistik.

---

Background: EE and/or aerobic exercise can improve spatial memory and induce increased expression of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats aged 7 months. BDNF binds to the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) induce phosphorilating of TrKB, resulting the recruitment of a protein that activates three signal transduction cascades. BDNF can increase the levels and activity of the NMDA receptors, resulting in long-term changes in synaptic activity. The effect of combination of continuous EE and aerobic exercise on hippocampus pTrkB and pNMDAR expression is not yet known.

Objective: To analyze pTrkB receptor expression and pNMDAR expression induced by BDNF signaling in the hippocampus of mice given EE models and / or aerobic exercise.

Methods: Experimental study using 24 male Wistar rats aged 7 months, weight 250–350 gr, divided into 4 groups: Control (K), Aerobics (A) given 5x physical exercise/week with treadmill speed 20 m/min 30 minutes/day, EE, combination of physical exercise and EE (AEE). Treatment was administered for 8 weeks and the phosphorylation of TrkB and NMDA receptors measured with Western blot, spatial memory measured by forced alteration of Y-maze.

Result:The combination group of TrkB phosphorylation at Tyr705 site and NMDA phosphorylation at the Tyr 1336 site were better than the control group but the increase was not statistically significant. The EE group's short-term spatial memory function was better than the control group.

Conclusion: Continuous EE can improve mouse short-term spatial memory function, combination of EE and aerobic exercise tends to increase pTrkB and pNMDAR but not statistically significant."

"ABSTRAKPaparan environmental enrichment EE memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap fungsi otak, salah satunya memperbaiki fungsi kognisi. EE memiliki berbagai aspek seperti interaksi sosial, stimulasi objek, dan aktivitas fisik. Latihan fisik aerobik dan EE dianggap dapat memperbaiki fungsi kognisi melalui mekanisme yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh latihan fisik aerobik A , model EE, dan kombinasi model EE disertai latihan fisik aerobik EEA terhadap fungsi memori spasial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in vivo pada tikus wistar jantan usia enam bulan yang diberikan latihan fisik aerobik, model EE, dan kombinasi model EE disertai latihan fisik aerobik selama enam minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan fungsi memori spasial antar kelompok perlakuan yang ditinjau dari waktu tempuh dan jumlah kesalahan. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan kajian ekspresi protein, model EE lebih cepat dalam meningkatkan neuroplastisitas daripada latihan aerobik saja bahkan model EE saja tidak berbeda dengan kombinasi model EE disertai latihan fisik aerobik pada ekspresi protein SYP, subunit GluR1 AMPAR, dan PSD-95.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model EE sudah cukup baik dalam meningkatkan neuroplastisitas. Dengan demikian, stimulus yang lebih kompleks seperti model EE dapat digunakan sebagai metode dalam pencegahan demensia sejak dini.

---

ABSTRACTExposure to environmental enrichment EE has a positive effects on brain function, including improved cognition through increased neuroplasticity. This study aimed to directly differentiate between the effects of enriched environment EE , aerobic exercise A , and the combination of enrichment and aerobic exercise EEA on spatial memory and neuroplasticity. A six week in vivo experimental study on twenty 6 month old male Wistar rats were housed under isolation, aerobic exercise, enrichment, and enrichment plus aerobic exercise. Spatial memory was tested by using water E maze WEM in terms of time travelled and total errors. Neuroplasticity was seen by comparing the expression of synaptophysin, AMPAR GluR1 subunit, and PSD 95. The results showed no differences in time travelled and errors for all groups. Enriched group is faster in improving the expression of the SYP, AMPAR GluR1 subunit, and PSD 95 than aerobic group. The expression of SYP, AMPAR GluR1subunit, and PSD 95 on enriched group are no different from the combination group. These results suggest that the EE model is better at improving neuroplasticity than aerobic exercise and compared to EE models, the combination of EE with aerobic exercise is no better in improving neuroplasticity."

