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"Caprellidae is one of the family of Amphipoda. This family is commonly known as "skeleton shrimps" or "ghost shrimps" because of its slender body shape looks like a skeleton and often resembles fine filaments of seaweed, hydroids or bryozoan. Caprellidae sometimes is not clearly visible and looks like a shadow. This family commonly found in seaweed, hydroids, bryozoans, sponges and seagrass. Caprellidae is a group of organisms that utilizes various feeding strategies, such as omnivorous, filter feeder, predator or others. Some notes about Caprellidae are discussed in this paper including its morphology, systematics, feeding habits. reproduction, habitat and distribution. "

"There are 49 nominal taxa of Thiaridae known from Sulawesi and 11 species from Lake Poso, Central Sulawesi have been reported by Sarasin & Sarasin (1897 & 1898). Since then, no study on the systematic of the species from Lake Poso have been carried out. The basic information on the morphology of those species were described for the first time in 1897 & 1898. However, information on their habitat and distribution are still lacking.

Lake Poso is a tectonic-lake, which lies at 510 m above sea level and covers about 32,000 hectares. The deepest part of the lake reaches 450 meters. To study the diversity and distribution of Thiaridae in Lake Poso, snails were collected from 33 locations (outlet, inlet, and area of the lake), using sieve and by hand (at the shallow area) or small hand ?dredge? (at deep area). Morphology characters (height, width of shell and aperture; number of axial and spiral ribs at the penultimate and body whorls) were examined. Anatomical study (head, neck, tentacle, eye, snout, sole, foot groove); pallial cavity (ctenidium, osphradium, rectum, mantle edge); alimentary system (buccal mass, radula sac, radula, stomach); reproductive system (female: brood pouch, bursa copulatrix, albumen gland, egg, embryo, ovary; male: prostate gland, testis, testicle lobes, vas deferens); nervous system (cerebro ganglion, pleuro ganglion, pedal ganglion) was conducted only on Tylomelania.

Totally there are 13 species and more than eight undescribed species of Thiaridae identified in this study. Most of the species belong to the genus Brofia which occurred at the area of the lake (LP 10, LP 11, LP 12, LP 13, LP 15, LP 16, LP 17, LP 17 a, LP 18, LP 19, LP 20, LP 21, LP 22, LP 23, LP 24, LP 24 a, LP 25, LP 26, LP 27, LP 28, LP 29, LP 31), outlet (LP 1, LP 2, LP 3, LP 4) and inlet area (LP 5, LP 6, LP 7, LP 8, LP 9, LP 30). B. toradjarum, B. sca/ario psis, B. ku/i, B. centaurus were found at the area of the lake, while B. perfecta and B. robusta at the inlet and outlet respectively. There are two species of Melanoides (M. tuberculata & M. granífera) found at the area of the lake, and one species, M. punctata, occurred only at the stream of Saluopa (inlet area).

The anatomy of the genus Tylomelania was described for the first time. Comparative study on the morphology and anatomy were based on specimen of T. neritiformis, T. porcellanica, and T. carbo. The anatomical characters described and compared: the length and width of buccal mass, radula sac, ctenidium, osphradium, stomach, style-sac, albumen gland, eggs, and embryos, cerebral commissure, pedal commissure. The shape and position of anus, rectum, ctenidium, osphradium, radula, brood pouch, bursa copulatrix, albumen gland, genital Opening, prostate gland, ovary, testis, cerebro ganglion, pleuro ganglion, pedal ganglion, suboesophageal ganglion, supraoesophageal ganglion presented for the first time."

"Sumpit merupakan alat makan tradisional bangsa Cina. Meskipun ditemukan ribuan tahun yang lalu, sumpit tetap digunakan hi9ngga dewasa ini. Sumpit pun banyak dipakai di beberapa negara di dunia oleh orang-orang dari negara-negara lain. Selain sebagai alat makan, sumpit juga dapat menjadi benda seni. Selain itu, sumpit merepresentasikan budaya Cina. Konfusius sebagai filsuf Cina yang ajaran-ajaran dan ucapan-ucapannya sangat berpengaruh dalam pembentukan bangsa Cina untuk terus menggunakan sumpit sebagai alat makan utama mereka."

"ABSTRACTLombok is located between Bali and Sumbawa Island. This island is popular as tourist destination, especially for marine tourism. On the other hand, marine fauna from Lombok is not so popular as their beautiful beaches. One kind of marine fauna is snail, neriti snails are common and easy to find along the beach. T here are twelve species of Nerita snails found in Lombok recently. Nine 0fthem were having their representations in the collections of Museum Zoology Bogor; while the rest three are not yet collected. One of museum collection, Nerita acellata Le Guillou, 1841, is never reported from Lombok before."