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"Proporsi jumlah penduduk usia tua di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa usia harapan hidup masyarakat juga meningkat. Salah satu upaya untuk menilai status gizi dari lansia dapat dilihat dari Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) yaitu berat badan dan tinggi badan. Namun, pengukuran tinggi badan tegak pada lansia tidak dapat dilakukan karena skoliosis, kifosis, cacat, dan patah tulang. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memperoleh model prediksi tinggi badan pada pra lansia (45-59 tahun) dan lansia (60-90 tahun) berdasarkan panjang depa, tinggi lutut, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Studi ini dilakukan pada 202 (90 orang laki-laki dan 112 orang perempuan) pra lansia dan lansia, di Kecamatan Bojongsari, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Studi menggunakan desain cross sectional. Kriteria inklusi responden adalah laki-laki maupun perempuan dengan usia 45-90 tahun, memiliki kondisi tubuh yang sehat atau masih mampu berdiri tegak, serta dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik. Kriteria eksklusi responden adalah lansia yang memiliki salah satu tangan tidak dapat direntangkan karena patah tulang atau sebab tertentu, mengalami patah tulang/kaki palsu, dan gangguan komunikasi. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa korelasi panjang depa dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,86 perempuan r = 0,71. Korelasi tinggi lutut dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,79 perempuan r = 0,72. Model prediksi tinggi badan dapat dilakukan dengan prediktor panjang depa, tinggi lutut, dan usia. Model prediksi ini dapat diaplikasikan pada pasien yang diamputasi atau gangguan patah tulang.

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Proportion of elderly in Indonesia increases. This situation describe that the life expectation have also increased. A tools to assess the nutritional status of the elderly can be seen from the Body Mass Index (BMI) from weight and height. However, measurement of height in elderly can nott be obtained because scholiosis, khifosis, deformity, of fracture. The purpose of this study was to obtain the height prediction model in middle-age (45-59 years) and elderly (60-90 years) based on arm span, knee height, age, and gender. The study was conducted on 202 (90 men and 112 women) middle-age and elderly, in Bojongsari District, Depok, West Java.

This study use cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria for the respondents were men and women aged 45-90 years, having a healthy body condition or still able to stand upright, and can communicate well. Exclusion criteria were elderly respondents who had one hand can not be stretched because of fracture or a particular cause, suffered a rosthetic limbs, and discommunication.

Results of this study indicate that the correlation arm span to height for men women r = 0.86 r = 0.71. Knee hight correlation with height in men women r = 0.79 r = 0.72. The new height prediction models can formed using arm span, knee height, and age. The predictive models can be applied to patients who amputated or fracture."

"The impact of Urbanization to food habits and socio-demographic characteristics was examined by comparing a total of 150 elderly subjects from rural, low income urban and middle income urban community (50 in each area) in Bandung district, West Java. All subjects had the same ethnicity (Sundanese). Urban subjects should migrated to the city for at least 30 years.

Data collection was done from January to March 1996. The data was collected through personal interview, anthropometric assessment and in-depth interview to selected individuals. These data collection was aimed to obtain information on food habits, health status, psychological well-being and nutritional status. Changes in food habits was gathered by using list of food which included current and past consumption frequency. Health status data was collected through subjective health reported by the subjects. Nutritional status was assessed by using several anthropometric measurement namely weight, height, armspan and calf circumference.

Changes in consumption frequency of several food items were found between current and past situation and also among areas. Several indicators of psychological well-being were also found significantly different among the three areas. No difference of nutritional status indices among areas were found."

"In 2011, massive flooding and inundation in the Chao Phraya River basin, in Thailand, causedserious damage to various activities for a prolonged period of time. Although snapshot images ofthe inundated area are available, detailed information including temporal changes of the inundatedareas and the relationship with meteorological and hydrological conditions are not welldocumented, particularly for the middle and upper sections of the basin. Therefore, we conductedan analysis using two types of satellite data, HJ-1A and Envisat, to better understand behavior ofthe large-scale inundation occurred in 2011, focusing on the middle section of the Chao PhrayaRiver basin. In the analysis, water surface in selected domains was extracted using the NDWI valuecalculated from HJ-1A data. The threshold value of the Envisat ASAR image was then adjusted sothat the inundated area estimated from Envisat gives the closest possible match with that estimatedfrom HJ-1A. Finally, the inundated area was estimated for the whole study domain based on thesame threshold value from the Envisat data. Results indicated that the inundated area began toextend along the Yom and Nan rivers in early August and continued to spread down to the NakhonSawan city area until October. A significant increase in inundated areas occurred between Sep. 2and Sep. l3, during which higher rainfall intensity was observed. Even after the water level inrivers receded below the bank-full elevation, large areas were left inundated along rivers,particularly over lowlying marsh and paddy fields. In addition, several areas located far fromrivers were also inundated, which was likely a consequence of water ponding in paddy fields."

