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"This cross sectional study in the Philippines, is a part of CRONOS study. Data on dietary intake, anthropometry, biochemical assessment and socio - economic and self perceived health status were collected from 300 elderly Filipino men and women between 60-75 years old in middle income and low income areas in Metro Manila and rural areas in Rizal province during the period of October to November 1996.Results of dietary intake showed both sexes had very low intakes of energy nutrients. Rural elderly for both sexes had low intakes of energy and nutrients compared with urban middle income and urban low income.Anthropometric finding showed that rural elderly had lower nutritional status as compared to urban elderly. Chronic energy deficiency was higher in male than female elderly. A high prevalence of anemia (38%) among male elderly was also found to exist. A high prevalence of hypertension was also observed in the urban low income elderly (33%).Majority of the elderly rated their self rated health as good and fair. The reported self perceived diseases common among the elderly were arthritis, cough, and hypertension.Previous jobs engaged by the elderly were mostly blue collar jobs and owing to loss of income, most elderly are dependent on their families for support."

"Peningkatan jumlah lansia dan usia harapan hidup di Indonesia menyebabkan meningkatnya penyakit degeneratif pada lansia, salah satunya adalah peningkatan kasus demensia dan gangguan kognitif, obesitas sentral dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi pada lansia dan hubungannya dengan status kognitif. Sebanyak 61 pasien usia lanjut dari data sekunder penelitian yang berjudul status hidrasi dan hubungannya dengan asupan cairan dan aktivitas fisik pada usia lanjut di Rumah Binaan Atmabrata Cilincing Jakarta Utara. Variabel dalam penelitian ini meliputi status kognitif sebagai variabel dependen, status gizi variabel independen. Desain penelitian cross-sectional menggunakan analisis bivariat uji Fisher untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi terhadap status kognitif. Proporsi lansia dengan status gizi kurang 21,3. status gizi baik 31,1. dan status gizi lebih 47,5 sedangkan status kognitif buruk 96,7. kognitif baik sebesar 3,3. Hasil uji analisis bivariat, mendapatkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dengan status kognitif p=0,222; 95 Cl, 0,973-1,186.

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The increasing number of the elderly population and the life expectancy in Indonesia lead to the increasing of degenerative diseases on the elderly, which one of them is the increasing of dementia case and cognitive impairment. Central obesity is considered to be the risk factor of degenerative disease in the elderly. The aim of this study is to determine nutritional status in the elderly and its relationship with cognitive status using cross sectional study. total of 61 elderly patients from secondary data study, entitled the hydration status and its relationship with the fluid intake and physical activities in the Elderly Nursing Home Atmabrata Cilincing, North Jakarta were selected. The variables in this study are cognitive status as dependent variable and nutritional status as independent variable. Bivariate analysis using Fisher. Exact test was done to determined the relationship between nutritional status toward cognitive status. The proportion of the elderly with underweight 21.1. normoweight 31.1. and overweight 47,5 while worse cognitive condition were 96.7 and good cognitive were 3.3. The result of bivariate analysis concluded there was no significant relationship between nutritionl status and cognitive status. 0.222 95 Cl 0.973 1.186. "

"Pertambahan penduduk lansia yang sangat cepat dari tahun ke tahun terlihat pada proporsi penduduk lansia yang semakin meningkat pula. Data WHO tahun 2009 persentase penduduk lansia di Indonesia adalah 9% dari total penduduk, hasil prediksi menunjukkan bahwa persentase penduduk lanjut usia akan mencapai 9,77 persen dari total penduduk pada tahun 2010 dan menjadi 11,34 persen pada tahun 2020 (BPS, 2011). Status gizi lansia berkaitan dengan lingkungan sosial ekonomi, dan faktor fisik. Rancangan penelitian adalah cross sectional (potong lintang) dengan mengolah data primer yang penelitiannya dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2012 di Rumah Perlindungan Sosial Tresna Werdha dan Posbindu Cempaka di Kota Bogor, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran serta hubungan beberapa variabel dengan status gizi, serta melihat faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi status gizi lansia. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang lansia. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan uji chi square (bivariat) dan regresi logistik ganda (multivariat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata IMT lansia di panti adalah 21,01 ± 4,71 dan di posbindu adalah 26,08 ± 5,43. Masalah gizi yang paling banyak pada lansia di panti gizi kurang/kurus sedangkan masalah gizi yang paling banyak pada lansia di posbindu adalah obese. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, variabel yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan status gizi lansia adalah variabel umur, pendapatan dan IADL. Hasil analisis multivariat mendapatkan variabel status perkawinan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan yang mempengaruhi status gizi lansia di panti werdha dan posbindu cempaka.

