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"Job's tear (coix lacryma-jobi) is a plant that can be developed as an alternative food and sources of carbohydrates. The purpose of this study is to explore the diversity of phenotypic appearance as well as information ..."

"ABSTRACTJakarta is the Capital States which have much kind of societies. By seeing from the smallest unit of its society, therefore Jakarta is consisting of immeasurably community. One of them is waria community, which represents small scale of social whereby members could fulfill all their life or some through interdependence relation among them. All members or at least member of them, have tradition or attentions becoming their equality fastener element. They have norm, certainty, and regulation obeyed as a tying and also made guidance to ful fill requirement of its everyday.Waria community has certain marked which differentiating with other communities in Jakarta. Waria represents men which have woman identities, where those identities emerge in interaction as confessed its existence by other people. They have different way in expressing each other identities. The difference of this expression made classifications form related to equality of marking among them. With in performance those classifications would emerge pursuant to each maturity of waria in running the role and express requirement of its soul.As would we saw, the main problem of waria performance was causing of difficulty in determination of gender identity. In this matter they would have 2 conflicts i.e. psychological conflict and social conflict. Psychological conflict was related to adversative desire with the situation of its physical; while social conflict was related to eliminate them from life of ssociation and family and social opportunity to fulfill requirement of its life (in the field of employment).Refer to Goffman (1986:14-5), among 2 existing stigma type i.e. one who is earn to be discreditable and the other one is who discredited. Waria is the one who "discredited stigma". The elimination of waria in social environment and economucs is because of their existence would debased and had made them worked as commercial sex worker for continuing their life. Therefore performance of waria represented product culture of waria as environment response which get stigma to have living and spiritual easiness,which did not outfont the activity context of waria environment and community though"market" in prostitution world.Their performance would see as waria form by classifications based on woman attributeto manipulation man 's body through impression management to identity in everyinteraction. The attribute is to identify him/her self for showing their culture it self.According to context and interaction target, their appearance would selectively conductby them self due to interaction with another community.Comparison within dwelling area, performance in prostitution area would have moreimportant for waria sex worker: Prostitution area is as strength corefor their factual lifein represent interaction place to get money for utilize main requirement of 1%.Interaction at prostitution area became important between waria and service user. Theywould identity each other related to community and their culture. ln this congeniality,waria performance at prostitution area present through separate regulation base oncordidence and knowledge will use as a guidance for life within the classification systemi.e. their own self relevant to environmental with classification of him/her self as awaria, waria service user, visitors and also prestige of waria from prostitution area.Hereby, this original research would not been influence by other researcher who hadpicked the same subject. Dramaturgi concepts from Erving Goffman (1959, 1986) wasinfluenced me in believing that dramaturgi theory as equality among the theater showswith the various role of type where our conduct and everyday interaction. Regarding thisresearch, dramaturgi analysis would pay attention to problem of waria life in Jakartaeveryday as it in an interaction. This theory would be acquainted with 2 importantjunctions in interaction (Goffman 1959: l7-30; Goffman 1959 in Poloma 2002 and Ritzer& Goodman 2004), that is front region and back stage.Parsundi Suparlan (2004a) is also influence me in seeing waria stigma as coherence orequality stigma which sticky attached at some individuals. This would form the identitygroup with their own identity and aim to strengthen or seeking exploration their identitythrough to performance. Transaction, arrangement of categories, space dominationcooperation, emulation, and conflict among themselves are need to have to accommodatethe target market.Approaching dissertation research of this is qualitative (Miles & Huberman I984;Suparlan 1994) where as collecting data, observation and circumstantial interviewedexecuting by participate. ln support of verify and current ethnography detail picture wewere collecting waria datas in Jakarta and taking pictures by handy cam or camera forspecial activity at prostitution area, dwelling area, certain place where doing otheractivities such as field events, mall, Public Square, dangdut shows etc. "