"Especially in industrial countries the portion of elderly people is growing in many societies. Their needs are more intensified than the demands of younger people in many aspects. Companies need the right tools (e.g. market research methods for elderly people) to detect these needs, preferences, and demands of elderly people. Samah Abu-Assab verifies two existing research methods and suggests a new one for determining the preferences of elderly people. The new method seems to be promising and adequate for the elderly target group."

"Latar Belakang: Pembuktian identitas jenazah harus secara ilmiah guna memenuhi tanggung jawab profesi dan keadilan hak asasi manusia karena diatur oleh UU Indonesia. Ada potensi tinggi dari tulang sternum untuk menjadi acuan baru identifikasi forensik. Tujuan: Mengetahui peranan tulang dada dari gambaran CT-scan populasi dewasa untuk proses identifikasi forensik di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan terhadap 95 laki-laki dan 110 perempuan populasi Indonesia yang berusia antara 20-70 tahun dan menjalani pemeriksaan CT scan dada di Departemen Radiologi RSCM secara konsekutif. Data klinis mencakup usia, jenis kelamin, tinggi badan, dan suku sedangkan data radiologis mencakup skor osifikasi sternum dan iga, morfometrik sternum, dan variasi anatomis xiphoid. Analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 20.0 dengan uji t tidak berpasangan, korelasi Pearson, dan regresi linear maupun logistik serta kurva AUROC untuk memprediksi luaran penelitian. Semua nilai p < 0,05 dianggap bermakna. Hasil: Skor total osifikasi tulang dada berkorelasi kuat dengan usia (rs = 0,541) dengan persamaan prediksi usia secara umum = 20,417 + 4,927*LOS (osifikasi iga ujung sternal kiri) + 2,667*LOF (osifikasi iga pertama kiri) + 2,098*FX (fusi xiphisternal) (aR2 = 41,9%, SEE 9,95 tahun). Seluruh parameter morfometrik sternum berhubungan dengan jenis kelamin (p<0,05). Gabungan parameter panjang korpus, lebar sternebra 1, dan indeks sternum memiliki nilai prediksi jenis kelamin sebesar 87,3%. Terdapat korelasi panjang tulang dada dengan tinggi badan (r = 0,712) dengan persamaan tinggi badan = 97,422 + 0,466*CL (panjang sternum) (aR2 = 50,5%, SEE 5,84 cm). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara morfometrik sternum dengan daerah asal suku. Variasi anatomis sternum yang paling langka adalah ujung xiphoid trifid, terdapat suprasternal bones dan iga bifid. Kesimpulan: Sternum dapat dijadikan acuan untuk identifikasi forensik untuk penentuan usia, jenis kelamin, dan tinggi badan.

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Background: The process of personal identification must be conducted scientifically in order to fulfill the professional responsibility and human rights justice as regulated by the Indonesian Law. There is a high potential for the sternal bone to become a new reference in forensic identification.

Aim: To know the role of sternal bone from CT-scan images of adult population for the forensic identification process in Indonesia.

Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 95 males and 110 females of Indonesian population aged between 20-70 years who undergo a chest CT-scan in the Radiology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta consecutively. Clinical data include age, sex, stature, and tribes while radiological data include sternal and rib ossification scores, sternal mrophometrics, and xiphoid anatomical variations. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20.0 with unpaired t-test, Pearson or Spearman correlation test, linear or logistic regression and AUROC to estimate age and height and also determine sex. All p values < 0.05 were considerd statistically significant.

Result: Total ossification score was positively correlated with age (rs = 0.541) with the regression formula for age estimation is 20.417 + 4.927*LOS (ribs ossification at left sternal end) + 2.667*LOF (left first rib ossification) + 2.098*FX (fusion of xiphisternal) which yielded aR2 of 41.9% and SEE 9.95 years. All sternal morphometrics parameters were related to sex determination (p < 0.05). The combination of parameters sternal body length, sternebrae 1 width, and sternal index has a correct gender prediction rate of 87.3%. There is a positive correlation between sternal length and height (r = 0.712) with the regression formula for stature estimation is 97.422 + 0.466*CL (combined sternal length) which yielded aR2 of 50.5% and SEE 5.84 cm. There is no relationship between sternal morphometrics and the origin of tribes. The rarest sternal anatomical variations are trifid xiphoid ends, suprasternal bones, dan bifid ribs.