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Elderly population increases very rapidly from year to year seen in the proportion of elderly population is increasing as well. WHO data in 2009 the percentage of the elderly population in Indonesia is 9% of the total population, the predicted results show that the percentage of the elderly population will reach 9.77 % of the total population in 2010 and to 11.34 % in 2020 (BPS, 2011). Nutritional status of the elderly related to social-economic, and physical factors. The study design was cross-sectional (cross-sectional) by processing the primary data research conducted in December 2012 in the Nurshing Home of Tresna Werdha and Posbindu Cempaka in Bogor, which aims to describe the nutritional status and comparisons based on several variables, as well as looking at the most predominantly affecting elderly nutrition. Total sample is 80 respondents. Processing and analysis data is using by chi squaret (bivariate) and multiple linear regression (multivariate). The results showed that the average BMI of the elderly in nursing was 21.01 ± 4.71 and 26.08 ± 5.43 posbindu is. The main of nutritional problems in elderly at nurshing home is malnutrition/underweight, and main of nutritional problems in the elderly in posbindu are obese. Based on bivariate analysis, variables that have a significant relationship with the nutritional status of the elderly is age, income and IADL. The results of multivariate analysis, marital status is the most dominant factor affecting nutritional status of elderly in nursing home and posbindu."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang citra laki-laki yang terdapat dalam novel Bana

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ABSTRACT<>br>This research discusses the image of men in the novel Banaat Riyadh written by Rajaa al Sanea. The purpose of this research is to find out how the image of men is described in the novel and to prove whether this novel can be used to see the actual view of the image of Arab men in reality. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. This research is triggered by the prohibition of the circulation of the novel by Rajaa al Sanea in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia due to the fact that the content is considered to worsen the image of the local society, one of which is the image of men as the dominant part of the society. In order to approach particular elements regarding the image of men, this research uses intrinsic element theories as a tool to examine the elements of the bases of the novel. In addition to that, this research uses the theories of imaging and gender to understand the image of men. After an analysis based on the theories mentioned, it is found that Rajaa al Sanea portrays Arab men into several manifestations such as the image of irresponsible Arab men, the image of temperamental Arab men, and the image of romantic Arab men. In addition to that, the findings of this study also indicates the image of men that shackles on women rsquo s rights."

"As part of CRONOS , this study, with cross-sectional design, aimed to observe nutritional and health status and some of their determinants, both nutritional and non-nutritional, of free-living elderly and middle-aged people in poor area of Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Data on dietary intake, anthropometry, socio-economic psychological stains and health assessment were collected hom 100 Vietnamese elderly men and women between 60-74 years and 100 middle-aged men and women aged 35-44 years old living during 2 months January and February, 1996 in village 2, district 4, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Findings of this study showed that both age groups had low energy and nutrient intakes assessed by single 24-hour recall. Median energy intakes were 8.2 MJ and 4 MJ for middle-aged and elderly rwpectively, which was suggested to be due to real energy intake deficiency in study population and underrestimation in the recalls. Anthropometric Endings demonstrated that the elderly had lower nutritional status as compared to the middle-aged (40% of elderly versus 26% of middle-aged were classified as chronic energy deficiency). This study also confirmed that the Vietnamese elderly had higher prevalence of abdominal fairness than their younger conterparts, as evidenced by having higher abdomen-to-hip ratio. Socio-economic and psychological data suggested that Vietnamese elderly received both socio-economic and psychological support nom family substantially. Only one third of elderly people self-perveived health as good. Discrepancy between self-reported hypertension and observed hypertension suggested that medical care in the elderly population is not of concern. High prevalence of hypertension (40%) and smoking (78%) indicated that Cardiovascular disease risk factors merits consideration in the geriatric care System in Vietnam."

"Secara umum studi cross sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi dan praktik pemberian makan yang diterima oleh anak usia 0-59 bulan yang tinggal di panti asuhan di Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga panti asuhan yang dikhususkan untuk menampung anak usia balita. Sebanyak 144 anak usia balita di panti dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil studi, sebesar 21.9% anak termasuk dalam kategori gizi kurang, 35.2% pendek, dan 6,5% kurus. Hampir 90% anak yang kebutuhan protein dan vitamin A nya terpenuhi, namun lebih dari 90% anak yang kebutuhan zinc nya tidak terpenuhi. Pada kenyataannya, kandungan gizi pada makanan yang disajikan oleh panti pun tidak memenuhi kebutuhan anak untuk zinc. Penelitian ini menemukan beberapa praktik pemberian makan yang tidak tepat seperti, tipe makanan dan respond pengasuh yang tidak tepat, juga praktik pemberian makan saat anak sakit dan dalam masa pemulihan. 71,5% anak menderita ISPA dan 22,2% menderita diare, sementara 18.8% anak menderita ISPA dan diare. Penelitian ini menemukan beberapa praktik yang tidak tepat seperti dalam hal penanganan makanan, penggunaan botol makanan (bottle feeding), tidak praktik cuci tangan yang tidak dilakukan oleh anak maupun pengasuh ketika menyajikan makanan atau menyuapi anak, serta beberapa hal lain yang dapat memungkinkan terjadinya kontaminasi silang ataupun memudahkan terjadinya penyebaran penyakit menular.

