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"Anemia remains health problem in developing countries including Indonesia especially the Eastern part despite many to efforts to solve the problem. Anemia has cost lives of many people by its complex mechanism in the body and health of individual in general. The consequences of anemia are not only life loss but also reduction of intellectual ability especially in school children. The magnitude of anemia among school children needs to be understood to optimize clinical and public health programs to improve nutritional and health status of children in developing countries. The objective of the study was to find the association between anemia and malaria together with other determinant factors among school children 6-10 years of Alor district.This report was prepared to partially fulfill the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Community Nutrition at the Faculty of Medicine Postgraduate Pro gram. University of Indonesia.This report is divided into three parts as follows:The first part is introduction-explaining background of the study, problem statement, literature review, causal model, hypothesis, objectives as well as variable-indicator-matrix. The literature review intentionally focused magnitude of anemia and causes of anemia such as malaria infection, worm infestation, chronic diseases, dietary intake and socioeconomic factors."

"Anemia terjadi saat jumlah hemoglobin dalam darah berada di bawah batas normal. Prevalensi anemia pada anak usia sekolah di Indonesia mencapai 26,8%, angka yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata nasional. Kondisi ini dapat berdampak negatif seperti gangguan pertumbuhan, penurunan daya tahan tubuh, keterlambatan pubertas, dan penurunan tingkat kecerdasan. Gejala yang umum muncul antara lain lesu, lemah, letih, lelah, dan lalai (5L), serta menghambat perkembangan otot dan tulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi anemia, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, dan faktor dominan pada anak usia sekolah di Indonesia menggunakan data dari IFLS tahun 2014 dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Hasilnya menunjukkan prevalensi anemia pada anak usia sekolah sebesar 25,9%. Analisis menemukan hubungan signifikan antara status gizi, konsumsi makanan (hewani, sayuran, buah), diare, perilaku buang air besar, dan daerah tempat tinggal dengan n anemia (p<0,05). Faktor dominan anemia dari analisis multivariat adalah daerah tempat tinggal, dengan risiko 2,88 kali lebih besar. Pemerintah menyediakan akses pemeriksaan Hb di sekolah melalui UKS, serta edukasi tentang kesehatan bagi pendidik dan siswa. Masyarakat juga diminta untuk melakukan perilaku hidup sehat dengan memperhatikan asupan gizi sekaligus mencegah infeksi pencernaan

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Anemia occurs when the blood's hemoglobin level is below normal. The prevalence of anemia among school-aged children in Indonesia reaches 26.8%, higher than the national average. This condition can have negative impacts such as growth disturbances, decreased immunity, delayed puberty, and reduced intelligence levels. Common symptoms include lethargy, weakness, tiredness, fatigue, and negligence (5L), which can hinder muscle and bone development. This study aims to identify the prevalence of anemia, related factors, and dominant factors in school-aged children in Indonesia using data from the 2014 IFLS with a cross-sectional study design. The results show a prevalence of anemia among school-aged children of 25.9%. The analysis found significant relationships between nutritional status, food consumption (animal-based, vegetables, fruits), diarrhea, defecation behavior, and residential areas with anemia (p<0.05). The dominant factor for anemia from multivariate analysis is the residential area, with a risk 2.88 times greater. The government provides access to Hb tests in schools through UKS and health education for educators and students. The community is also encouraged to practice healthy living by paying attention to nutritional intake while preventing digestive infections."