"ABSTRAKSoil-transmitted heminths (STH) dapat menjangkiti anggota keluarga di daerahendemis. Di Indonesia, prevalensi, intensitas infeksi dan faktor risiko STH padaanggota keluarga belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahuiprevalensi, intensitas infeksi dan faktor risiko STH pada anak SD dan anggotakeluarga di Jakarta dan Cipanas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakartadan SDN Tarigu Cipanas Jawa Barat selama Januari-Juni 2012 dengan menggunakanrancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Total sebanyak 841 sampel tinja (241 sampeldari Jakarta dan 600 Cipanas) diperiksa dengan metode Kato-Katz. Ascarislumbricoides dan Trichiuris trichiura paling umum ditemukan dan dianalisis secaraterpisah. Di Jakarta, prevalensi A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura pada anak SD, orangtua murid dan anggota keluarga lain berturut-turut 37,5%, 36,5%, 30,4%, 10,1%,30,5% dan 6,8%, sedangkan di Cipanas, 2,0%, 16,7%, 2,0%, 8,7%, 0,0% dan 4,7%.Selain itu, di Jakarta, secara total, intensitas infeksi A. lumbricoides ringan24,1%(58/241), sedang 9,1% (22/241) dan berat 0,4% (1/241), di Cipanas,intensitas infeksi A. lumbricoides ringan 1,1% (7/600). Di Jakarta, secara total,intensitas infeksi T. trichiura ringan 20,3% (49/241) dan sedang 0,8% (2/241),sedangkan di Cipanas intensitas infeksi T. trichiura ringan 8,2% (49/600). Analisisstatistik memperlihatkan di SD Kalibaru 07 Jakarta , prevalensi dan intensitas infeksiA. lumbricoides pada anak laki-laki berbeda bermakna dengan perempuan (p<0,05)dan terdapat korelasi positif dan bermakna antara orang tua dan anak yang terinfeksiA. lumbricoides. Di Kalibaru Jakarta merupakan tempat berisiko untuk infeksi A.lumbricoides (OR 23,7 95%CI 6,42-87,6), sedangkan di Cipanas tempat yangberisiko terinfeksi T. trichiura (OR 3,9, 95%CI 1,11-13,49). Jumlah anggotakeluarga terinfeksi STH (A. lumbricoides atau/dan T. trichiura) 1-5 orang di Jakartadan 1-4 orang di Cipanas. Analisis regresi logistik memperlihatkan bahwapendidikan ibu dan ketersediaan toilet merupakan faktor risiko infeksi A.lumbricoides di Jakarta. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pemberiananthelmintik dan perbaikan sanitasi sangat diperlukan untuk menurunkan infeksiSTH di Jakarta dan Cipanas.

