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"For the last two decades, national development has been growing rapidly by 6-8% per annum. Nevertheless, gaps between regions and between sectors are still found which need to be taken care of for the future sustainable development, especially in construction industry. The average national growth of 8% has not been followed by the contribution increase to GDP, which is about 4-6% for the same period. Endeavor in support of raising contribution value to GDP through the development of wood technology application in strategically sector, in housing sub sector, in particular of construction industry would have important meaning for the development in general.This research is directed to evaluate the potential of the application of wood technology using metal connector on housing roofs in large scale so that it can be used to provide value added by those sectors that can take benefit of the techno economic value of wood to the optimum. To this end the research will also be carried out to the upstream through downstream, especially those related to and influencing the supply and demand sides of the potential of the application of wood technology.A survey in literature shows Indonesia as having about 4000 kinds of wood of which 268 kinds are recorded as spreader and only 62 kinds or 179 botanical species are traded with economic value is needed in the development. In addition, this research will take stock of and evaluate the outcome of applying wood construction technology that has been developed and well tested in other countries, such as Australia. Research is also carried out on the potential of mass production by fabrication system or manufacturing and on the value added of the technology and various controls needed to achieve the intended objective. Various quantitative methods, including mathematical and statistical ones, have been used with regression for house supply analysis and wood contribution for roof frame, comparison of wood use against the metal connector and hypothetical try out needed.The result of the analysis is evaluated on statistical standard level regarding its validity, trustworthiness and forecasting. The data have been used in representing and describing the current conditioning of construction industry, especially in Indonesia.The research result hopefully: 1. Can provide additional information to increase the value added of wood material for the development of construction industry at its downstream sector and specially in agricultural sector to provide indication of the kinds of wood in the upstream sector needed in the upstream sector needed in the future.2. Provides the picture of natural resource of Indonesia in the frame of its maximum utilization and development.3. Gives indication of how much of wood economizing scale is needed for the increase in construction value added that can be achieved by the application of wood technology know how, especially in housing sector.4. Increases the awareness of those related parties to the objective of construction industry development in general and housing sector in particular so that it can :i. Support the government program in developing wood resource potential from the development program of. Industrial Forest Plantation.ii. Drive construction industry to achieve more profitable value added for development through the use of wood material efficiently.iii. Provide required training and information for the application of wood technological know-how of highly beneficial usage to those related sectors, construction industry in particular."

"Dewasa ini, penggunaan material komposit sebagai elemen dalam struktur bangunan berkembang dengan pesat. Pada kesempatan ini kami meneliti penggabungan antara kayu dengan baja menjadi komposit kayu-baja yang diimplementasikan sebagai elemen balok. Balok kayu yang digunakan berpenampang rectangular, sedangkan profil bajanya dari siku yang diletakkan terbuka pada sisi atas dan bawah balok kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh manfaat dari pemberian tambahan material baja ternadap kekuatan kayu. Kesulitan yang timbul selama penelitian adalah mendapatkan data yang cukup lengkap tentang sifat fisik dari jenis kayu yang digunakan dalam studi eksperimen, oleh sebab itu dilakukan serangkaian uji awal temadap sampel yang akan digunakan dalam eksperimen untuk mendapatkan data sifat fisiknya, dan melakukan beberapa asumsi untuk melengkapi kebutuhan data.Metode numerik yang digunakan untuk melakukan perhitungan kekuatan penampang adalah dengan membagi penampang menjadi serat-serat dengan ketebalan yang tipis, atau disebut fiber model. Dari serat-serat ini kemudian dihitung tegangannya berdasarkan hubungan tegangan-regangan material. Hubungan tegangan-regangan kayu dan baja diasumsikan sebagai kurva bilinier dengan adanya penambahan kekuatan setelah kayu melewati titik lelehnya. Pendistribusian regangan diambil asumsi bahwa regangan akan terdistribusi secara linier dan sifat non-linearitas penampang diabaikan. Dari hasil perhitungan ini, kemudian didapatkan hubungan antara momen kapasitas penampang dengan kurvatur. Selanjutnya dilakukan interpolasi untuk mendapatkan hubungan antara momen gaya dalam dengan kurvatur. Setelah mendapatkan hubungan ini, maka dapat dihitung berapa rotasi dan defleksi yang terjadi pada balok.Hasil dari perhitungan numerik ini adalah kurva beban-lendutan untuk balok kayu non-komposit dan komposit. Dari hasil analisis numerik, maka kemudian dilakukan perbandingan dengan hasil eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen, pada tiap sampel yang diuji, ternyata terdapat bentuk keruntuhan yang berbeda dari asumsi awal, yaitu adanya kegagalan geser pada kayu, local buckling pada profil baja atas, serta slip pada shear connector. Oleh karenanya, dilakukanlah perhitungan reduksi kekuatan pada baja agar lendutan dari perhitungan numerik yang didapatkan lebih sesuai dengan hasil eksperimen. Hasil akhir dari analisis tersebut adalah kurva beban-lendutan yang sudah tereduksi yang dibandingkan dengan hasil eksperimen serta kesimpulan terhadap hasil penelitian balok komposit kayu-baja ini.

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Nowadays, the use of composite material is growing rapidly. In this opportunity, we study the combination of wood and steel to become the wood - steel composite which implemented as a beam element, the wood beam that is used in this study is a rectangular profile, and for the steel is an L type profile. This studies objective is to know the advantage that can be obtain by using additional steel material to the strength of wood beam. There are some difficulties that happened in this research; some of those are that we don't have enough literate material that we need to know about the physical characteristic of wood, and the lack of data about wood - steel composite. Because of that, we have to make some assumptions based from the experimental studies.

The numerical methods that is used to count the strength of the profile is by dividing the profile into a thin fiber, this method is known as the FIBER MODEL. From this fiber, we then calculate the strain using the strain - stress relation of the material. From this calculation we now have the profile's axial force and moment capacity. And then, we make an interpolation between the moment capacity, curvature, and moment form loading. After we have the relation of moment and curvature, then we can calculate the rotation and deflection which happened in the beam.

The result of this numerical calculation is the load - displacement curve, where we can compare it to the result from the experimental studies. Using this comparison, then we can make analysis of the composite material. Composite beam structure is approved to be the reason of the increasing number of strength, stiffness, and ductility."

"This book explores various digital representation strategies that could change the future of wooden architectures by blending tradition and innovation. Composed of 61 chapters, written by 153 authors hailing from 5 continents, 24 countries and 69 research centers, it addresses advanced digital modeling, with a particular focus on solutions involving generative models and dynamic value, inherent to the relation between knowing how to draw and how to build. Thanks to the potential of computing, areas like parametric design and digital manufacturing are opening exciting new avenues for the future of construction. The books chapters are divided into five sections that connect digital wood design to integrated approaches and generative design; to model synthesis and morphological comprehension; to lessons learned from nature and material explorations; to constructive wisdom and implementation-related challenges; and to parametric transfigurations and morphological optimizations. "