"Prevalensi kejadian anemia defisiensi besi pada anak balita di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 47,2% (Depkes, 2000). Sedangkan data terakhir prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi pada balita meningkat dari 40% (Dep.Kes, 1995) menjadi 48.1%(Depkes, 2001). Penelitian ini selain untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia khususnya di Posyandu wilayah Pisangan Baru Matraman Jakarta Timur juga untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perubahan/peningkatan kadar Hb anak balita anemia usia 6-59 bulan sesudah suplementasi besi selama 12 minggu. Rancangan penelitian ini dengan disain cross sectional studi analitik menggunakan data sekunder, hasil kuesioner/wawancara, dan observasi Iingkungan. Populasi penelitian adalah anak balita yang ada di 5 Posyandu Pisangan baru Matraman Jakarta Timur. Sampel penelitian adalah anak balita anemia yang telah diperiksa kadar Hb awal sebelum suplementasi besi diberikan dan kadar Hb akhir setelah suplementasi besi selama 12 minggu. Jumlah sampel 85 balita. Sampel terbagi dua yaitu 67% (57 balita) balita dengan kadar Hb mengalami perubahan atau kenaikan dan 33% (28 balita) balita yang tidak mengalami kenaikan kadar Hb. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan program komputer SPSS versi 13.0. Faktor yang berhubungan bermakna dengan kenaikan kadar Hb anak balita pada 'analisis multivariat adalah faktor status imunisasi (POR = 3.33, 95% CI 1 1.15-9.66), faktor penghasilan keluarga (POR = 3.04, 95% CI : l-12-8.23) dan faktor riwayat infeksi pada balita (POR = 2.76, 95% CI : 1.00-7.61). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan bermakna dengan kenaikan kadar Hb balita di Posyandu Pisangan Baru yaitu status imunisasi balita (POR = 3.33, 95% CI : 1.15-9.66), artinya balita yang status imunisasinya lengkap mempunyai peluang 3.33 kali utuk kadar Hb-nya mengalami kenaikan daripada balita yang status imunisasinya tidak lengkap. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kenaikan kadar Hb berdasarkan karakteristik anak adalah umur, jenis kelamin, dau status gizi. Berdasarkan karakteristik keluarga, faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kenaikan kadar Hb adalah pendidikan ibu dan jumlah anak balita dalam keluarga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini upaya yang perlu dilakukan: Bagi Dinkes DKI Jakarta pentingnya kebijakan Program screening rutin dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kadar Hb awal untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia sesungguhnya sebelum dilakukan intervensi dini suplementasi besi dan pemeriksaan kadar Hb akhir untuk evaluasi keberhasilan intervensi di Jakarta Timur, dan umumnya di DKI Jakarta. Penting untuk perluasan program cakupan imunisasi pada balita, agar kadar Hb anak balita anemia yang diberikan intervensi mengalami kenaikan. Bagi Pemerintah dalam hal ini Negara berkoordinasi dengan Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta dan sektor terkait lainnya untuk pertimbangan kebijakan Program Ketahanan pangan gizi seperti program penyediaan Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) atau bahan-bahan nutrisi makanan yang diprioritaskan pada keluarga berpenghasilan rendah sehingga kadar Hb balita anemia mengalami kenaikan, mencegah terjadinya anemia berulang, dan mencegah terjadinya infeksi.

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Prevalence of iron deticiencies anemia among children under five years are still high. It is amount 47,2% (Health Department, 2000). While the last data from prevalence of iron deficiencies anemia among children under five years old improved irom amount 40% (Health Department, 1995) became 48,1% (Health Department, 2001). This study aim to know anaemia prevalence especially at Posyandu of Pisangan Baru Matrarnan, East Jakarta and also for checking factors related to improved Hb rate among children under live years old with anemia aged 6-59 months after iron supplementation during12 weeks.

This study used a cross sectional design by study analytic using secondary data, qustioer or interview result, and improvement observation. Study population are children under Eve years old in 5 Posyandu of Pisangan Baru Matraman, East Jakarta. Study samples are children under tive years old with anemia which have been checked by early I-Ib rate before iron supplementation are given ad the last Hb rate alter iron supplementation during 12 weeks; Samples are 85 children under five years old. These samples divided two that are 67% (57 children under five years old) with Hb rate chaged or improved and 33% (28 children under five years old) do not improve Hb rate. Processing and data analysis used computer by SPSS program.

Main factors related to improved Hb rate among children under live years old by multivariate analysis are immunization status factor (POR = 3.33, 95% CI :1.15 - 9.66), family income factor (POR = 3.04, 95% CI : 1.12 - 8.23) and infection history factor among children under tive years old at Posyandu Pisangan baru that are immunization status of five years old (POR = 3.33, 95% CI : 1.15 - 9.66), mean children under five years old which this immunization status is complete and- it has and oppurtinity 3.33 times for its I-Ib rate improved compare than children under five years old which don?t related to improve I-Ib rate based on child characteristic are sex and nutrition status. Based on family characteristic, factors which don?t related to improved Hb rate are mother education and amount of children under tive years old in families.