"Latar Belakang: Memori sangat berperan penting dalam proses kehidupan. Seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, fungsi memori akan mengalami penurunan karena proses neurodegenerasi. Stimulus eksternal baik latihan fisik aerobik maupun environmental enrichment EE mampu memperlambat terjadinya neurodegenerasi dengan meningkatkan neuroplastisitas melalui ekspresi berbagai protein baik protein sinaptik maupun growth factor seperti insulin like growth factor 1 IGF-1 dan fibroblast growth factor 2 FGF-2 . Pemberian kombinasi latihan aerobik dan environmental enrichment kontinyu dan pengaruhnya pada ekspresi IGF-1 dan FGF-2 yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan fungsi memori belum dilakukan pada penelitian sebelumnya.Bahan dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental pada 24 tikus Wistar jantan Rattus norvegicus, 300-400 gram, usia 7-8 bulan , dibagi secara acak ke dalam 4 kelompok: kontrol K , latihan aerobik A , Environmental Enrichment kontinyu EE , dan kombinasi latihan aerobik dan Environmental Enrichment kontinyu A-EE .Hasil: Kelompok kombinasi latihan aerobik dan environmental enrichment A-EE menunjukkan fungsi memori spasial tikus terbaik. Namun ekspresi IGF-1 dan FGF-2 hipokampus pada kelompok A-EE tidak lebih tinggi dari kelompok lain. Selain itu, ekspresi FGF-2 hipokampus berkorelasi positif dengan kekuatan sedang dengan fungsi memori, sedangkan IGF-1 hipokampus berkorelasi negatif dengan kekuatan lemah dengan fungsi memori.Kesimpulan: Peningkatan fungsi memori pada kelompok kombinasi merupakan hasil induksi ekspresi berbagai protein di hipokampus, namun jalur utama yang meningkatkan fungsi memori bukanlah melalui peningkatan ekspresi IGF-1 dan FGF-2 di hipokampus.

---

Background Memory plays an important role in life. Memory declines with age through the process of neurodegeneration. External stimuli such as aerobic exercise and environmental enrichment EE can delay neurodegeneration by improving neuroplasticity via expression of various synaptic proteins and growth factors such as insulin like growth factor 1 IGF 1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 FGF 2 . Combination treatment of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment and their effect on the expression of IGF 1 and FGF 2 which were expected to improve memory function has not been studied previously.Materials and Methods This is an experimental research using 24 male Wistar rats Rattus norvergicus, 300 400 g, age 7 8 months divided randomly into 4 groups control C , aerobic exercise A , continuous environmental enrichment EE , and combination of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment A EE .Results Combination of aerobic exercise and environmental enrichment group A EE showed the best improvement in rats rsquo spatial memory. But their hippocampal IGF 1 and FGF 2 expression were not higher than other groups. There was positive correlation between hippocampal FGF 2 and memory function, but there was negative correlation between hippocampal IGF 1 and memory function.Conclussions Improvement in memory function in combination group is a result of induction of various protein expression in the hippocampus, but the primary pathway of memory function improvement is not through the hippocampal IGF 1 and FGF 2 expression. "

"Penurunan memori dikaitkan dengan penurunan kemampuan neuroplastisitas. Penurunan tersebut terjadi seiring penuaan dan dimulai sejak usia dewasa muda. Fungsi memori yang terkait dengan plastisitas sinaps dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman dan proses belajar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya pencegahan gangguan memori sejak dini. Riset pada hewan coba menunjukkan sistem saraf pusat SSP memberikan respons terhadap stimulus eksternal yang bertanggung jawab terhadap plastisitas fungsional. Bukti pertama yang menunjukan faktor ekstrinsik dapat memodulasi plastisitas struktur hipokampus pada mamalia didapat dari berbagai studi yang memaparkan mencit pada Enviromental Enrichment EE. Peningkatan pemelajaran dan memori juga diinduksi oleh latihan fisik yang berhubungan langsung dengan plastisitas sinaps. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan perngaruh latihan aerobik, penerapan EE dan kombinasi keduanya terhadap fungsi memori. Merupakan studi ekperimental in vivo selama 6 minggu, menggunakan 20 ekor tikus wistar jantan usia 6 bulan yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu: 1 kelompok kontrol K , 2 kelompok aerobik, 3 kelompok EE, 4 kelompok kombinasi. Pengukuran fungsi memori menggunakan Water E-Maze. Pengukuran ekspresi protein neuroligin-1 dan PSD-95 menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia. Kombinasi latihan aerobik dan EE meningkatkan eskpresi protein neuroligin-1, PSD-95 dan fungsi memori tikus Wistar jantan.

