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"This cross sectional study was conducted on 304 elderly, aged 55 years and over, who were randomly selected at the Public Health Center levels in South Jakarta. The prevalence of CHD risk factors for the total population indicated by dyslipidemia and abdominal over fatness in this study were high (76% and 48°1o, respectively). Differences between gender were found with respect to body fat distribution as determinant of serum lipid profiles. In the elderly women, AHR were positively correlated with serum triglycerides and total cholesterol (p<0.05) but not in the elderly men. Energy, fat and cholesterol intakes did not show correlation with any serum lipid status in this population group. Energy intake of the elderly was low. Percent energy from fat and cholesterol intake were in accordance with the Indonesian Consensus of Dyslipidemia and NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Program). Generally, the elderly men and women had similar scores for several aspects of later life status. However cognitive function, well being, and later life status in the elderly men were higher than those in the elderly women. It was demonstrated that there was a significant negative association between physical activity score and selected serum lipid profiles (TC and TG), especially in the elderly women. Similar findings were also observed for social activity scores. No associations were found between alcohol consumption and serum lipid profiles in this study. On the other hand, smoking which was prevalent in the elderly men contributed to the elevation of serum triglycerides concentration. "

"As part of CRONOS , this study, with cross-sectional design, aimed to observe nutritional and health status and some of their determinants, both nutritional and non-nutritional, of free-living elderly and middle-aged people in poor area of Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Data on dietary intake, anthropometry, socio-economic psychological stains and health assessment were collected hom 100 Vietnamese elderly men and women between 60-74 years and 100 middle-aged men and women aged 35-44 years old living during 2 months January and February, 1996 in village 2, district 4, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Findings of this study showed that both age groups had low energy and nutrient intakes assessed by single 24-hour recall. Median energy intakes were 8.2 MJ and 4 MJ for middle-aged and elderly rwpectively, which was suggested to be due to real energy intake deficiency in study population and underrestimation in the recalls. Anthropometric Endings demonstrated that the elderly had lower nutritional status as compared to the middle-aged (40% of elderly versus 26% of middle-aged were classified as chronic energy deficiency). This study also confirmed that the Vietnamese elderly had higher prevalence of abdominal fairness than their younger conterparts, as evidenced by having higher abdomen-to-hip ratio. Socio-economic and psychological data suggested that Vietnamese elderly received both socio-economic and psychological support nom family substantially. Only one third of elderly people self-perveived health as good. Discrepancy between self-reported hypertension and observed hypertension suggested that medical care in the elderly population is not of concern. High prevalence of hypertension (40%) and smoking (78%) indicated that Cardiovascular disease risk factors merits consideration in the geriatric care System in Vietnam."

"This cross-sectional study was conducted on 204, 60-75 years old free-living elderly, who were randomly selected from 2 suhvillages of Johar Baru, Jakarta Pusat. The overall health, food and biochemical nutrient status of the elderly were poor. Energy intake was law and 53.9 percent of the subjects had energy intake <2/3 of the RDI. The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (BMI < 18 .5 kg/rn2) was 26.6 percent More than 75 percent of the elderly had iron and vitamin BI intakes < 2/3 of the RDL Using WHO criteria, the overall prevalence of anemia was 28.9 percent and the elderly females were most affected than the elderly males. Low vitamin Br status (ETK stimulation X14 percent), was found in 64.4 percent of the subjects Low biochemical status of vitamins B12, and A were 8.8 and 5.4 percent, respectively. Folate status was adequate as only 2.9 percent of the elderly had low RBCfolate levels.Intakes of vitamins B, and B12 were related with their biochemical nutrient levels Diseases was a risk factor to low thiamin status but increased RBC folate. Widowhood and less than 6 years schooling were associated with low Hb and serum retina concentrations in elderly males BMI r 18.5 kg/nn was associated with low Hb and RBC folate concentrations. Subjects of household with per capita income less than Rp 41,200.00 had the highest prevalence of anemia compared with subjects of households with higher per capita income Low vitamin B12 status was associated with low Hb while serum vitamin B12 was positively associated with RBC folate."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran lingkar pinggang, faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan lingkar pinggang, and faktor predominan lingkar pinggang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan metode purposive sampling pada 139 responden guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Cilandak Jakarta Selatan tahun 2013. Data yang dikumpulkan pada penelitian ini meliputi lingkar pinggang, jenis kelamin, umur, pendapatan, pengetahuan gizi, kecukupan energi, kecukupan karbohidrat, kecukupan lemak, dan aktivitas fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ratarata lingkar pinggang pada perempuan 80,40 cm dan pada laki-laki 88,04 cm. Dari penelitian ini, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, umur, dan pendapatan dengan lingkar pinggang. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin, yaitu perempuan dan umur yang semakin meningkat menjadi faktor predominan lingkar pinggang. Asupan makanan yang tepat dan diimbangi dengan aktivitas fisik yang teratur diperlukan untuk mengontrol ukuran lingkar pinggang agar tidak melebihi cut off points.