Based on this study result, it is important gived early intervention to suggested to conduct health education for public or mother which have children under live years old especially for East Jakarta and generally for DKI Jakarta to carry of children under live years old to Posyandu, Primary health center, Hospital and also related health institution to get primary immunization service until completes based on govemment program for public health service of DKI Jakarta and related sector by follow-up fiom running program for overcoming poorness by giving more food and ASI, Program and giving health service for public who have askeskin."

"Anak di bawah 5 tahun (balita) merupakan populasi dengan risiko anemia tertinggi dibandingkan dengan populasi kelompok usia lainnya (WHO, 2023). Prevalensi anemia pada populasi balita di Indonesia cenderung terus mengalami peningkatan dari 27,7% pada tahun 2007, kemudian meningkat sedikit menjadi 28,1% pada tahun 2013 dan meningkat tajam menjadi 38,5% pada tahun 2018 (Kemenkes RI, 2018). Pada kelompok usia balita, anak usia 6 – 23 bulan menjadi kelompok usia dengan risiko tertinggi untuk mengalami anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan data sekunder dari Riskesdas 2018. Sampel penelitian merupakan anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia dengan total sampel sejumlah 331 anak. Hasil penelitian menemukan besar prevalensi anemia pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia sebesar 58,9%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat, terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin (PR = 1,339; 95% CI  1,033-1,635) dan hubungan negatif yang signifikan (protektif) antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian anemia pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia (PR = 0,613 95% CI 0,537-1,290). Penggalakan program pemeriksaan Hb anemia pada anak usia 6-23 bulan, pemberian PMT yang kaya zat besi kepada anak usia 6-23 bulan dengan anemia, serta edukasi mengenai anemia pada anak melalui posyandu maupun puskesmas setempat diperlukan untuk mencegah dan mengendalian anemia pada anak.

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Toddlers are the population with the highest risk of anemia compared to other age group populations (WHO, 2023). The prevalence of anemia in the under-five population in Indonesia tends to continue to increase from 27.7% in 2007, then increased slightly to 28.1% in 2013 and increased sharply to 38.5% in 2018 (Ministry of Health RI, 2018). In the toddler age group, children aged 6-23 months are the age group with the highest risk for anemia. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional study design with secondary data from the 2018 Riskesdas. The research sample was children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia with a total sample of 331 children. The results of the study found that the prevalence of anemia in children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia was 58.9%. Based on the results of bivariate analysis, there was a significant positive relationship between gender (PR = 1.339; 95% CI 1.033-1.635) and a significant negative (protective) relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of anemia in children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia ( PR = 0.613 95% CI 0.537-1.290). Promoting programs for checking Hb anemia in children aged 6-23 months, giving PMT which is rich in iron to children aged 6-23 months with anemia, as well as education about anemia in children through posyandu and local health centers is needed to prevent and treat anemia in children."

"Anemia pada anak umur di bawah dua tahun (baduta) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang besar sampai saat ini baik di tingkat global, nasional maupun lokal. Prevalensi anemia baduta di tiga kecamatan wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Besar tahun 2011 mencapai 46,64%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian anemia. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang, menggunakan data sekunder hasil survey anemia defisiensi zat besi yang dilakukan oleh Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 253 anak usia 6-23 bulan. Prevalence Ratio dihitung dengan 95% Confident Interval menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil: risiko kejadian anemia adalah 1,22 kali (95% CI 0,59-2,09); 1,17 kali (95% CI 0,66-1,75); 1,56 kali (95% CI 1,07-2,28) dan 1,51 kali (95% CI 1,09-2,08) pada asupan zat zat besi, asam folat, vitamin C dan vitamin A yang kurang dibandingkan dengan yang cukup. Asupan protein yang kurang tidak menjadi risiko dalam kejadian anemia. Riwayat diare, ISPA dan status ASI muncul sebagai variabel perancu dan/atau interaksi.

