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"School entry regulations in Indonesia have a specific cutoff date for enrolment and it requires children to start school at the age of seven. In practice, there were schools that allowed children to start elementary school before reaching seven years old. This might create age differences between children in the same grade at school. Some literature has been shown that older students outperform younger students in the school outcomes. For instance, higher education attainment, reduce grade repetition, and excellent academic performances. However, limited evidence exists about the school starting age and academic performances in Indonesia. In order to determine whether the school starting age rule in Indonesia affects children’s academic performance, this study utilizes the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS wave) 5 and regression discontinuity design. This study found that older entrance might get lower score compared to the children who start school at early age. Based on the results, entering school earlier might increase the average of total score by 2.687 grade points higher than older entrance."

"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Indonesian elementary school chair modification and to determine the proper holding position when transporting chairs during class activities for children aged 6-8 years old. Participants included 14 healthy, right-handed Indonesian and Japanese children. The effectiveness of the modification was examined by comparing the original chair (OR) and modified chairs (MD), first in the lower (LHP) and second in the higher (HHP) holding positions using three measurements, namely task time, using an electromyography (EMG) technique while carrying a chair, and measuring success rates for proper lifting and turning a chair methods. The use of the chair (MD and LHP) significantly reduced task time and significantly decreased the activity of the middle fiber of the deltoid muscle. However, for lifting and turning a chair onto a desk, these strategies did not eliminate the influence of excessive chair weight and discouraged easy task completion."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas V, 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama kelas VII, dan 3) perkembangan kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa dari sekolah dasar hingga sekolah menengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini 77 siswa SD kelas V dan 95 siswa SMP kelas VII. Penentuan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik stratified purposive sampling dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar yang memuat 3 komponen kegiatan yaitu kegiatan generasional, transformasional, dan global meta-level. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SD kelas V berada dalam kriteria sedang; 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SMP kelas VII berada dalam kriteria sedang; 3) rata-rata kemampuan siswa SMP kelas VII lebih tinggi dibanding rata-rata siswa SD kelas V karena siswa SD kelas V sampai dengan SMP kelas VII mengalami suatu transisi proses berpikir dari berpikir aritmatika menuju berpikir aljabar secara bertahap, mulai dari kasus sederhana sampai dengan kasus yang lebih kompleks. Kesimpulan, siswa kelas V dan kelas VII rata-rata memiliki kemampuan berpikir aljabar sedang. Namun, kemampuan siswa kelas VII lebih tinggi daripada siswa kelas V karena siswa Kelas VII telah memperoleh materi aljabar secara formal."

"The study aimed to describe 1) students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school grade V, 2) students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII, and 3)the development of students’ algebraic thinking ability from elementary school kelas V to junior high school grade VII. This study was a cross-sectional design with quantitive descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were 77 students of elementary school grade V and 95 students of junior high school grade VII. The sampling technique method used was stratified purposive sampling techniques and of analysis techniques with a descriptive analysis. The instrument used were algebraic thinking problems that consist of3 components, namely, generational, transformational, and global meta-level activity. The results showed that 1) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school gradeV was in the medium criteria; 2) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII was in medium criteria; 3) the average of gain score of students in junior high school grade VII was higher than students in elementary school grade V and students in elementary school grade V because lementary school students grade V until junior high school grade VII undergo a transition of thinking processes from arithmetic thinking to algebra thinking gradually, from simple cases to more complex cases. Generally, students of grade V and VII have moderate algebraic thinking skills. However, the ability of students of grade VII is higher than students of grade V because they have formally obtained algebra material"

"Latar belakang Program pemberian makanan di sekolah menyedtakan makanan penting bagt siswa. menmgkatkankesehatan, dan kehadiran siswa di seko/ah. Untuk mene/iti penyediaan makanan yang d1d1stribustkan dt sekolah dasar yang d1targetkan, mengukur perubahan tingkat anem1a prevalensi, menilai prevalensi beberapa penyak1l, dan menilai pengetahuan dan praktik kesehatan, gizi dan kebersihan di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar. Metode. Sampel d1p1llh secara acak untuk kelompok sekolah dasar yang menerima makanan tambahan WFP selama minimal 6 bulan d1 Provmsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) dan Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) pad a tahun 2008. Sampel dihitung berdasarkan rum us suatu survei cross-sectional tunggal membandingkan dua sub-kelompok. Data ana/isis dengan menggunakan SPSS untuk vers1 windows 15. Hasif· Kepala rumah tangga yang kebanyakan /aki-/ak1 bekef]a sebaga1 tenaga kerja tidak terampll upah pertanian dan produk pertanian. Pendidikan orang tua pada umumnya rendah. Sebagian besardari mereka tmggal d1 rumah tunggal dan menggunakan jamban.Hemoglobin rata-rata siswa adalah 11,8 grid/ (SO 1, 3; CL (11 ,9). Tingkat prevalenst anem1a sebesar 37 6%. 25,8% /ebih tinggi dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya, dengan demikian berarti ada penurunan tmgkat morb1dttas d1are. mfeksi pemapasan acte dan demam yang signifikan dibanding tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Praktik kebers1han untuk mengkonsumsi minum airmatang menunjukkan penurunan cakupan dari tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Namun mencuc1 Iangan sebelum makan terus meningkat. sedangkan mencuci Iangan setelah buang air besar mengalami penurunan karena pada rumah tangga hanya menggunakan kakus. "

