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"Idiom Barat populer seperti there is strength in numbers bersama prinsip dasar di psikologi sosial menyarankan bahwa manusia adalah mahluk sosial yang mudah terpengaruhi oleh kelompok-kelompok di lingkungannya. Penelitian ini menguji perspektif tersebut kepada intergroup sensitivity effect ISE, yang mengemukakan bahwa kritik dari seorang outgroup cenderung ditolak dibandingkan kritik yang datang dari seorang ingroup. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui apakah jumlah orang yang memberi sebuah kritik dapat secara langsung mengurangi sikap defensif terhadap kritik yang timbul dari luar kelompok. Dengan menggunakan desain 2x3 between subject, 162 partisipan dari Australia diberikan wacana berisi kritik tentang masyarakat Australia. Kritik tersebut akan diberi oleh seorang individu, tiga individu atau satu kelompok orang Australia atau orang yang tidak berasal dari Australia. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kritik yang diberi oleh orang non-Australia cenderung ditolak dibanding kritik yang diberi oleh orang Australia, walaupun isi dari kritik tersebut sama. Intergroup sensitivity effect nampaknya tidak terpengaruh oleh jumlah pemberi kritik, dimana kritik yang bersumber dari anggota outgroup memiliki kemungkinan kecil untuk diterima oleh sebuah kelompok.

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The popular idiom there is strength in numbers embodies the central idea in social psychology that groups are more powerful and more influential than a lone individual. The current study tested this perspective on the intergroup sensitivity effect ISE, which dictates that people are more resistant to criticism made by an outgroup than if it came from an ingroup, and aimed to assess whether the number of people making the criticism would reduce the defensiveness towards outgroup critics. In a 2x3 between groups design, 162 Australians were exposed to criticisms about Australians from either an individual, a group or from multiple individuals who were either Australian or non Australian. Results revealed that criticisms from non Australians aroused more defensiveness than if the same criticism was made by Australians and that the effect was not changed by whether the criticism was made by one person or multiple people. Perhaps the lure of social pressure and group influence do not apply to the ISE as criticism is distinct from other forms of persuasion. Theoretical implications and direction for future research are also discussed."

"Studies have been reported on the association between menopause and periodontal disease related to estrogen deficiency. Although the estrogen receptor has been demonstrated on some oral tissues, the presence of estrogen receptors on periodontal pockets has not been discussed. This study was conducted to determine the difference of estrogen receptor α and β on periodontal pockets between menopausal and reproductive women. The results showed that the estrogen receptors α and β were expressed on periodontal pockets. The immunoexpression of estrogen receptor α in periodontal pocket epithelium of menopausal women was higher than that of estrogen receptor β, similarly to the reproductive women, but there was no significant difference in the immunoexpression of estrogen receptors α and β between menopausal and reproductive women. We concluded that the influence of estrogen on the periodontal pockets is more viaestrogen receptor α both on menopausal and reproductive women."