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Anemia among children under two is still a serious public health concern at global, national and local level. Anemia prevalence among children under two in 3 subdistricts in Aceh Besar District in 2011 was 46,64%. The study aims to reveal the relationship between nutrient intake with anemia. Study design is cross section, using secondary data from anemia iron deficiency survey conducted by Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh, with total sample of 253 children 6-23 months.Prevalence Ratio was calculated with 95% Confident Interval using logistic regression.

Result: Anemia risk is 1,22 (95% CI 0.59-2.09); 1,17 (95% CI 0.66-1.75); 1,56 (95% CI 1,07-2.28) and 1,51 (95% CI 1.09-2.08) times higher in deficiency of iron, folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin A intake in comparison with the adequate ones. There is no risk of anemia from lack of protein intake. Diarrhea and ARI histories and breastfeeding status act as either confounders or effect modifier."

"A study to investigate the effect of iron supplementation program among underfive children in North Central 'Timor, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia was conducted. The study was comprised into two parts: a cross-sectional study to investigate the impact of the ongoing government of Indonesia iron supplementation program and a intervention trial aiming to investigate the effect of daily compared to weekly iron supplementation. Hemoglobin, weight, height and compliance assessment were performed.The cross-sectional study involved 127 underfive children from four health centers. The average of age, weight and height of the recruited subjects was 36.6 months, 10.4 kg and 84.5 cm respectively. The result of this study showed that the prevalence of anemia among 127 underfive children where iron supplementation program has been implemented was still high, (81.5%), although 75.6% of the subjects claimed to take all the iron syrup.The intervention study recruited 160 preschool children and were divided into two groups: for 10 week one group received a daily supplement of 30 mg Fe, while the other group received 30 mg Fe per week A complete data set was obtained from 75 children in the group supplemented daily and 73 children in the group supplemented weekly. Th average age, weight and height of the subjects for daily group were 43.7 months, 12.1 kg and 91.0 cm respectively while 41.8 months, 11.7 kg and 90.3 cm for the weekly group.The result of this study showed a significant hemoglobin increase in both groups (p<0.001) which reduced the prevalence of anemia from 42.3 to 7 % in daily group and from 55.9% to 27.9% in weekly group. Although the weekly group had higher compliance (100%) compared to daily group (42.1%), it is concluded that daily group resulted in a better effect in reducing anemia prevalence among the preschool children."

"Prevalensi anemia anak di Indonesia, berdasarkan data Riskesdas tahun 2013, sebanyak 28,1%. Angka ini meningkat dari sebelumnya di tahun 2007 hanya sebesar 27,7%. Lalu meningkat lagi di tahun 2018 pada riskesdas menunjukan angka 38,5%. Hasil penelitian Zuffo et al., 2016); Prieto-Patron et al., 2018; Li et al., 2019; Woldie, Kebede and Tariku, 2015; Konstantyner, Roma Oliveira and De Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei, 2012 menunjukan bahwa kelompok yang lebih berisiko menderita anemia adalah usia 0-23 bulan. Penelitian di Bali tahun 2019 juga menunjukan hasil yang sama bahwa sebanyak 71% anak berusia dibawah dua tahun menderita anemia, sedangkan hanaya 9% anak usia diatas dua tahun yang menderita anemia. Untuk itu penelitian ini perlu dilakukan agar dapat diketahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia baduta di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi kejadian anemia baduta di Indonesia dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia baduta di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Riskesdas tahun 2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 832 anak. Penelitian ini juga melakukan uji multivariat yaitu regresi logistic, untuk mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian anemia pada baduta di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui bahwa prevalensi anemia baduta mencapai 54,9%. Pada penelitian ini usia baduta 0-11 bulan [OR 1,770 (1,33-2,34)], status gizi wasting [OR 1,626 (1,03-2,55)], status gizi underweight [OR 1,556 (1,05-2,33)], pendidikan ibu rendah [OR 2,512 (1,39-4,54)], pendidikan ibu menengah [OR 1,893(1,07-3,32)], dan wilayah rumah tinggal perdesaan [OR 1,386 (1,05-1,82)] ditemukan beruhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian anemia baduta. Variabel paling dominan yang ditemukan adalah usia baduta. Oleh karena itu, disarankan bagi dinas kesehatan di Indonesia untuk menanggulangi anemia diharapkan posyandu dan puskesmas dapat sedini mungkin mendeteksi anemia pada anak, yakni pada rentang usia 3-5 bulan, atau setidaknya sesuai dengan rekomendasi skrining pertama anemia yakni, pada usia maksimal 9-12 bulan. Juga, diharapkan dapat menyediakan suplementasi yang cukup dan memadai baik untuk baduta maupun ibu hamil.