Conclusion: The sternal bone can be used as a reference for forensic identification in estimating the age and height and also determining sex."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia mengalami penuaan penduduk yang sangat cepat. Diperkirakan populasipenduduk lansia di Indonesia akan mencapai 28,8 juta (11,3%) pada tahun 2020dan mencapai 100 juta (28,68%) pada tahun 2050. Perhatian mengenai bagaimanapenuaan sukses dan determinanya menjadi sebuah isu penting yang harusdieksplorasi sebagai dukungan informasi bagi penentu kebijakan dalammerancang kebijakan dan intervensi efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas hiduplansia di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi aspekmultidimensional penuaan sukses dan memperoleh model prediksi penuaan suksespada lansia di Indonesia.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kohort retrospektif menggunakan dataIFLS (Indonesian Family Life Survey) dengan mengikuti individu selama tujuhtahun yaitu pada titik waktu pengukuran survei IFLS 2000 dan IFLS 2007. Jumlahsampel penelitian ini adalah 2.344 lansia (≥ 53 tahun). Model pengukuran penuaansukses diuji dan dianalisis menggunakan comfirmatory factor analysis (CFA).Analisis regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk memperoleh model prediksipenuaan sukses.Penelitian ini menghasilkan konsep model penuaan sukses multidimensional yangmemiliki kriteria kecocokan model yang baik serta validitas dan reliabilitas yangcukup baik dengan kontribusi masing-masing yaitu keberfungsian mental (78%),keterlibatan aktif (64%), keberfungsian fisik (62%), spiritualitas (2,7%) dan bebasdari penyakit (0,1%). Hasil model prediksi penuaan sukses terdiri dari tujuhvariabel meliputi faktor individu (usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, aktivitas fisikdan waist circumference) dan faktor lingkungan (tingkat pengeluaran nabati danpartisipasi program dana sehat). Kelompok usia 60-69 tahun memiliki peluangsukses 2,211 (95% CI=1,077-4,539), kelompok usia 53-59 tahun sebesar 3,568(95%CI=1,765-7,216). Lansia laki-laki memiliki peluang 1,595 (95%CI=1,133-2,247), lansia dengan pendidikan rendah memiliki peluang 2,805 (95%CI=1,776-4,429), pendidikan menengah/tinggi 4,128 (95%CI=2,272-7,500). Lansia denganaktivitas fisik sedang memiliki peluang sukses 4,258 (95%CI=2,352-7,709),aktivitas ringan 3,964 (95%CI=2,228-7,052) dan aktivitas berat 3,675(95%CI=2,054-6,576). Lansia dengan Waist Circumference tidak berisikomemiliki peluang sukses 1,688 (95%CI=1,092-2,610). Lansia dengan tingkatpengeluaran nabati tinggi memiliki peluang sukses 1,384 (95%CI=1,010-1,898),lansia yang berpastisipasi dalam program dana sehat berpeluang sukses 1,779(95%CI=1,181-2,680). Implikasi hasil penelitian terhadap kebijakan berupa tigapilar utama yang menentukan penuaan sukses yaitu partisipasi, kesehatan danjaminan sosial. Selain ketiga pilar tersebut, gender juga merupakan determinanapenting penuaan sukses. Oleh karena itu kesetaraan gender perlu dipertimbangkandalam setiap pilar kebijakan

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ABSTRACTIndonesia experienced rapid population aging. It is estimated that the elderlypopulation in Indonesia will reach 28.8 million (11.3%) in 2020 and 100 million(28.68%) in 2050. Caution regarding how successful aging and its determinantbecome an important issue that should be explored as support information forpolicy makers in designing effective policies and interventions to improve thequality of life of the elderly in Indonesia. The objective of this study was toexplore the multidimensional aspects of successful aging and obtain predictivemodels successful aging in the elderly in Indonesia.This study used a retrospective cohort study design using the data IFLS(Indonesian Family Life Survey) by following people for seven years, namely atthe point of measurement time survey IFLS IFLS 2000 and 2007. The amount ofthe sample is 2,344 elderly (≥ 53 years). Successful aging measurement modelwas tested and analyzed using Comfirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Multiplelogistic regression analysis is used to derive predictive model of successful aging.This research resulted in the concept of multidimensional models of successfulaging that has good validity and reliability. Each contribution were mentalfunctioning (78%), active involvement (64%), physical functioning (62%),spirituality (2.7%) and free of the disease (0.1%). Successful aging predictionmodels resulting from this study consisted of seven variables include individualfactors (age, gender, education, physical activity and waist circumference) andenvironmental factors (level of expenditure vegetable and healthy fund programparticipation). Age group 60-69 years had a chance of success 2.211 (95% CI =1.077 to 4.539), age group 53-59 years amounted to 3.568 (95% CI = 1.765 to7.216). Elderly men had chances 1.595 (95% CI = 1.133 to 2.247), elderly peoplewith low education had a chance 2.805 (95% CI = 1.776 to 4.429), secondaryeducation / high 4.128 (95% CI = 2.272 to 7.500). Elderly with moderate physicalactivity had a chance of success 4.258 (95% CI = 2.352 to 7.709), light activities3.964 (95% CI = 2.228 to 7.052) and strenuous activities 3,675 (95% CI = 2.054to 6.576). Elderly with no risk of waist circumference had a chance of success1.688 (95% CI = 1.092 to 2.610). Elderly with a high level of expenditurevegetable has a chance of success 1.384 (95% CI = 1.010 to 1.898), elderly whoparticipates in the healthy fund program likely to succeed 1.779 (95% CI = 1.181to 2.680). Implications of the results of research on policy in the form of the threemain pillars that determine successful aging, namely participation, health andsocial security. In addition to the three pillars, gender is also an importantdeterminana successful aging. Therefore, gender equality need to be considered inany policy pillars"