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In general, this cross sectional study aims to explore nutritional status and feeding practice received by orphanage children aged 0-59 months in Jakarta. This study was conducted in three orphanages that are specifically accomodate under five children. Totally, 144 under five children in the orphanages were included in this study. This study found, 21.9% of children were underweight, 35.2% were stunting, and 6.5% were wasting. Almost 90% children had adequate protein and vitamin A, but more than 90% of them had zinc inadequacy. In fact, nutrient content in the food served by orphanage was also not fulfilled child's requirement for zinc.

This study found inappropriate feeding practice received by children, i.e in appropriate food type, inappropriate respond from caregiver during feeding and improper feeding during illness and recovery. 71.5% of children were suffered from ARI, 22.2% suffered from diarrhea and 18.8% children suffered from ARI and diarrhea. This study found some inappropriate practice of food handling such as the use of bottle feeding, hand-washing which was not practiced by children or caregivers when serve food or feeding children, as well as some other things that could allow cross-contamination, or facilitate the spread of infectious diseases."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Penilaian status gizi pada lanjut usia saat ini menggunakan Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA , namun memakan waktu yang cukup lama, dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan, dan tidak praktis bila digunakan di komunitas. Pemeriksaan kekuatan genggam tangan dapat dijadikan instrumen penapisan status gizi pada lanjut usia. Keuntungan dari pemeriksaan kekuatan genggam tangan antara lain sederhana, alatnya mudah dibawa, tidak membutuhkan waktu yang lama, praktis dan mudah digunakan oleh bukan tenaga kesehatan, tetapi belum ada data titik potong dan akurasi diagnosis kekuatan genggam tangan pada lanjut usia di komunitas.Tujuan: Mendapatkan titik potong dan akurasi diagnosis kekuatan genggam tangan sebagai penapis status gizi pada lanjut usia di komunitas.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang pada subjek berusia ge; 60 tahun di Posbindu di kecamatan Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur selama Januari-Februari 2017. Titik potong kekuatan genggam tangan dianalisis menggunakan kurva Receiver Operating Characteristics ROC . Akurasi diagnosis kekuatan genggam tangan dibandingkan dengan Mini Nutritional Assessment, dinilai dengan menghitung sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif NDP , nilai duga negatif NDN , rasio kemungkinan positif RKP , dan rasio kemungkinan negatif RKN .Hasil: Nilai Area Under the Curve AUC pada lanjut usia laki-laki dan perempuan adalah 90,5 IK95 82,0 ndash;99,0 dan 79,6 IK95 71,7 ndash;87,6 . Titik potong kekuatan genggam tangan lanjut usia laki-laki dan perempuan untuk mendeteksi kondisi malnutrisi berturut-turut adalah le; 25 kg dan le; 18 kg dengan sensitivitas 87,5 dan 77,8 , spesifisitas 80,0 dan 65,0 , NDP 66,7 dan 55,6 , NDN 93,3 dan 83,9 , RKP 4,4 dan 2,2, RKN 0,1 dan 0,3.Simpulan: Titik potong kekuatan genggam tangan lanjut usia laki-laki dan perempuan untuk mendeteksi malnutrisi berturut-turut adalah le; 25 kg dan le; 18 kg. Akurasi diagnosis kekuatan genggam tangan lanjut usia laki-laki dan perempuan dalam mendeteksi malnutrisi berturut-turut dinilai baik dan sedang.Kata Kunci: malnutrisi, lanjut usia, kekuatan genggam tangan, MNA ABSTRACT

Backgound Assessment of elderly nutritional status using Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA may take longer time, should be performed by healthcare professional and not simple when using in community. Handgrip strength assessment could be a nutritional screening method for elderly. The benefits of using handgrip strength are simple, reliable, and easy performance method, but there is no sufficient information regarding its cutoffpoint and diagnostic accuracy for community living elderly.Objective To verify the cutoff point and accuracy of handgrip strength for nutritional assessment of community living elderly.Method A crossectional study was conducted at Posbindu in Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur in January February 2017. Subjects were men and women ge 60 years old. Cutoff point of malnutrition was analyzed by the ROC curve. Diagnostic accuracy of handgrip strength was calculated.Results The area under the curve AUC value of hand grip strength in elderly men and women were 90.5 CI 95 82.0 99.0 and 79.6 CI95 71.7 87.6 . Cutoff point of handgrip strength for diagnosis of malnutrition according to the reference standard were le 25 kg for men and le 18 kg for women, with the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, LR , and LR were 87.5 and 77.8 , 80.0 and 65.0 , 66.7 and 55.6 , 93.3 and 83.9 , 4,4 and 2,2, 0,1 and 0,3 for men and women, respectively.Conclusions Cutoff point of handgrip strength for diagnosis of malnutrition were le 25 kg for men and le 18 kg for women. Diagnostic accuracy of handgrip strength for diagnosis malnutrition in elderly men and women were good and moderate."