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The prevalence of anemia in children in Indonesia, based on data from Indonesia Based Health Research in 2013, was 28.1%. This figure increased from the previous year in 2007 which was only 27.7%. Then it increased again in 2018 showing the figure of 38.5%. Research results Zuffo et al., 2016); Prieto-Patron et al., 2018; Li et al., 2019; Woldie, Kebede and Tariku, 2015; Konstantyner, Roma Oliveira and De Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei, 2012 showed that the group at higher risk for anemia was aged 0-23 months. Research in Bali in 2019 also showed the same results that as many as 71% of children under two years of age suffer from anemia, while only 9% of children aged over two years suffer from anemia. For this reason, this research needs to be carried out in order to know the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in under-two in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in under-two in Indonesia and the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in under-two in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from Indonesia Based Health Research 2018. The research design used is cross-sectional with a total of 832 children as respondents. This study also conducted a multivariate test, namely logistic regression, to determine the dominant factor in the incidence of anemia in children under two in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the prevalence of anemia in under-two reaches 54.9%. In this study, children aged 0-11 months [OR 1.770 (1.33-2.34)], nutritional status wasting [OR 1.626 (1.03-2.55)], nutritional status underweight [OR 1.556 (1.05 -2.33)], low maternal education [OR 2.512 (1.39-4.54)], secondary maternal education [OR 1.893(1.07-3.32)], and rural area of ​​residence [OR 1.386 (1.05-1.82)] was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of anemia in under-two. The most dominant variable found was the children age. Therefore, it is recommended for health offices in Indonesia to overcome anemia, it is hoped that posyandu and puskesmas can detect anemia in children as early as possible, namely in the age range of 3-5 months, or at least according to the recommendation for the first screening for anemia, namely, at a maximum age of 9-12 month. Also, it is expected to provide adequate and adequate supplementation for both children and pregnant women."

"Anemia di Indonesia masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di berbagai kalangan usia termasuk balita sebagai salah satu kelompok paling rentan. Balita anemia dapat terjadi akibat berbagai faktor dan perlu diintervensi sedini mungkin untuk mencegah akibat lain yang memengaruhi kesehatan dan pertumbuhan nya di kemudian hari. Anemia pada balita Provinsi DKI Jakarta menunjukkan prevalensi tertinggi dibandingkan tingkat wilayah provinsi lainnya di pulau Jawa. Penelitian cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya anemia pada balita usia 12-59 bulan berdasarkan faktor individual, faktor orang tua, dan faktor makanan. Data diperoleh dari IFLS 5 Tahun 2014/2015 yang dilakukan oleh RAND Corporation sebanyak 172 balita usia 12-59 bulan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis kuantitatif secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian diperoleh prevalensi kejadian anemia pada balita usia 12-59 bulan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta sebanyak 53,5% dan faktor risiko dominan terjadinya anemia adalah usia dengan p-value = <0,025 (OR=2,396 (1,165-4,926)) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel status gizi menurut PB/U atau TB/U. Usia 12-23 bulan adalah usia penting yang harus menjadi perhatian orang tua untuk memenuhi kebutuhan asupan gizi seimbang serta kesehatannya untuk mencegah risiko terjadinya anemia. Dinas kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, instansi kesehatan, dan petugas kesehatan yang terlibat dari Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta setempat perlu memberi perhatian pada upaya pencegahan anemia pada balita.