---

The memory declining is associated with the decreasing of neuroplasticity. The declining occurs with aging and started since early adulthood. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent memory and neuroplasticity disorders since early stage. Research shows the central nervous system CNS responds to external stimuli responsible for functional plasticity. The first evidence showing that extrinsic factors can modulate hippocampal structural plasticity in rodents arose from studies exposing mice to an enriched environment. Enhance in learning and memory also occurs by activity dependent by physical exercise induction. This study aim to determine the influence of physical exercise, environmental enrichment and the combination of both stimuli on spatial memory function. The research was an experimental in vivo for 6 weeks, using 20 male Wistar rats age 6 months old randomly divided into 4 groups 1 control group C, 2 aerobic group A, 3 EE group EE and 4 combination group AE EE. Water E Maze apparatus were used to assess the spatial memory function of male Wistar rats measured at week 0,2 ,4 and 6. Protein expression was examined with immunohistochemistry technique. The research showed that combination of physical exercise and Environmental Enrichment EE increase the expression of neuroligin 1 and PSD 95 followed by improvement on memory function of male Wistar rats."

"Waktu Fonasi Maksimal (WFM) dapat mengevaluasi kemampuan seseorang dalam mempertahankan fonasi, yang penting untuk penyanyi paduan sura. Latihan aerobik dianggap vital dilakukan pada populasi ini, terutama karena komponen kebugarannya dan telah terbukti meningkatkan WFM pada pasien gagal jantung kronis. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan hubungan antara latihan aerobik akut dan waktu fonasi maksimal (WFM) pada populasi penyanyi paduan suara dewasa sehat sedenter.

Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada 27 penyanyi paduan suara dewasa sehat (16 laki-laki, 11 perempuan). Pengukuran WFM menggunakan aplikasi Praat^® dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah latihan aerobik 30 menit menggunakan sepeda statis komersil yang disambungkan dengan aplikasi Zwift^®.Peningkatan durasi WFM (18.37± 5.34 s to 21.04± 6.66 s, p = 0.008*) ditemukan setelah dilakukan latihan aerobik akut. Korelasi signifikan antara suara alto/sopran dan WFM (0.775**, p = 0.005), antara tekanan darah diastolik dan WFM (75.07± 10.33 mmHg to 79.85± 12.50 mmHg, p = 0.034*), serta denyut nadi dan WFM ditemukan (86.51± 11.64 beats/minute to 108.51± 18.22 beats/minute, p = <0.001*). Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara latihan aerobik akut dan suara alto/sopran dengan WFM pada penyanyi paduan suara sehat sedenter

---

Background: Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) can assess an individual’s capability to sustain phonation, which is vital to choir singers. Aerobic exercise is considered important to execute in this population especially for its endurance component, and has proven to increase MPT in chronic heart failure patients. Study aimed to determine association between acute aerobic exercise and maximum phonation time (MPT) in healthy sedentary adult choir singers.

Cross-sectional study was conducted with 27 sedentary singers (16 males, 11 females; age range 23-54 years). Measurements of MPT using Praat^® were taken before and after 30-minute aerobic exercise using a static cycle connected to Zwift^®. Increased MPT duration (18.37± 5.34 s to 21.04± 6.66 s, p = 0.008*) was found after acute aerobic exercise. Significant correlation between alto/soprano voice and MPT (0.775**, p = 0.005), between diastolic blood pressure and MPT (75.07± 10.33 mmHg to 79.85± 12.50 mmHg, p = 0.034*), also heart rate and MPT were found (86.51± 11.64 beats/minute to 108.51± 18.22 beats/minute, p = <0.001*). Significant association found between acute aerobic exercise and alto/soprano voice with MPT in healthy sedentary adult choir singers."

"Latihan Fisik merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan belajar dan memori melalui peningkatan neuroplastisitas. Intensitas dan durasi latihan fisik yang tepat dapat meningkatkan kemampuan belajar dan memori melalui peningkatan ekspresi protein Neuroligin dan Reseptor NMDA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas dan durasi latihan fisik terhadap fungsi memori spasial serta ekspresi protein Neuroligin dan Reseptor NMDA pada hipokampus tikus Wistar jantan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental in vivo selama 6 minggu, menggunakan 25 ekor tikus Wistar jantan usia 6 bulan yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu: 1 kelompok sedenter S , 2 kelompok intensitas ringan durasi singkat R15 , 3 intensitas ringan durasi lama R30 , 4 intensitas berat durasi singkat B15 , 5 intensitas berat durasi lama B30. Latihan fisik aerobik dilakukan dengan berlari pada animal treadmill 5 hari/minggu selama 6 minggu. Kecepatan yang digunakan adalah 20 m/min untuk intensitas ringan dan 30 m/min untuk intensitas berat, serta 15 menit untuk durasi singkat dan 30 menit untuk durasi lama. Pengukuran fungsi memori menggunakan water E maze sebanyak 4 kali pada minggu 0, 2, 4, dan 6. Pengukuran ekspresi protein Neuroligin dan Reseptor NMDA menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intensitas ringan durasi lama merupakan yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan belajar dan memori spasial melalui ekspresi protein Neuroligin dan Reseptor NMDA tikus Wistar jantan.