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The objective of this study was to determine the description of waist circumference, the association of risk factors and waist circumference, and predominant factor of waist circumference. This study use a cross sectional design research with purposive sampling among 139 elementary school teacher in Cilandak District, South Jakarta in year 2013. The data have been collected on this research included waist circumference, sex, age, income, nutrition knowledge, energy sufficiency, carbohydrate sufficiency, fat sufficiency, and physical activity.

The result of this study showed that the mean value of waist circumference in women was 80,40 cm and in men was 88,04 cm. In bivariat analyses, sex, age, and income was significantly related to waist circumference. The result of multivariat analyses showed that sex especially in women and older age were predominant factors of waist circumference. The correct food intake and balancing the physical activity is necessary to control waist circumference in order not to exceed the cut off points."

"Perkembangan motorik merupakan salah satu aspek perkembangan penting bagi anak-anak karena melalui perkembangan motorik, anak mempelajari lingkungan dan memiliki pengalaman baru yang dapat menstimulasi hubungan di antara sel-sel saraf anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran perkembangan motorik serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan motorik pada anak umur 7-36 bulan di Kelurahan Pademangan Barat, Jakarta Utara. Desain penelitian yaitu desain studi cross sectional, dengan sampel 134 anak berumur 7-36 bulan yang terdapat di Kelurahan Pademangan Barat, Jakarta Utara Bulan April-Mei 2014. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi stunting,wasting, asupan zat gizi (energi, protein, zat besi), ASI eksklusif, penyakit infeksi (diare dan ISPA), pengetahuan, serta stimulasi perkembangan sebagai variabel independen dan sebagai variabel dependen adalah perkembangan motorik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan formulir food recall 2x24 jam, pengukuran antropometri berat badan dan tinggi badan, serta penilaian perkembangan motorik dengan formulir Denver II. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji chi square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak berumur 7-36 bulan yang mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan motorik di Kelurahan Pademangan Barat, Jakarta Utara berjumlah 17,2%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara severely stunting/ sangat pendek, wasting/ kurus, asupan energi, penyakit diare, serta stimulasi perkembangan dengan perkembangan motorik.Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, setiap ibu balita serta anggota keluarga lainnya diharapkan dapat berperan mendukung tumbuh kembang anak dengan pemberian nutrisi, pemantauan status gizi, penerapan lingkungan sehat, dan pemberian stimulasi yang tepat. Selain itu, para petugas kesehatan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan edukasi kepada keluarga, khususnya para ibu balita tentang pentingnya pemantauan status gizi dan pemberian stimulasi perkembangan untuk anak.

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Motor development is one of the important aspect in children?s development. Through the attainment of motor skill, children start to explore their environment and engage with their new experiences that stimulate the neurogical synapses. This research purposed to analyze the relationship between stunting, wasting, nutition intake (energy, protein, iron), exclusive breastfeeding, infectious disease (diarrhea and acute respiratory infection), mother?s knowledge, and stimulation with motor development among children 7-36 months of age in Subdistrict of Pademangan Barat, North Jakarta.

This research used cross sectional study design with purposive sampling and 134 actual subjects in 7 maternal and children health care center in Subdistrict of Pademangan Barat, North Jakarta on April ? May 2014. The dependent variable is motor development and the independent variables are stunting, wasting, nutrition intake (energy, protein, iron), exclusive breastfeeding, infectious disease (diarrhea and acute respiratory infection), mother's knowledge, and stimulation. The data were collected through interview by using questionnaire and food recall sheet, anthropometric measurement (height and weight), and examine motor development by using Denver II sheet. Data analysis was performed using chi square test. The result showed that 17,2% of children have motor development delay.

The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was an association between severely stunting with children?s motor development. There were also significant association between wasting, energy intake, diarrhea, and stimulation with children?s motor development.

From this study, we suggest that mother and other family have to support the children?s development by providing adequate nutritious food, better stimulation, health environment, and maintaining nutritional status of the children. The health care workers are also required to provide and promote more information about children?s development for mother dan the family."