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"People have been interacting with bees in the Indo-Malay world for thousands of years. Though the practice of robbing bees of honey and wax is relatively well-documented, we know very little about the early history of beekeeping in Southeast Asia. In this study I will use Old Javanese evidence to demonstrate that providing honey bees with artificial cavities was a practice known in Java at least by the twelfth century CE, several centuries earlier than suggested by the historians of beekeeping. In the second part of my contribution I will discuss in detail an intriguing passage in the Sumanasāntaka, a court poem composed in the early thirteenth century CE, in which a literary motif of the “marriage by choice“ (swayamwara) of Princess Indumatī is based on the image and structure of beehive. The idea that a bee-colony is ruled by the “queen“ rather than the “king“ was not widely known in pre-modern world, and the Sumanasāntaka suggests that pre-Islamic Javanese were good observers of nature."

"Karya sastra merupakan representasi kenyataan sosial yang di dalamnya mengandung nilai-nilai kehidupan. Salah satu nilai yang penting adalah terkait dengan tipe ideal perempuan. Karya sastra yang dijadikan objek penelitian adalah transliterasi yang dilakukan oleh Wiwin Indiarti dan Anasrullah. Masalah yang dibahas adalah bagaimana citra perempuan ideal Jawa Timur digambarkan dalam teks Sri Tanjung Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengangkat kembali nilai-nilai perempuan yang ideal di Jawa Timur untuk dijadikan pedoman hidup perempuan Jawa. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah citra perempuan dalam teks Sri Tanjung Banyuwangi terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu citra fisik (berupa berwajah cantik, melangkah dengan pelan, berpakaian indah dan tertata rapi) dan citra non-fisik (berupa sikap hormat, ikhlas, setia, berbakti kepada suami, nrima dan sumarah, jujur, bener, dan temen). Citra fisik dan citra non-fisik tersebut kemudian dikaitkan dengan unen-unen atau ungkapan dalam budaya Jawa yang menggambarkan karakter atau kepribadian perempuan ideal Jawa Timur.

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A literary work is a representation of social reality which contains values of life. One of the important values is related to the ideal type of woman. The literary work that became the object of research is the transliteration carried out by Wiwin Indiarti and Anasrullah. The issue is how the image of the ideal East Javanese woman is described in the text of Sri Tanjung Banyuwangi. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach. The purpose of this research is to raise back the values of ideal women ini East Java to serve as guidelines for the lives of Javanese women. The result of this research is that the image of women in the text of Sri Tanjung Banyuwangi is divided into two parts, namely the physical image (with beautiful appearance, walking slowly, dressed beautifully and orderly) and the non-physical image (with respect, sincerity, loyalty, obedience and devotion to the husband, nrima and sumarah, honest, bener, and temen). These physical images and non-physical images are then associated with unen-unen or expressions in Javanese culture that show the character or personality of the ideal East Javanese woman."

"The third, concluding volume of "Literature of Java" contains Addenda and a General Index, preceded by Illustrations, Facsimiles of Manuscripts, Maps and some Minor Notes, additions which may be of U'se to students of Javanese literature. The older catalogues of collections of Indonesian manuscripts (Javanese, Malay, Sundanese, Madurese, Balinese), which were written in Dutch, did not offer such additional aids to interested readers. One of the reasons was that the authors (Vreede, Brandes, van Ronkel, Juynboll, Berg) presupposed a certain knowledge of the Indonesian peoples, their countries and their culture with Dutch students. As often as not the latter, or their families, had lived for many years in Java, and they were destined, when they had completed their studies in The Netherlands, to pass one or more decades of 'their active life in the tropics in the service of Government, the Christian Missions or the Bible Society. The Archipelago was their second home country. Some familiarity with things Indonesian was found in several circles of society in The Netherlands before the second world war, and information (though not always scholarly and exact) was supplied by quite a number of books and periodicals."

"sejarah di Jawa pada masa kerajaan Hindu"

"Buku ini berisi ringkasan cerita dari: 1.) Kesusatraan Jawa Kuno (Syakuntala, Ramayana, Nagarakretagama); 2.) Cerita sejarah Jawa; 3.) Kesusastraan Wayang; 4.) Cerita fabel (mengapa monyet harus memberi upeti pada harimau, perlombaan lari antara kancil dengan keong); 5.) Legenda berkenaan dengan abjad Jawa; 6.) Santri yang gagal (sebuah cerita Sunda)."

"Proposisi sapa salah seleh merupakan proposisi yang memiliki dua makna yaitu makna semantis dan makna pragmatis. Makna semantisnya yaitu ‘siapa salah meletakkan’, sedangkan makna pragmatisnya yaitu ‘siapa salah pasti kalah’. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep salah pasti kalah yang terkandung dalam proposisi sapa salah seleh dengan menggunakan analisis kontekstual yang terdiri dari kontek lingual dan non lingual. Buku acuan yang digunakan untuk mengetahui makna yaitu Baoesastra Djawa (Poerwadarmita, 1939) dan Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Jawa (Sudarmanto, 2008). Hasil penelitian ini berupa pembahasan tentang konsep salah pasti kalah dalam proposisi sapa salah seleh.

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Proposition sapa salah seleh is a proposition that has two meanings, namely semantic meaning and pragmatic meaning. Semantic meaning of ‘who mistake put’, whereas the pragmatic meaning ‘someone who make mistake must lose’. Research methods used in this research is descriptive method. This study aims to determine the concept one must lose proposition contained in sapa salah seleh using contextual analysis consisting of lingual and non-lingual context. Reference books are used to determine the meaning of the Baoesastra Djawa (Poerwadarmita, 1939) and Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Jawa (Sudarmanto, 2008). The results of this study are discussions about the concept someone who make mistake in proposition sapa salah seleh."