---

Physical exercise is one of factors that can improve learning and memory associated with increasing neuroplasticity. The appropriate intensity and duration of physical exercise can improve learning and memory that mediated by expression of Neuroligin and NMDA Receptor. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise on spatial memory and expression of Neuroligin and NMDAR in male Wistar rats hippocampus. The research was an experimental in vivo for 6 weeks, using 25 male Wistar rats age 6 months old randomly divided into 5 groups 1 sedenter group S , 2 low intensity and short duration group R15 , 3 low intensity and long duration group R30 , 4 high intensity and short duration group B15 , 5 high intensity and long duration group B30.

The aerobic exercise was performed by running on animal treadmill 5 day week for 6 weeks. Low intensity was 20 m min while high intensity was 30 m min. Short duration was 15 minutes while long duration was 30 minutes. The measurement of memory function used water E maze for 4 times, on week 0, 2, 4, and 6. Protein expression of Neuroligin and NMDA Receptor was examined with immunohistochemistry technique. This research showed that the aerobic exercise with low intensity and long duration group has best memory performance and expression of neuroligin and NMDA Receptor of male wistar rats."

" adalah salah satu penyebab penurunan performa fisik pada seseorang yang melakukan program latihan fisik jangka panjang. Kondisi overtraining dihubungkan dengan gangguan dalam regenerasi sel tubuh. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) adalah protein yang menstimulasi pertumbuhan dan proliferasi sel. IGF-I bekerja dalam regulasi aksis GH/IGF, dimana kerja IGF dipengaruhi oleh growth hormone (GH) dan insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons tubuh terhadap latihan fisik aerobik overtraining dengan menganalisa kadar GH, IGF-I, dan IGFBP-3, mengingat hormon dan protein ini berperan dalam regenerasi sel tubuh, khususnya otot rangka. Subjek penelitian adalah 19 ekor tikus putih jantan galur Wistar (berusia 8-10 minggu, berat 150-250 gr) yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok (satu kelompok kontrol dan dua kelompok yaitu kelompok aerobik dan kelompok aerobik overtraining yang diberikan perlakuan masing-masing selama 11 minggu). Perlakuan latihan fisik aerobik dan aerobik overtraining dilakukan dengan Animal treadmill L-6000 sebanyak lima hari dalam seminggu. Setelah hari terakhir perlakuan, seluruh hewan coba dikorbankan. Serum darah diambil dengan cara pungsi jantung. Kadar GH, IGF-I, dan IGFBP-3 dalam serum diukur dengan metode ELISA dan data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc. Hasil pemeriksaan ELISA menunjukkan kadar IGFBP-3 yang lebih rendah secara signifikan pada kelompok aerobik overtraining dibandingkan dengan kelompok aerobik, sementara tidak ada perbedaan kadar GH dan IGF-I pada ketiga kelompok. Kadar IGFBP-3 dalam serum dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai penanda biologis kondisi overtraining.

---

Overtraining is one of the causes of decline in physical performance in long-term physical exercise program. Overtraining is associated with impaired regeneration of body cells. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a stimulator of cell growth and proliferation. IGF act based on the GH/IGF axis, which mean IGF-I act is regulated by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). This study purpose is to determine the body's response to aerobic overtraining exercise by analyzing the levels of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) as those hormone and proteins play a role in the regeneration of body cells, especially skeletal muscle cells. Subjects were 19 white male rats of the Wistar strain (8-10 weeks old, weight: 150-250 g) were divided into 3 groups (one control group and two groups of aerobic and aerobic overtraining group both were given treatment for 11 weeks). Aerobic exercise and aerobic overtraining exercise treatment were conducted five days a week using Animal treadmill L-6000. After the last day of treatment, all experimental animals were sacrificed. Blood serum collected by cardiac puncture. Levels of GH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in serum were measured by ELISA. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc test. ELISA results showed significant lower levels of IGFBP-3 in aerobic overtraining group compared to the aerobic group, while there was no difference in the levels of GH and IGF-I in all groups. IGFBP-3 levels in the serum may be a suitable as biological markers for overtraining condition."