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Anemia in Indonesia is still a major nutritional problem for various ages, including children under five as one of the most vulnerable groups. Under-five anemia can occur due to various factor, and it is necessary to prevent as early as possible to avoid other consequences that affect children’s health and growth in the future. Anemia in children aged 12-59 months DKI Jakarta Province shows the highest prevalence compared to other provincial areas on the island of Java. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the risk factors for anemia in children aged 12-59 months based on individual factors, parental factors, and dietary factors. Data obtained from IFLS 5 Year 2014/2015 conducted by RAND Corporation as many as 376 toddlers aged 12-59 months in DKI Jakarta Province. The research was conducted through univariate, bivariate and multivariate quantitative analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in children aged 12-59 months in DKI Jakarta Province was 53.5% and  the dominant risk factor for anemia was age p-value=<0,025 (OR=2,396 (1,165-4,926)) after being controlled by variables of nutritional status according to HAZ. The age of 12-23 months is an important age to be a concern for parents to meet their balanced nutritional and health needs to prevent the risk of anemia. DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, health agencies, and health workers involved from DKI Jakarta Provincial Government need to pay attention to prevent anemia in children under five."

"Anemia merupakan kondisi kadar hemoglobin pada darah lebih rendah dari nilai normal. Anemia lebih banyak terjadi pada balita yang dapat memberikan dampak terhadap fungsi kognitif anak. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas prevalensi anemia balita mengalami peningkatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi dan faktor dominan dari variabel independen dengan anemia balita usia 6-36 bulan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan yaitu data Riskesdas tahun 2018 yang berjumlah 1251 balita dengan desain studi cross-sectional dan dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Diperoleh bahwa terdapat 48,3% balita usia 6-36 bulan di Indonesia mengalami anemia. Sedangkan untuk variabel signifikan terhadap kejadian anemia balita yaitu pada faktor individu anak, diantaranya usia balita [OR 2,13 (1,70-2,68)], status gizi BB/U [OR 1,64 (1,22-2,19)], status gizi TB/U [OR 1,29 (1,02-1,63)], dan status gizi BB/TB [OR 1,49 (1,04-2,11)]. Sedangkan, pada faktor maternal yaitu pada pendidikan ibu [OR 1,32 (0,79-2,22); OR 1,66 (1,01-2,74)], anemia ibu [OR 1,72 (1,31-2,26)], dan paritas [OR 1,60 (1,24-,07)]. Untuk variabel yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian anemia balita terdapat pada faktor usia balita usia 6-23 bulan.

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Anemia is a condition where the hemoglobin level in the blood is lower than normal. Anemia is more common in toddlers which can have an impact on children's cognitive function. Based on Riskesdas data, the prevalence of anemia in children under five has increased. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the proportions and dominant factors of the independent variables with anemia in children aged 6-36 months in Indonesia. The data used is the 2018 Riskesdas data, which totaled 1251 toddlers with a cross-sectional study design and univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out. It was found that there were 48.3% of toddlers aged 6-36 months in Indonesia experiencing anemia. For significant variables, including toddler age [OR 2.13 (1.70-2.68)], underweight nutritional status [OR 1.64 (1.22-2.19)], stunted nutritional status [OR 1.29 (1.02-1.63)], wasted nutritional status [OR 1.49 (1.04-2.11)], mother's education [OR 1.32 (0.79-2.22); OR 1.66 (1.01-2.74)], maternal anemia [OR 1.72 (1.31-2.26)], and parity [OR 1.60 (1.24-2.07)]. The variable most at risk for the incidence of anemia in children under five is the age factor of children aged 6-23 months."

"Adanya pengetahuan yang cukup diharapkan berpengaruh terhadap besarnya motivasi orang tua untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan terhadap anemia defisiensi besi pada anak sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan yang dimiliki orang tua tentang anemia defisiensi besi pada anak sekolah., mengetahui motivasi orang tua untuk melakukan pencegahan dan mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dengan motivasi orang tua untuk melakukan pencegahan di RW 04 Kelurahan Paneoran Mas Kecamatan Pancoran Mas Depok. Desain yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif sebanyak 68 responden. Hasil analisis univariat menunjuklcan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua cukup tinggi dengan persentase 54% sedangkan yang berpengetahuan rendah 46%. Motivasi orang tua untuk melakukan pencegahan terhadap anemia defisiensi besi culcup besar dengan persentase 56% dan orang tua yang memiliki motivasi rendah yaitu 44%. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan motivasi orang tua unmk melakukan pencegahan terhadap anemia defisiensi besi pada anak sekolah. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan keperawatan khususnya keperawatan Komunitas."