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Trunajaya adalah salah satu tokoh sejarah di Indonesia. Naskah Babad Trunajaya yang saya teliti ini merupakan karya sastra Jawa baru dari Jawa Timur koleksi Museum Mpu Tantular bernomor 07.17 M, tertulis pada lontar yang telah menghitam dan merekam kisah hidup Trunajaya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada teks dan kajian struktur teksnya dengan tujuan menyajikan suntingan teks agar dapat terbaca masyarakat awam dan menemukan citra tokoh Trunajaya dalam teks Babad Trunajaya versi Jawa Timur. Untuk menyunting teks diterapkan metode penelitian filologi, sedangkan untuk mengkaji citra tokohnya dilakukan pendekatan struktur.  Dari analisis data dapat diketahui bahwa Trunajaya yang dalam pandangan teks versi Jawa Tengah dianggap sebagai pemberontak yang bengis, dalam teks versi Jawa Timur ia merupakan pahlawan yang memiliki ciri pemimpin ideal.

 

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Trunajaya is one of the historical figures in Indonesia. This manuscript of Babad Trunajaya is a New Javanese literary work from East Java collected by Mpu Tantular Museum with manuscript number 07.17 M, written on the blackened Lontar and recorded the life story of Trunajaya. The study focuses on the text and its text structure with the aim to present text editing in order to be read by today`s society and portray the character image of Trunajaya in the East Javanese version of Babad Trunajaya text. This research utilises philological method to edit the text and structural approach is used to study the character image. From the intrinsic structural analysis, it is known that Trunajaya, in the text of the Central Java version, is regarded as a very rebellious rebel, in the text of the East Java version, it is a hero who has the characteristics of the ideal leader.

 

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"Salah satu upaya untuk melestarikan bahasa Jawa adalah menciptakan fasilitas pembelajaran bahasa Jawa yang efektif, menarik dan utuh. M-Learning dengan pembelajaran yang fleksibel dapat memfasilitasi pembelajaran bahasa Jawa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengusulkan rancangan desain m-Learning materi bahasa Jawa Dasar dari sisi kajian pembelajaran dan usability. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif. Perancangan desain dilakukan dengan metode User-Centered Design. Dari tahapan pengumpulan data diperoleh terdapat 21 kebutuhan desain pengguna untuk aplikasi m-Learning materi bahasa Jawa dasar. Dari hasil evaluasi desain, diperoleh rata-rata nilai System Usability Scale sebesar 80, dan 21 saran evaluasi desain dari partisipan usability testing. Dari hasil evaluasi desain, semua partisipan merasa desain aplikasi yang dibuat layak untuk digunakan dalam belajar bahasa Jawa Dasar.

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One effort that can be a solution to preserve Javanese is to create effective, interesting and intact Javanese language learning. M-Learning with flexible learning can be facilitate Javanese language learning. The research aims to propose the design of m-Learning for Basic Javanese in terms of learning and usability study. The study is conducted with qualitative method and quantitative method. Design is made by the User-Centered Design method. From the data collection phase, there are 21 user design requirements for the mLearning application for basic Javanese language materials. From the results of the design evaluation the average value of the System Usability Scale obtained is 80, and 21 design evaluations were obtained from participants of usability testing. From the results of the design evaluation, all participants feel that the application design made is suitable for use in learning basic Javanese."

"Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang mencoba mengkaji hubungan antara relief alat musik berdawai pada masa Jawa Kuno (VIII-XV Masehi) dengan sikap dan cara pakai yang diambil dari kitab Natyasastra dan Berbagai buku Ikonografi sebagai sumber tertulis mengenai seni pertunjukan melalui pendekatan Behavioral Archaeology. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metode Arkeologi untuk memahami sikap dan cara pakai alat musik berdawai serta implikasinya terhadap praktik sosial dan nilai-nilai masyarakat pada masa itu. Pendekatan Behavioral Archaeology digunakan sebagai kerangka teoretis untuk memahami bagaimana hubungan alat musik berdawai dengan cara pakai menjadi bagian integral dari aktivitas manusia pada masa Jawa Kuno. Teori ini memungkinkan kita untuk melihat alat musik berdawai sebagai cerminan perilaku atau cara pakai masyarakat pada zaman itu. Penelitian ini akan melibatkan analisis relief-relief candi yang menggambarkan penggunaan alat musik berdawai pada masa Jawa Kuno. Data akan dikumpulkan melalui perekaman verbal dan piktorial, dan analisis kontekstual untuk memahami bagaimana alat musik berdawai digunakan dalam berbagai posisi seperti duduk, berdiri, maupun penggambaran terbang yang terdapat pada relief.

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This research is an attempt to study the relationship between the relief of stringed musical instruments in ancient Java (VIII-XV AD) with attitudes and uses taken from the books of Natyasastra and various books of Iconography as written sources on the art of performance through the approach of Behavioral Archaeology. In this study, archaeological methods were used to understand the attitudes and ways of using musical instruments as well as their implications for social practices and values of society at the time. Behavioral Archaeology is used as a theoretical framework to understand how the relationship between musical instruments and their use became an integral part of human activity in ancient Java. This theory allows us to see the musical instrument as a reflection of the behavior or the way society used it at that time. This research will involve a relief-relief analysis of the temple that describes the use of musical instruments in ancient Java. The data will be collected through verbal and pictorial recordings, and contextual analysis to understand how the instrument is used in various positions such as sitting, standing, and flying depictions on the relief."