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"Lately, the decline in the understanding of Pancasila and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as the identity and ideology of the Indonesian nation has become a central issue that we must solve together. Diversity in ethnicity, religion, race, and customs owned by the Indonesian nation has been perceived and understood since thousands of years ago, diversities which were starting to be joined together during the Majapahit era. Mpu Tantular in his infamous Kakawin Sutasoma has written ?bhinneka tunggal ika tan hana dharma mangrwa?, an idea about unity in diversity. From then on, this idea has grown into nationalism spirit, which eventually became a tremendous force to repel the Dutch colonialist. Therefore these diversities must be maintained and preserved. Through a study about the past, archaeology has a role in protecting and preserving the cultural diversity to unify the nation."

"Lembaga Petelitian pada hakekatnya merupakan wadah struktural untuk menampung kegiatan penelitian di Perguruan Tinggi. Di Universitas Indonesia, Lembaga Penelitian baru diresmikan pada tahun 1983. Pada masa tersebut tugas dan fungsi Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Indonesia adalah membina kegiatan penelitian dan sebagai pusat kegiatan pengumpulan dan penyebarluasan dokumen karya ilmiah yang dihasilkan oleh para ilmuwan di lingkungan Universitas Indonesia. Buku ini memberikan gambaran tentang penelitian yang dilaksanakan Universitas Indonesia dalam periode 1984/1985 -1990/1991 dengan biaya dari Univesitas Indonesia melalui jalur SPP/DPP dan biaya dari Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI baik melalui jalur DIP-UI (Daftar Isian Proyek Universitas Indonesia) maupun DPPM (Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat) yang terdiri dari kategori Penelitian PSSR (Proyek Studi Sektoral/Regional) dan kategori Proyek PIT (Pengetbangan Ilmu dan Teknologi). Data yang termuat dalam buku ini mencerminkan keadaah sampai bulan Desember 1990. Buku ini diterbitkan dengan maksud adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Diperolehnya gambaran tentang kegiatan dan manfaat penelitian yang dilaksanakan oleh Universitas Indonesia dengan data Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. 2. Dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan pembahasan dalam rangka menetapkan dengan lebih tepat sasaran masalah penelitian sesuai dengan tujuan dan peranan Universitas Indonesia. 3. Dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk menelusuri dan mempercepat proses penyelesaian penelitian-penelitian yang belum selesai pertanggungjawabannya kepada pihak Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. Ucapan terimakasih disampaikan kepada pihak-pihak di bawah ini yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung memungkinkannya diterbitkannya buku ini."

"The objectives of the research is ti know the implementation of policy and implementation of the research program and the public service at Higher Education (HE). The research method is the mixed of quantitative and qualitative methods with a descriptive analysis. Sample of the research is 160 respondents taken purposively of head and members of the research and public service instutions at public and private of HE. The research was conducted for 7 months from April to October 2008 at six provinces : West Nusa Tenggara province , Bali province, Special Yogyakarta province, west Sumatera provine, and South Sumatera provine. Tools and the techniques of data collecting are using documentation study, questionnaries, interview and focus group discussion. Primary data is the information from the resource persons from HE while the secondary data is taken from the the documents about the rules as well as the laws and the related research done by other people. The findings of the research are : 1) the policy of research program and the public service at HE is based on the general policy of the HE Directorate, Ministry of National Education; 2) the implementation of policy in improving quality of HE still has constrains such as the instutions of research and public service are still sparate, the socialization of programs of public service is still low, and most lectures at HE are still lack of having research methodology; 3) the research findings of both public and private HE can be implemented to develop and improve science. However, there has a few of the research findings that can be used for improving teaching and learning materaials for higher education, very few of national as well international publications, and very few of having patent rights; and 4) the activities in public service are not based on the findings of the research yet. "