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ABSTRACTSoil-transmitted heminths (STH) may affect among family members in an endemicarea. In Indonesia, prevalence, intensity of infection and risk factors of STHamong household are known, so far. The aim of this study is to know intensity ofinfection and risk factors of STH among school children and family members inJakarta and Cipanas. This study was conducted SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakarta and SDNTarigu Cipanas West Java, in January until June 2012, using cross-sectional design.Overall, 841 stool samples (241 stool samples from Jakarta and 600 from Cipanas)were examined by Kato-Katz method. Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiurawere common found and spatial analyzed in this study. In parent, and other familymembers were 37,5%, 36,5%, 30,4%, 10,1%, 30,5% and 6,8% respectively, while inCipanas, 2,0%, 16,7%, 2,0%, 8,7%, 0,0% and 4,7% respectively. In addition, inJakarta, overall, intensities of A. lumbricoides infection were 24,1% (58/241) light,9,1% (22/241) moderate, and 0,4% (1/241) heavy , while in Cipanas, they were1,1% (7/600) light infections . In Jakarta, overall, intensities of T. trichiura infectionwere 20,3% (49/241) light and 0,8% (2/241) moderat, while in Cipanas, it was8,2% (49/600) light infection only. The statitistical analyses showed that both theprevalence dan intensity of A. lumbricoides infection were significant differentamong male and female school children of SDN Kalibaru 07 Jakarta (p<0,05) andsignificant positive correlation (p<0,05) between both parent and school childreninfected by A. lumbricoides. In Kalibaru Jakarta was a risk area to have A.lumbricoides infections (OR 23,7 95%CI 6,42-87,6), while in Cipanas was T.trichiura risk area (OR 3,9, 95%CI 1,11-13,49). The number of family membersinfected by STH (A. lumbricoides or/and T. trichiura) was 1-5 persons in Jakartaand 1-4 persons in Cipanas. Logistic regression analyses showed taht mothers’education and toilet were risk factors of A. lumbricoides infection in Jakarta. Thisstudy showed that anthelminthics and improvement of sanitation are considerablerequired to reduce STH infections in Jakarta and Cipanas."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang tingkat kerentanan letusan Gunung Gede pada daerah sekitar Gunung Gede dan juga tingkat risiko bencana letusan Gunung Gede di Kecamatan Cipanas dengan menghitung pengaruh faktor bahaya, kerentanan dan kapasitas. Untuk menghasilkan kelompok desa rentan yang memiliki kemiripan data digunakan metode K-Means Cluster. Terdapat 44 desa/kelurahan di Kabupaten Cianjur dan Kabupaten Sukabumi yang berada di wilayah bahaya letusan Gunung Gede. Desa yang memiliki tingkat kerentanan tinggi memiliki karateristik lokasi berbatasan langsung dengan lokasi puncak Gunung Gede sehingga faktor bahaya menjadi faktor utama tingginya tingkat kerentanan disuatu desa, karateristik ini dimiliki oleh desa-desa di Kabupaten CIanjur. Kerentanan tinggi juga ditemukan pada daerah - daerah yang tidak berbatasan langsung dengan lokasi Gunung Gede namun memiliki tingkat kerentanan tinggi dikarenakan faktor kerentanan sosial,ekonomi dan fisik yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan desa lain, karateristik ini dimiliki oleh desa-desa di Kabupaten Sukabumi yang berbatasan langsung dengan Kota Sukabumi. Nilai perkiraan kerugian akibat letusan Gunung Gede di Kecamatan Cipanas diperkirakan sebesar Rp 251,29 MilIar. Risiko letusan gunung gede dengan kelas risiko tinggi memiliki karateristik kerugian yang tinggi akibat bahaya letusan dan memiliki tingkat kerentanan tinggi. Desa dengan risiko rendah memiliki karateristik sebagian besar variabelnya memiliki nilai dibawah rata-rata dan juga memiliki kapasitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan desa lain.

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This study discusses the vulnerability of the eruption of Mount Gede in the area around Mount Gede and also the level of risk of the eruption of Mount Gede in District Cipanas with calculate the influence of factors hazards, vulnerabilities and capacities. The generate of susceptible vilages that have similar data using KMeans Cluster. There are 44 villages in Cianjur and Sukabumi district who are in the danger zone eruption of Mount Gede. Villages that have a high of vulnerability has a characteristic location immediately adjacent to the location of the summit of Mount Gede, so the main danger factor to the high level of vulnerability factors sector in the village, this characteristic is owned by the village - the village in Cianjur. And also high vulnerability was found in the area - areas not directly adjacent to the location of Mount Gede, but has a high degree of vulnerability due to the vulnerability factors of social, economic and physical higher than other villages, this characteristic is owned by the village - the village in Sukabumi district directly adjacent to the Sukabumi City. Estimated value losses due to the eruption of Mount Gede in Cipanas district is estimated at Rp 251.29 billion. The risk of big volcanic eruptions with a high risk class has a characteristic high losses due to the danger of the eruption and has a high of vulnerability. Villages with a low risk of having most of the characteristics variables have a value below the average and also has a higher capacity than the other villages."

