Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Peningkatan temperatur udara secara global telah mempengaruhi kondisi iklim, yaitu adanya perubahan iklim, yang ditandai tingginya fluktuasi curah hujan yang mempengaruhi musim hujan maupun musim kemarau. Perubahan iklim yang terjadi di wilayah DAS Brantas diidentifikasi melalui unsur temperatur udara dan curah hujan berdasarkan kecenderungan perubahan trend (jangka Panjang) dan step change (jangka pendek), sedangkan perubahan musim berdasarkan kondisi normal awal musim hujan dan kemarau di DAS Brantas dengan periode waktu sepuluh tahunan (dekadal). Pola hujan di DAS Brantas mempunyai empat (IV) tipe, yang dipengaruhi oleh ketinggian, arah hadap lereng dan arah pergerakan angin. Pada curah hujan tahunan tidak terjadi perubahan trend dan step change, perubahan trend dan step change terjadi pada curah hujan bulanan dan dasarian di daerah pola hujan tipe I dan III. Perubahan trend dan step change terjadi pada temperatur udara maksimum dan minimum absolut, tidak terjadi perubahan pada temperatur minimum absolut di wilayah Karangploso. Awal musim hujan paling cepat pada dasarian III Oktober sedangkan awal musim kemarau pada dasarian III April. Perubahan musim terjadi berfluktuasi mengikuti variabilitas dan perubahan curah hujan di wilayah DAS Brantas.

---

The increase in global air temperature has affected climatic conditions, namely climate change, which is characterized by high fluctuations in rainfall that affect the rainy season and dry season. Climate change that occurs in the Brantas watershed area identified through elements of air temperature and rainfall based on the tendency to change the trend (long-term) and step change (short-term), while seasonal changes based on the normal conditions of the beginning of the rainy and dry season in the Brantas watershed with a ten-year time period (decadal). Rainfall patterns in the Brantas watershed has four (IV) types, which are influenced by altitude, the direction of the slope and the direction of wind movement. In annual rainfall there is no change in trend and step change, changes in trend and step change occur in monthly and dasarian rainfall in the rainfall pattern areas of types I and III. Changes in trends and step changes occur in absolute maximum and minimum air temperatures, there is no change in absolute minimum temperatures in the Karangploso area. The beginning of the rainy season is the earliest in dasarian III October while the beginning of the dry season is in dasarian III April. Seasonal changes occur fluctuate following variability and changes in rainfall in the Brantas watershed area."

"This book is designed to provide concepts, methodologies, and approaches for river basin studies with respect to water resources and environment. The book is not limited to the Yamuna River basin, but will help in the study of various other river basins for integrated water resources management. The book covers the essential components of integrated water resources management, including analysis of climatic variables, climate change detection, analysis of natural resources, geology, geomorphology, socio-economics, water budgeting, flood estimation, river pollution, etc. Furthermore, the book addresses recent issues pertaining to water quality, water quality indices, environmental flows, water resources management through cropping pattern change, etc. along with methodologies and application to the Yamuna River system. However, the main objective of this book is to address important issues of water resources management of river basins. "

"ABSTRACTCitarum Harum is a program to restore the Citarum River. The problem of waste and sewage and the existence of the strategic Citarum River by splitting West Java Province are very supportive of economic growth, especially labour-intensive industries that can absorb a lot of labour into serious problems. Citarum, which is known as one of the dirtiest rivers in the world, urges the government to immediately issue regulations to start the restoration of the Citarum River Basin (DAS Citarum). Citarum watershed pollution and damage mitigation measures in an integrated strategic pace for control and law enforcement that integrate authority between government agencies and stakeholders related to Citarum watershed recovery based on Presidential Regulation No. 15 of 2018 concerning Acceleration of Pollution and Damage Control in the Citarum River Basin. Various steps and methods were taken to restore the Citarum watershed, as well as communication and coordination of the central government with various related parties such as the Environmental Service Office (DLH) of the West Java Provincial Government and Kodam III Siliwangi to be enhanced to immediately realize Harum Citarum."

"Nowadays, severe flooding frequently occurs in various parts of Thailand resulted from changesin climatic condition and land use patterns. The flooding has caused great damages to propertiesand lives and affects country economy. Experience from the most severe flooding in the northernand central regions of Thailand in the year 2011 reveals that reliable flood warning system is stilllagging. For flood warning purpose, it is necessary to have an accurate flood routing system. Thisstudy is aimed at developing mathematical models for flood routing so as to provide data for floodwarning. Two different models are developed, i.e., kinematic overland flow model and kinematicstream flow model. The finite element method with Galerkin’s weighted residual technique is usedin model development. The second order Runge-Kutta method is applied to solve the set ofdifferential equations obtained from finite element formulation. The developed models are appliedto simulate flows in the Wang river basin in the northern region of Thailand during July 1 -October 31, 2011 when severe flooding occurred in this region. Model calibration is made byadjusting some parameters in the models and comparing the obtained results with measured datarecorded by RID at 5 stream flow gauge stations along the Wang river. For correlation analysis.three statistical indices are determined, these include coefficient of determination, R2, Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient, NSE, and coefficient of variation of the root mean squareerror, CV(RMSE). It is found that the model results at the upstream portion of the riversatisfactorily agree with the observed data, with the values of R2 greater than 0.55 and CV(RMSE)less than 0.57. For the downstream portion of the river, there are remarkable differences betweenthe model results and the observed data. The values of R2 are less than 0.35, CV(RMSE) greaterthan 0.76, and the NSE values are less than 0.16. This might be due to some errors in the inputdata, including rainfall pattern, topography, land use, river cross-sectional area, and water seepagealong the river. More detailed field investigation and model calibration are still needed."

"Investigations underlying this study were carried out within the framework of the Nuffic Serayu Valley Project. To survey the disturbances of the natural balance due to environmental changes, many soil profiles have been studied; some inconsiderably detail. One of these will be discussed thoroughly. The results enabled a reconstruction of the Quaternary landscape development of the Serayu Valley to be made. The Quaternary history of Serayu River basin is characterized by a succession of stable and unstable phases in landscape development, each leaving its specific effects in soil Alternation of the landscape forming processes as well as changes in climate and vegetation types can be deduced from the soil profile investigated. During the last two centuries erosive processes prevailed as deforestation increased enormously, induced by the growing demand for arable land. Consequently, the erosion rate has multiplied and soils developed under previous environments have been largely eroded. This accelerated soil erosion has already resulted in a decrease of the available agricultural land and the rural population is forced to bring marginal areas into use."

"Land use mapping can be defined as a mapping activity of land cover with cropping management and erosion control practice factors. The activity can be carried out by an application of remote sensing techniques, either air photos or Landsat images to gain land cover information. Cropping management and erosion control practice factors are derived from tables produced with cooperative activity in the field. Information on land cover resulting from remote sensing interpretation still needs to be checked in the field."