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"Initial preparation of sea weed from Krakal beach and Lemah Abang Jepara. The Sea Weed from Krakal beach, Gunung Kidul, and Lemah Abang, Jepara have been prepared. The sea weed was initial prepared by crushed, dryed by freeze dryer, milled using a ball-mill and sieved with unscreened grain size of 100 mesh. The homogenized powder were tested by Laser Particle Sizer Analysette 22, by double preparation and four times measurement for every sample. The grain size of both powder was in the range of 4.623 um to 583.015 um, arange in 31 classes. The smallest class were the particles with size 4.623 – 5.462 um. The second class having the lowest size 5.462 um, the midle size was 5.96 um, and the highest was 6.453 and so on. The largest class has the smallest size 493.445 um, the midles size 538.23 um, and the largest was 583.015 um. The geometric mean diameter of the Sea Weed from Krakal was 135.667 um, and from Lemah Abang 46.053 um respectively. The Krakal Sea Weed's curve showed that the skewness was 0.839, kurtosis 0.950, and Specific Surface Area was 0.08 m² mL-1, and from Lemah Abang the skewness was 1.921, curtosis 7.133, and the specific surface area was 0.23. The curves of cummulative percentage versus particle sizes showed that the eighth curves were relatively identic and close together, showed that the powder were physically homogen, and may be continued to the chemical analysis."

"Di dalam ekosistem terumbu karang terjadi hubungan simbiosis, baik yang bersifat mutualisme, komensalisme, maupun parasitisme. Penelitian mengenai hubungan parasitisme antara dua jenis bita laut belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian hubungan parasitisme antara siput Thyca crystalline dan bintang biru laut Linckia laevigata telah dilakukan di perairan Ternate pada bbulan Oktober sampai November 2009. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan parasitisme antara Thyca crystalline sebagai parasite dan Linckia laevigata sebagai inangnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada 41 lokasi dengan metode koleksi bebas pada ekosistem terumbu karang menggunakan bantuan perlengkapan selam SCUBA. Pengukuran struktur populasi siput parasite dan inangnya dihitung dengan pendekatan morfometri dan diuji ddengan menggunakan program SPSS. Penelitan menunjukkan bahwa jumlah parasite dan ukuran maksimal parasit tidak dipengaruhi oleh ukuran tubuh inangnya."

"ABSTRAKMain issues frequently faced by communities living in the city of Jakarta is salt water intrusion. This paper analyzes the extent of the distribution of saltwater contamination to coastal aquifers in Jakarta, the method used is the open source program FREEWAT. modeling is carried out in five scenarios, namely (1) reduction of 50% of groundwater use, (2) reduction of 25% of groundwater use, (3) existing groundwater use in 2012, (4) increase of 25% of groundwater use, and (5) increase of 50% of groundwater use. From the modeling results, the distribution of saltwater contamination on each layer of the aquifer of Jakarta. In unconfined aquifer the existing condition is scenario 3 intrusion as far as 1.604 m, on scenario 1 there is an intrusion decrease of 38%, in scenario 2 there is an intrusion decrease of 13%, in scenario 4 there is an increase in intrusion by 17% and on scenario 5 increase intrusion by 25%. In upper confined aquifer, the existing condition, namely scenario 3, has occurred as much as 1.809 m intrusion, in scenario 1 there is an intrusion decrease of 23%, in scenario 2 there is an intrusion decrease of 8%, in scenario 4 there is an increase in intrusion by 19% and in scenario 5 increase intrusion by 26%. In middle confined aquifer, the existing condition is scenario 3, 1.927 m intrusion occurs, on the scenario 1 there is an intrusion decrease of 23%, in scenario 2 there is an intrusion decrease of 9%, in scenario 4 there is an increase in intrusion by 16% and in the scenario 5 increase intrusion by 22%."