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"I chose to do fieldwork among the Sasak of Lombok, Indonesia, and to study aspects of ritual. Many idioms of experience which have repercus¬sions in everyday life frequently are expressed most clearly in a ritual¬ized context. I focussed my research wherever possible on the language of ritual and on explicitly ritualized forms of language as symbolic media that provide structural continuity to social interaction. However, in order to understand exactly what ideas were being expressed in ritual form, and why and how, it was necessary to gather considerable sociocultural material as background. This background occasionally came to overshadow the ritualized behavior that was the original focus. The rea¬sons for this were clear, though, because the example of ritualized be¬havior and language I had selected to analyze, bau nyale, was one which exemplified, articulated, and even paralleled conditions found in the more general cultural context.' Ritualized events that were less spec¬tacular visually and which involved little or no explicitly structured speech, or even silence--normal courting or elopement, for example--actually had more radical consequences for everyday social life than did bau nyale; but together they all formed a single complex of thought cen¬tered on the fundamental issue of the nature of social relations. Ritual¬ized events often attract attention because they are unusual and dramatic,"

"ABSTRAKDisertasi ini membahas persoalan kecacatan yang diakibatkan penyakit Charcot Marie Tooth; penyakit kelemahan otot yang bersifat genetik. Kaum disabled hampir selalu mengalami, antara lain stigma, isolasi, dan marginalisasi. Kecacatan merupakan sebuah hasil konstruksi sosial dari masyarakat yang beranggapan bahwa para difabel tidak mampu bekerja dan beraktivitas sebagaimana manusia normal lainnya karena memiliki ketidaksempurnaan pada anggota tubuhnya. Melalui metode autoetnografi, penelitian ini menganalisis pengalaman personal di dalam lingkungan sosialkultural, yaitu pada saat mendatangi pengobatan medis dan nonmedis, serta ketika menghadapi berbagai kondisi fasilitas dan sarana-prasarana yang tidak mendukung bagi kaum difabel. Permasalahan kecacatan ternyata tidak hanya berkutat dengan urusan kesehatan fisik dan mental saja, melainkan juga dihadapkan pada respons budaya dari lingkungan sosial dimana mereka tinggal dan beraktivitas.

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ABSTRACT

This research addresses disability caused by Charcot Marie Tooth; a genetically muscle weakness disease. Disable people are treated unequally; inter alia, stigmatized, isolated and marginalized. Disability is a social construction within society which presumes that difables difables are unable to play normal roles due to body inadequacy. This research has been performed with auto-ethnography method by analyzing personal experiences in many socialcultural circumstances, i.e., medical treatments and when facing various unfriendly infrastructures. The research reveals that for difables, the disability is not physical and mental problems per se, but also a complex of socialcultural responses from society which they have to struggle with."

"Provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the current state of knowledge on electrical signaling and responses in plant physiology. It covers a significant interdisciplinary area for a broad range of researchers, emphasizing the physical, chemical, biological, and technological aspects of plant electrophysiology, while also demonstrating the role of electrochemical processes and ion channels in plant life cycles. Separate chapters describe the electrophysiology of the venus flytrap, the telegraph plant, mimosa pudica, and other interesting plant species. Subsequent sections focus on mechanisms of plant movement, the role of ion channels, morphing structures, and the effects of electrical signal transduction on photosynthesis and respiration. Further topics include the electrophysiology of plant-insect interactions, how plants sense different environmental stresses and stimuli, and how phytoactuators respond to them. All chapters analyze the generation and transmission of electrical signals in plants."

"This book considers the two available strategies open to astronomers, get rid of the light pollution by lobbying authorities and standards organisations, and minimize its effects by using the correct instrumentation. The book contains an extensive detailed catalogue of deep-sky and other objects that, despite what one might believe, can be seen from variously light-polluted sites, for practical observers. "