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"Road Funds, financed from user charges; have been practiced in many countries in securing morereliable funding for rock The idea of an of budget source of funding is appealing. But they are mosteffective where they form part of a broader strategy to manage roads in a more business-like way on afee-for-service basis: the link between user charges - tariffs for road use ~ and road expenditures,reinforced by user participation in their oversight creates a sense of ownership and puts pressure onroad agencies for greater transparency, accountability, and efficiency. This is in tune with Indonesia 'smoves towards better governance and democratic accountability under decentralization. This paperdiscusses the paradigm shifts that are now taking place and considers them as the rationales behind theattempt to establish a road fund in Indonesia."

"Do employees hate their managers? Many do, says this research-based book, which describes 30 reasons for employee attitudes ranging from indifference to outright hatred of management. Among the reasons, these employees say: they are not treated like adults, with respect for their contributions; managers don't listen to them; senior managers are incompetent and run the company poorly; their pay isn't linked to their job performance and often it's unfair; they lack sufficient resources and training to do their jobs well; they don't trust information they receive from management; they get insufficient feedback on their work performance; they have such heavy workloads and inflexible schedules that they can't find a good balance of work and personal life.The author offers solutions, not just a litany of problems. He also describes some of the underlying psychological reasons for employee discontent (for example, equity theory, which explains why people react as they do to perceived unfairness). The material is based on Katcher's proprietary research in 65 organizations and surveys of more than 50,000 employees. It also includes many stories/examples."

"The impact of Urbanization to food habits and socio-demographic characteristics was examined by comparing a total of 150 elderly subjects from rural, low income urban and middle income urban community (50 in each area) in Bandung district, West Java. All subjects had the same ethnicity (Sundanese). Urban subjects should migrated to the city for at least 30 years.

Data collection was done from January to March 1996. The data was collected through personal interview, anthropometric assessment and in-depth interview to selected individuals. These data collection was aimed to obtain information on food habits, health status, psychological well-being and nutritional status. Changes in food habits was gathered by using list of food which included current and past consumption frequency. Health status data was collected through subjective health reported by the subjects. Nutritional status was assessed by using several anthropometric measurement namely weight, height, armspan and calf circumference.

Changes in consumption frequency of several food items were found between current and past situation and also among areas. Several indicators of psychological well-being were also found significantly different among the three areas. No difference of nutritional status indices among areas were found."