"Penurunan kasus COVID-19 memberikan dampak positif pada bidang pendidikan, yaitu dengan diperbolehkannya pembelajaran tatap muka dengan tetap mematuhi peratitan kesehatan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah. Diterapkannya kembali pembelajaran tatap muka di tengah-tengah kasus COVID-19 menimbulkan beberapa kecemasan yang dihadapi oleh oang tua siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi lebih lanjut terkait hubungan antara karakteristik dan kecemasan dengan mekanisme koping yang digunakan oleh orang tua siswa kelas 5 dan kelas 6 saat melepas anak menggunakan sistem pembelajaran luring saat COVID-19. Kriteria pada penelitian ini yaitu; Siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas 5 dan 6 yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Abadijaya; Siswa yang tinggal serumah dengan orang tua, Siswa sudah belajar secara luring, orang tua yang paling intens mendampingi anak belajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah riset kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif-korelasi, serta pendekatan potong lintang. Sebanyak 200 orang tua siswa kelas 5 dan kelas 6 SDN Mekarjaya 13 dan SDN Mekarjaya 14 terlibat dalam penelitian ini, serta dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) untuk variabel tingkat kecemasan dan Ways of Coping untuk variabel mekanisme koping. Analisis univariat menggunakan uji proporsi menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 48% responden memiliki tingkat kecemasan ringan dan menggunakan mekanisme koping berfokus pada emosi. Sedangkan analisis stratified bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel karakteristik kelas anak dan tingkat kecemasan (p=0,032), variabel karateristik rata-rata penghasilan orang tua dan mekanisme koping (p=0,040) akan tetapi variabel tingkat kecemasan dan mekanisme koping ditemukan tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p=0.836). Temuan penelitian ini dapat membantu pengembangan pelayanan, pendidikan, maupun penelitian keperawatan terkait pencegahan terhadap peningkatan kecemasan dan penggunaan mekanisme koping, serta meminimalisasi fenomena kecemasan di kalangan orang tua siswa.

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The decreased of COVID-19 case has had a positive impact in education sector, known by allowing offline learning the government. The re-implementation of face-to-face learning during the COVID-19 case engender some anxiety as perceived by parents. This study aims to further identify the relationship between characteristics and anxiety with the coping mechanisms used by parents of 5th and 6th grade students during their children using the offline learning system. The criteria in this research that is; Elementary school students grade 5 and 6 located in the Abadijaya Village; Students who live at home with their parents, students have studied offline, parents are the most intense in accompanying children to learn.The research method used is quantitative research with a descriptive-correlation research design, as well as a cross-sectional approach. A total of 200 parents of 5th grade and 6th grade students in SDN Mekarjaya 13 and SDN Mekarjaya 14 were involved in this research and were collected using a stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used in this study is the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) for the variable level of anxiety and Ways of Coping for the variable coping mechanism. Univariate analysis using the proportion test showed that as many as 48% of respondents had a mild level of anxiety and used coping mechanisms that focused on emotions. While the stratified bivariate analysis using the kai-squared test showed a significant relationship between the characteristics of the child's grade level and the level of anxiety (p=0.032), the variable characteristics of the average income of parents and coping mechanisms (p=0.040) but the variable level of anxiety and coping mechanisms were found to have no significant relationship (p=0.836). This research finding supposed to assist the development of services, education, and nursing research related to the prevention of increased anxiety and the use of coping mechanisms, as well as minimizing the phenomenon among parents."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara persepsi siswa terhadap kehangatan guru dan keterlibatan emosi dalam belajar pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini melibatkan sebanyak 121 partisipan yang merupakan siswa kelas 4 dan 5 sekolah dasar di beberapa sekolah dasar yang terletak di Jakarta Selatan. Berdasarkan analisis perhitungan data, ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara persepsi siswa terhadap kehangatan guru dan keterlibatan emosi dalam belajar pada siswa sekolah dasar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin siswa merasakan adanya kehangatan dari gurunya maka semakin siswa merasa nyaman dalam belajar. Selain itu, ditemukan pula hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan antara persepsi siswa terhadap kehangatan guru dan disafeksi emosi siswa dalam belajar. Fakta ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin siswa merasa guru tidak menunjukkan kehangatan maka semakin siswa merasa tidak nyaman dalam belajar. Implikasi dari penelitian ini didiskusikan lebih lanjut.