"ABSTRAKBDNF merupakan neurotrophin yang berperan dalam fungsi memori dan pembelajaran. Hippocampus banyak mengekspresikan BDNF, yang penting dalam mengatur fungsi memori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan aerobik ringan terhadap ekspresi BDNF, jumlah total sel piramidal di area CA3 hippocampus, fungsi memori dan rasio luas area CA3 terhadap total area CA1, CA2 dan CA3 hippocampus.Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan 12 ekor tikus jantan wistar (berusia 8-10 minggu, berat badan 200- 250 gram), dibagi menjadi kelompok aerobik ringan dan kontrol. Latihan aerobik menggunakan animal treadmill (kecepatan 12m/mnt, 2x/minggu, 11 minggu) dan diuji dengan water E-maze (jumlah kesalahan dan waktu tempuh) untuk fungsi memorinya. Ekspresi BDNF diarea CA3 dinilai dengan pewarnaan immunohistokimia, jumlah total sel piramidal area CA3 hippocampus dan rasio luas area CA3 terhadap total area CA1, CA2, CA3 area hippocampus dinilai dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin.Hasil pengamatan ini menunjukkan ada kecenderungan peningkatan ekspresi BDNF dan jumlah total sel piramidal area CA3 hippocampus, walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna. Rasio luas area CA3 terhadap total area CA1, CA2, CA3 antara kelompok aerobik ringan dan kontrol, tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna. Terdapat penurunan jumlah kesalahan dan waktu tempuh pada kelompok aerobik ringan. Perbaikan fungsi memori ini berkorelasi kuat dengan peningkatan ekspresi BDNF pada kelompok aerobik ringan. Disimpulkan, terdapat pengaruh positif latihan aerobik ringan terhadap fungsi memori melalui peningkatan ekspresi BDNF.

---

ABSTRACT

BDNF is a neurotrophin that plays a role in memory and learning functions. The hippocampus shows the expression of BDNF which is important in regulating memory functions. This study aims to determine the effect of mild aerobic exercise on the expression of BDNF, the number of total cells CA3 area of the hippocampus, and memory functions.

This is analytic experimental using 12 male Wistar rats (8-10 weeks old, weight 200-250 mg), divided into mild aerobics and control group. The aerobic exercise using an animal treadmill (10 min twice a week, for 11 weeks). Memory test was done using water E-maze test. Used Immunohistochemistry staining to assessed the expression of BDNF and Hematoxylin Eosin staining to assessed the number of total cells CA3 area of hippocampus and CA3 area ratio to the total area CA1, CA2, CA3 hippocampal area.

The results showed the tendency in the expression of BDNF, the total number of cells and memory function between mild aerobic and control group. CA3 area ratio to the total area CA1, CA2, CA3 hippocampal area, there were no differences between mild aerobic and control groups. There was a decreased in the number of errors and time in group aerobics. Improvement of memory function is strongly correlated with increased expression of BDNF in group aerobics. Conclusion, the mild aerobic exercise has a positive influence on memory function through increased expression of BDNF."

"Memori merupakan fungsi kognisi yang sangat penting pada manusia.Latihan fisik dan paparan environmental enrichment EE memiliki pengaruh positifterhadap fungsi memori melalui peningkatan neurogenesis dan LTP. Penelitian iniingin mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh latihan fisik aerobik, paparan EE, dankombinasi latihan fisik aerobik dengan EE, terhadap fungsi memori tikus. Dua puluhempat tikus Wistar jantan usia 7 bulan diberikan perlakuan selama 8 minggu. Fungsimemori diuji menggunakan perangkat forced alternation Y-maze dengan parameterpersentase perbandingan waktu di novel arm dan forced alternation. Fungsi memorijuga ditinjau berdasarkan ekspresi protein BDNF dan NGF hipokampus tikus. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar BDNF dan NGF hipokampus paling tinggi p.

---

Memory is an important cognitive function in humans. Exercise and environmentalenrichment EE exposure have positive effects on memory function via improvedneurogenesis and LTP. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aerobic exercise,EE exposure, and combination of aerobic exercise and EE on memory function. Thisstudy used twenty four 7 month old male Wistar rats that were given treatment for 8weeks. Memory function was tested using forced alternation Y maze, with themeasure parameters are percentage of time in novel arm and forced alternation.Memory function was also correlated with the expression of BDNF and NGFproteins in hippocampus. The results showed the highest level of hippocampalBDNF and NGF p."