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"Heating load calculations are essential to optimize energy use in buildings during the winter season. Instantaneous heating loads are determined by the outdoor weather conditions. It is intended to develop a method to predict instantaneous building heating loads, depending on various combinations of current input parameters so as to apply HVAC equipment operations. Heating loads have been calculated in a representative apartment building for one month in Seoul using Energy Plus. The datasets obtained are used to train artificial neural networks. Dry bulb temperature, dew point temperature, global horizontal radiation, direct normal radiation and wind speed are selected as the input parameters for training, while heating loads are the output. The design of experiments is used to investigate the effect of individual input parameters on the heating loads. The results of this study show the feasibility of using a machine learning technique to predict instantaneous heating loads for optimal building operations."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis seberapa besar beban pendinginan yang dapat dioptimalkan dengan menggunakan metode pasif desain pada bangunan Rusunawa MBR di Jakarta. Jakarta memiliki banyak bangunan Rusunawa karena merupakan salah satu target pemerintah untuk menyediakan bangunan tempat tinggal yang layak bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Bangunan Rusun merupakan salah satu penyebab naiknya emisi karbon dikarenakan penggunaan energi untuk beban pendinginan. Studi sebelumnya menunjukan bahwa untuk mengurangi beban pendinginan terdapat 2 cara yaitu dengan metode pasif dan metode aktif desain. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan analisa pada bangunan Rusunawa MBR yang ada di Jakarta menggunakan software berbasis modeling BIM untuk membantu menghitung beban pendinginan eksisting dari gedung Rusunawa dan kemudian dengan menggunakan metode pasif desain dengan mengganti material kaca dengan kaca yang nilai SHGCnya lebih rendah untuk mendapatkan optimasi beban pendinginan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa beban pendinginan pada bangunan Rusunawa MBR dapat dikurangi dengan metode pasif desain sampai dengan 13%.

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This paper reviews how much cooling load can be reduced by using passive design methods at the low-income rusun in Jakarta. Jakarta has many rusun because one of the government’s targets is to provide a decent place to live for the low-income people. Rusun is one of the buildings that increases carbon emissions and for the humid tropical climate in Jakarta; the carbon emission comes from energy usage for cooling load. The previous study stated that cooling load can be reduced by two methods: passive and active design method. This paper is conducted by doing research on a low-income rusun in Jakarta area using the BIM-Revit software to help calculating the cooling load of the building and then using passive design such as using low SHGC glass, and minimizing window percentage. The result of this study shows that cooling load can be reduced by using passive design method up to 13%"

"Bucket tooth pada alat berat excavator menggunakan baja High Strength Low Alloy sebagai material didasari oleh sifat-sifatnya. Perlakuan panas yang dilakukan pada baja HSLA adalah normalisasi, tempering, austenisasi, dan quenching, serta double tempering. Penemuan Delay Crack pada produk bucket tooth yang disebabkan oleh adanya austenit sisa pada komponen bucket tooth, austenite ini menimbulkan tegangan sisa di dalam produk. Meminimalisir jumlah austenite sisa serta keseragaman mikrostruktur adalah langkah yang tepat untuk mencegah Delay Crack. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kualifikasi kecepatan pendinginan media pendingin berupa air, air hangat, dan oli dan meneliti pengaruhnya terhadap struktur mikro dan kekerasan baja HSLA. Kecepatan pendinginan rata-rata yang paling tinggi secara berurutan adalah air, oli, dan air hangat, senilai 111,28 oC/s, 51.30 oC/s, 56.75 oC/s. Perbedaan kecepatan pendinginan akan menghasilkan struktur mikro baja HSLA yang berbeda. Fasa martensite terbentuk paling dominan pada setiap jenis media pendingin dengan sedikit austenite sisa yang kadarnya meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kecepatan pendinginan yaitu 0.8%, 2,4%, 3% . Kekerasan mikro menemukan fraksi area transformation zone keras akibat dikelilingi oleh martensite pada setiap baja, fasa lower bainite pada baja media pendingin air hangat, serta karbida pada baja media pendingin Air suhu kamar. Nilai kekerasan makro untuk tiap sampel meningkat seiring meningkatnya kecepatan pendinginan, yaitu secara berturut turut menjadi 49.1 HRC, 47.1 HRC, dan 44.3 HRC. Sehingga meningkatnya kecepatan pendinginan menyebabkan peningkatan kekerasan dan kadar austenite sisa. Beberapa temuan lainnya seperti dekarburisasi pada permukaan baja di analisis untuk mengetahui penyebab delay crack terjadi.

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Excavator’s bucket tooth using High Strength Low Alloy Steel based material because of it’s properties. The heat treatment performed on HSLA steel is normalization, tempering, austenisation, and quenching, and the last double tempering. Delay Crack was discovered on bucket tooth products caused by the presence of retained austenite in the bucket tooth component, this austenite raises residual stresses in the product. Minimizing the amount of retained austenite and gaining microstructural uniformity is the right step to prevent Delay Crack. This research focuses on qualifying the cooling rate of quenching media in the form of water, hot water, and oil then examines their effects on the microstructure and hardness of HSLA steels. The highest average cooling speed, respectively, is water, oil and warm water, valued at 111.28 oC / s, 51.30 oC / s, 56.75 oC / s. The difference in cooling speed will produce a different HSLA steel microstructure. Martensite phase is formed dominantly in every quenching media variables with a little content of retained austenite whose levels increase with increasing cooling rate by 0.8%, 2.4%, 3%. Microhardness Testing found a hard zone named transformation zone fraction due to being surrounded by martensite in each variables, lower bainite phase in hot water variable, and carbide in water variable. The value of macro hardness for each sample increased with increasing cooling rate, which became 49.1 HRC, 47.1 HRC, and 44.3 HRC respectively. So that the increase in cooling rate causes an increase in hardness and residual austenite levels. Several other findings such as decarburization on the steel surface are analyzed to determine the cause of the delay crack.

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"This book provides an excellent overview of the range of applications of induction heating with methods by which conventional as well as special heating jobs can be designed around the capabilities of the process.The book discusses the theory of induction heating, tuning of induction heating circuits and load matching and summarizes major equipment considerations in designing induction heating systems. Design procedures are thoroughly covered for heat treating. The book includes a detailed discussion on fundamentals of process control for a variety of induction heating issues."