"Sisi lain industrialisasi adalah meningkatnya ekonomisasi masyarakat dan tidak terhindarnya proses komoditisasi (apapun jadi komoditi); yang contohnya tampak pada dunia budaya, dengan banyaknya paket bisnis 'wisata budaya''. Secara sosiologis pun terjadi transformasi makna serupa; dari benda yang tadinya sekedar bermakna "kultural," jadi lain setelah diberi pemaknaan ekonomis. Semula dimaknai "mistik" estetis, menjadi nyata karena bernilai atau 'ada harganya.' Bunga juga mengalami proses transformasi serupa. Dalam studi ini, pertautan dan transformasi komoditi bunga didekati dengan cara memahami dinamika kelompok para pelaku atau yang paling berkepentingan di bisnis bunga potong : konsumen, petani, dan pedagang.Studi ini sebenarnya berasal dari penelitian terhadap berbagai dinamika dan pertautan kepentingan antar kelompok pedagang bunga potong; yang berkembang seiring dengan berkembangnya pariwisata dan -pada gilirannya- membawa bunga masuk ke dalam wilayah ekonomi yang makin sarat kepentingan dan persaingan. Karenanya, konflik maupun akomodasi di tingkat pedagang, bukan hanya tak terhindarkan; bahkan melekat di dalam dinamika kepentingan para pelaku terkait tersebut.Studi dilakukan secara berseri (tidak teratur) 3 kali antara 1993 - 1998, di daerah Cipanas, Jawa Barat. Data yang didapat dan diolah, berasal dari wawancara mendalam para pedagang, petani, floris, hotel, perusahaan swasta, dan tokoh masyarakat sekitar daerah produksi. Mulanya, ada empat profit pedagang bunga; semua berasal dari daerah Cipanas. Model dan intensitas interaksi keempat kelompok pedagang tadi mengalami masyarakat sekitar daerah produksi. Mulanya, ada empat profit pedagang bunga; semua berasal dari daerah Cipanas. Model dan intensitas interaksi keempat kelompok pedagang tadi mengalami perubahan yang berarti setelah intervensi YBN ke desa. Yakni, interaksi berbagai pelaku usaha bunga potong, melahirkan tiga kelompok utama pedagang (Kelompok Tua, Bebas-Jual, dan YBN). Masalah yang dirasa pedagang serta -dan terutama- petani makin sama, bahwa ketidaksukaan mereka, lebih karena perilaku YBN (dilihat sebagai kepanjangan kekuasaan) yang tak menganggap masyarakat setempat sebagai unsur penting dalam membuat rencana program, padahal semua langkah YBN berpengaruh langsung ke masyarakat setempat. Dalam kasus ini, masuknya YBN merupakan kasus signifikan tentang sulitnya organisasi modem beradaptasi pada sistem sosial desa yang spesifik.Tiga kelompok utama pedagang tadi punya posisi unik mengingat 'modal' dan kekuatan mereka masing-masing dalam berhubungan dengan pihak lain. Dari dinamika interaksi para pelaku usaha bunga, penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan, bahwa masing-masing kelompok -terutama dalam upaya membangun dan mempertahankan interest dan kekuatan dominasi yang mereka miliki- punya mekanisme khas saat berinteraksi. Dalam upaya memperkokoh dasar interest masing-masing, tiga kelompok pedagang tadi secara variatif, menekankan pentingnya menguasai kaum tani. Malah penguasaan dan dominasi terhadap petani mereka lakukan sistematis, karena kesadaran demi kelangsungan supply maupun kontinuitas produksi.Kelompok pedagang Tua misalnya, lebih melakukan penguasaan pada upaya menyerang kognitif petani, dengan mereproduksi model hubungan tradisional-feodalistik; dimana petani menjadi tetap melihat dirinya sebagai sub ordinasi mereka. Pedagang baru menguasai petani justru secara langsung dan mendasar, dengan mendominasi tanah dan waktu kerja petani. YBN juga melakukan hal serupa dengan kekuatan uang, dengan cara memberi kredit bagi aneka kepentingan produksi masyarakat.Dalam hubungan dinamika dan konflik yang terjadi antar pedagang, konsumen jelas menjadi pihak paling diuntungkan; karena supremasi mereka tak pernah disoal atau digugat. Di lain pihak, petani adalah yang paling dirugikan; karena selalu jadi kelompok yang didominasi dan dikuasai demi kelangsungan berbagai kepentingan pedagang."

"Curah hujan bervariasi menurut ruang dan waktu, curah hujan juga dapat bervariasi dengan nilai rata-ratanya yang disebut variabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabilitas curah hujan dan debit sungai serta keterkaitan diantara keduanya di DAK Brantas selama tahun 1998 - 2006. Formula koefisien variasi dalam statistik digunakan untuk menghitung variabilitas terhadap data curah hujan. Hasil penelitian di DAK Brantas menunjukkan variabilitas curah hujan bulanan semakin rendah pada tempat yang semakin tinggi dengan curah hujan rata-rata bulanan semakin tinggi. Sementara itu, variabilitas debit bulanan semakin tinggi pada tempat yang semakin rendah dengan debit rata-rata bulanan semakin tinggi.

