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"Perkembangan berbagai segi kehidupan, baik politik, ekononomi, budaya, dan lain sebagainya telah mempengaruhi perkembangan ilmu hukum di berbagai belahan dunia. Sebagai contoh, perkembangan ilmu hukum administrasi negara di kawasan Eropajuga telah berlangsung dengan pesal, teratama disebabkan oleh perluasan keanggotaan Uni Eropa, dengan masuknya 10 negara baru kedalam organisasi regional tersebut sejak I Mei 2004. Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang perkembangan terakhir hukum administrasi negara di Belanda dan Uni Eropa, terutama dengan berbagai perkembangan aktual yang terjadi dalam bidang legislatifdi Belanda dan Uni Eropa, serta berbagai pengaturan mengenai hukum administrasi negara di dalam draft konstitusi Uni Eropa."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis bagaimanakedaulatan dari suatu negara atas wilayah yang berada di luar negeri, denganmengambil contoh negara Perancis dan Belanda sebagai anggota Uni Eropa yangmenguasai wilayah di luar negeri. Penulis mempergunakan metode penelitianyuridis normatif dengan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwameskipun kolonialisasi tidak lagi diakui oleh bangsa-bangsa di dunia, penguasaanoleh suatu negara terhadap wilayah yang terletak di luar negeri ternyata tidakbertentangan dengan hukum internasional. Hal ini ditegaskan dengandisepakatinya konsep non-self governing territories di dalam Piagam PBB sertadibentuknya Association of Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) oleh UniEropa di dalam Traktat Lisbon. Adanya kedaulatan dari Perancis dan Belanda ataswilayah-wilayah di luar negeri (OCTs) diakui oleh negara-negara anggota UniEropa sebagaimana diatur dengan ketentuan Article 198 Treaty on theFunctioning of European Union (TFEU).

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ABSTRACTThis research aimed to describe and to analyze the territorial sovereignty of a

State over its overseas territories, by taking examples from France and Kingdom

of Netherlands as Member States of European Union that possess overseas

territories. Author use juridical-normative research method with literature studies.

The research shows that although colonization is no longer recognized by all of

nations, possession of a State over a territory which located overseas of its main

territory is not contradictory to international law. It was acknowledged by the

United Nations which agree upon Non-Self Governing Territories as stated in the

UN Charter, and by European Union which establishing Association of Overseas

Countries and Territories as stated in Lisbon Treaty. The sovereignty of France

and the Kingdom of Netherlands upon their overseas territories was

acknowledged by Member States of European Union as regulated by Article 198

Treaty on the Functioning of European Union (TFEU)."

"We always come cross several decision-making problems in our daily life. Such problems are always conflicting in which many different view points should be satisfied. In politics, business, industrial systems, management science, networks, etc. one often encounters such kind of problems. The most important and difficult part in such problems is the conflict between various objectives and goals. In these problems, one has to find the minimum(or maximum) for several objective functions. Such problems are called vector optimization problems (VOP), multi-criteria optimization problems or multi-objective optimization problems. This volume deals with several different topics / aspects of vector optimization theory ranging from the very beginning to the most recent one. It contains fourteen chapters written by different experts in the field of vector optimization.;We always come cross several decision-making problems in our daily life. Such problems are always conflicting in which many different view points should be satisfied. In politics, business, industrial systems, management science, networks, etc. one often encounters such kind of problems. The most important and difficult part in such problems is the conflict between various objectives and goals. In these problems, one has to find the minimum(or maximum) for several objective functions. Such problems are called vector optimization problems (VOP), multi-criteria optimization problems or multi-objective optimization problems. This volume deals with several different topics / aspects of vector optimization theory ranging from the very beginning to the most recent one. It contains fourteen chapters written by different experts in the field of vector optimization.;We always come cross several decision-making problems in our daily life. Such problems are always conflicting in which many different view points should be satisfied. In politics, business, industrial systems, management science, networks, etc. one often encounters such kind of problems. The most important and difficult part in such problems is the conflict between various objectives and goals. In these problems, one has to find the minimum(or maximum) for several objective functions. Such problems are called vector optimization problems (VOP), multi-criteria optimization problems or multi-objective optimization problems. This volume deals with several different topics / aspects of vector optimization theory ranging from the very beginning to the most recent one. It contains fourteen chapters written by different experts in the field of vector optimization."