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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to investigate if there is any relationship between student perception of teachers’ warmth and elementary school students’ emotional engagement in learning. There are 121 participants in this study, who are going through elementary education in the 4th and 5th grade. Through data analysis, result shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between student perception of teachers’ warmth and emotional engagement in learning. This shows that when students feel the warmth of their teachers, they will feel happy at learning in the classroom. Further analysis shows that there is a negative and significant relationship between student perception of teachers’ warmth and disaffected emotion which shows that if students doesn’t feel their teachers’ warmth, they will feel more uncomfortable at learning in class. Implications of this study will be discussed."

"Calpico is a drink made of fermented sour milk cultured with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus). Calpico drink contains 1010 cells of lactic acid bacteria for one cup serve, although it is not alive. The purpose of this study is to investigate a possible effect of Calpico ingestion on prevention or recovery from diarrhea. The pupils of the 4th grade of two elementary schools were subjected. Pupils were requested to answer the questionnaire about social and health conditions of their own. After measuring body weight, pupils for Calpico group were given 200 ml of one-fifth diluted Calpico every morning at 9 AM. Pupils of control group were given nothing. More over half of pupils who drunk Calpico for one month increased one to two kg of their body weight after test period. The frequency of diarrhea of Calpico group was markedly decreased. It was shown in Jakarta that Calpico ingestion had a dramatically effect on recovery from diarrhea and improvement of health condition noted by the increase of body weight of the pupils."

"ABSTRACTLatar Belakang: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas GPPH merupakan kelainan kronis yang ditandai dengan ketidakmampuan berkonsentrasi, hiperaktivitas, dan impulsif. Prevalensi GPPH pada siswa SD di Jakarta tahun 2004 sebesar 26,2 dan diduga berhubungan dengan dengan perolehan prestasi akademis siswa di sekolah. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara GPPH dengan prestasi akademis siswa sekolah dasar. Metode: Studi case control dilakukan terhadap 372 siswa SD Kenari 01,03, dan 05 pada periode tahun ajaran 2015-2016. Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis data, didapatkan 107 28,8 siswa SD mengalami GPPH dan sebanyak 265 70,2 tidak mengalami GPPH. Terdapat 188 49,5 siswa mendapatkan nilai dibawah rata-rata dan 186 50,5 siswa mendapatkan nilai diatas rata-rata. Pada uji chi square, terdapat hubungan bermakna antara GPPH dan prestasi akademis dengan nilai signifikansi.

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ABSTRACTBackground Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a chronic disorder ADHD characterized by inability to concentrate, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Prevalence ADHD on elementary students in Jakarta in 2004 is about 26.2 and related to academic achievement in school. Aim To find relation between ADHD with academic achievement in elementary students. Methods Case control study was done involving 372 elementary students in SD Kenari 01, 03, 05 on school year 2015 ndash 2016. Results According to data analyzing, there were 107 28.8 elementary school students have ADHD and 265 70.2 of elementary school students did not have ADHD. There were 188 49.5 students get academic underachievement and other 186 50.5 students got higher academic achievement. By using chi square test, there was correlation statistically between ADHD and academic achievement with significance point p 0.001. Conclusion ADHD is related with academic achievement on elementary students with odds ratio 2,1. "

"Pengukuran persen lemak tubuh yang akurat seperti Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), hydrostatic weighing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound, dan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) mahal dan sulit digunakan oleh masyarakat, sehingga dibutuhkan pengukuran yang lebih sederhana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan pengukuran antropometri yang akurat untuk menentukan gizi lebih dengan menggunakan golden standard BIA. Penelitian ini merupakan studi validasi yang dilakukan pada anak kelas 4 dan 5 (9-11 tahun) SDIT Nurul Fikri Depok dengan jumlah sampel 115 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IMT/U memiliki koefisien korelasi paling tinggi (r=0,934) dibandingkan dengan pengukuran lainnya. Selain itu, IMT/U juga memiliki validitas paling baik (AUC 0,849; Se 82.69%; Sp 69.84%; NPP 69.35%; NPN 83.02%; LR+ 2.7; LR- 0.2) dengan cut off +0,5 SD.

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Accurate measurement of body fat percentage as Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), hydrostatic weighing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is expensive and difficult to used by society. Anthropometric measurement is more simple and easy to use for evaluation of nutritional status.

This study aims to obtaine an accurate anthropometric measurement to determine overnutrition with BIA as a golden standard. This study is a validation study conducted on elementary school children grades 4 and 5 (9-11 years old) in Elementary School Nurul Fikri Depok.

The results showed that the BMI for age has the highest correlation coefficient (r=0.934) compared with other measurements. In addition, BMI for age also has the best validity (AUC 0.849; Se 82.69%; Sp 69.84%; 69.35% PPV; NPV 83.02%; LR + 2.7; LR- 0.2) with a cut-off +0.5 SD."