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Rainfall varies over space and time, precipitation can also vary with the average value is called variability. This study aims to determine the variability of rainfall and streamflow as well as the linkages between them in the Brantas watershed during the years 1998 - 2006. Coefficient of variation in the statistical formula used to calculate the variability of rainfall data. The results in the Brantas watershed showing the variability of monthly rainfall is lower in the higher place with monthly rainfall average higher. Meanwhile, the higher the monthly discharge variability in a place that the lower the monthly average discharge greater."

"Tulisan ini membahas tentang tren dan erosivitas hujan di DAS Batanghari. Fenomena erosivitas merupakan isu penting dalam pengelolaan DAS, dan sangat penting untuk menentukan tren erosivitas hujan dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan. Meningkatnya frekuensi dan intensitas kejadian hujan, akibat perubahan iklim, telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran akan dampaknya terhadap erosi tanah di DAS Batanghari. Data Curah hujan dari data CHIRPS bersamaan dengan data dari stasiun hujan di seluruh DAS Batangahri periode 1981-2021 dipakai untuk menghitung nilai erosivitas hujan di DAS Batangahari. Metode BOIS merupakan metode persamaan yang digunakan untuk menghitung indeks erosivitas hujan. Erosivitas hujan adalah kemampuan hujan untuk mengeroskan suatu daerah, semakin besar hujan didaerah tersebut maka indeks erosivitas hujan nya akan semakin besar juga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya tren signifikan dalam erosivitas hujan dari tahun 1981 hingga 2021. Namun, mayoritas stasiun hujan di daerah tersebut mengalami penurunan erosivitas hujan.

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This paper discusses trends and rainfall erosivity in the Batanghari watershed in Indonesia is an important issue in watershed management, and it is critical to determine trends in rainfall erosivity and its impact on the environment. The increasing frequency and intensity of rainfall events, due to climate change, has raised concerns about its impact on soil erosion in the Batanghari watershed. Rainfall data from CHIRPS data together with data from rainfall stations across the Batangahri watershed for the period 1981-2021 were used to calculate rainfall erosivity values in the Batangahari watershed. Rainfall erosivity is the ability of rain to erode an area, the greater the rainfall in the area, the greater the rainfall erosivity index. The results showed no significant trend in rainfall erosivity from 1981 to 2021. However, the majority of rainfall stations in the area experienced a decrease in rainfall erosivity."

"ABSTRAKUpaya peningkatan partisipasi pria dalam KB merupakan paradigma baru visiprogram KB. Jumlah peserta Pria di wilayah kecamatan Cipanas 3,4% akseptorKondom, dan 1,4% akseptor vasektomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuigambaran dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan partisipasi pria sebagaiakseptor KB (kondom dan vasektomi) tahun 2011. Penelitian dengan desain crosssectional dilakukan pada 120 orang pria pasangan usia subur di wilayah kecamatanCipanas kabupaten Lebak. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengankuiseoner.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermaknaantara umur, pekerjaan, jumlah anak hidup, dukungan isteri dengan penggunaankontrasepsi dan pengetahuan tentang kontrasepsi dengan partisipasi pria sebagaiakseptor KB. Disarankan untuk pengelola program KB kecamatan Cipanas untukmemberikan penyuluhan yang lebih intensif, meningkatkan sosialisasi tentangkesetaraan dan meningkatkan kerjasama lintas sektor dan lintas program dalampeningktan penggunaan kontrasepsi pria.

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ABSTRACTAn effort to increase male participation in family planning programs is a newparadigm in the vision of family planning programs. The number of male participantsin Cipanas sub district was 3.4% for acceptors of condoms and 1.4% for vasectomyacceptors. This study aims to find a picture and factors - factors related to theparticipation of men as family planning acceptors for the technique of using condomsand vasectomy in 2011. Research in engineering design with cross sectional andcarried on at 120 men included in the class of couples of childbearing age in districtsCipanas in Lebak regency. Data were collected through interviewing techniques withquiz methods. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationshipbetween age, occupation, number of children living, support his wife against the useof contraceptives and knowledge about contraception which is supported by theparticipation of men as family planning acceptors. It is recommended for managers offamily planning programs in district Cipanas to be able to provide more intensivecounseling, increasing socialization of equality and improving cooperation acrosssectors and programs in order to increase the use of male contraception."