Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

""The study of households and everyday life is increasingly recognized as fundamental in social archeological analysis. This volume is the first to address the household as a process and as a conceptual and analytical means through which we can interpret social organization from the bottom up. In case studies from Neolithic Greece, Stella Souvatzi examines how the household is defined socially, culturally, and historically. Her study is enriched by an in-depth discussion of the framework for the household in the social sciences and the synthesis of many anthropological, historical, and sociological examples. It reverses the view of the household as passive, ahistorical, and stable, showing it instead to be active, dynamic, and continually shifting."--BOOK JACKET."

"Resiliensi menjadi kapasitas penting bagi perempuan kepala keluarga yang kerap menghadapi berbagai tantangan berlapis dalam menjalankan perannya. Kapasitas ini berkaitan dengan keyakinan dari dalam individu dalam menghadapi tantangan dan dukungan dari sekitar individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi antara dukungan sosial dan self-efficacydengan resiliensi pada perempuan kepala keluarga. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan desain cross-sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 51 perempuan kepala keluarga yang merupakan anggota kader Yayasan PEKKA (Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga) di Jakarta Timur dengan teknik pengambilan sampel jenuh yang mencakup seluruh populasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah tabel silang dan uji korelasi Kendall's Tau-b dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas dengan menggunakan SPSS. Pengukuran variabel dukungan sosial mengacu pada empat dimensi dari House (1981), yaitu dukungan emosional, penghargaan, informatif, dan instrumental. Variabel self-efficacy menggunakan tiga dimensi dari Bandura (1997), yaitu level, generality, dan strength. Sementara itu, resiliensi diukur berdasarkan empat aspek dari Connor & Davidson (2003) yang dimodifikasi oleh Dong dkk. (2013), yaitu fleksibilitas untuk mengatasi perubahan dan tantangan, dukungan dari keluarga dan lingkungan sosial, pengaruh spiritual, serta memiliki kehidupan yang berorientasi pada tujuan. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala Likert dengan empat alternatif jawaban, yaitu sangat tidak sesuai, tidak sesuai, sesuai, dan sangat sesuai. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat dukungan sosial (90,2%), self-efficacy (86,3%), dan resiliensi (78,4%) yang tergolong tinggi. Hasil uji korelasi bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang cukup dan bersifat positif antara dukungan sosial dan resiliensi (koefisien korelasi = 0,328; p = 0,018). Artinya, terdapat kecenderungan bahwa perempuan kepala keluarga yang merasakan dukungan sosial lebih tinggi cenderung memiliki tingkat resiliensi yang lebih tinggi. Selain itu, hubungan antara self-efficacy dan resiliensi juga tergolong cukup dan positif (koefisien korelasi = 0,489; p = 0,000), yang menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat self-efficacy yang dimiliki, maka cenderung diikuti oleh tingkat resiliensi yang lebih tinggi. Peneliti memberi rekomendasi bagi pembuat kebijakan dan program untuk memperhatikan aspek dukungan sosial dan self-efficacy sebagai bagian dari intervensi untuk meningkatkan resiliensi perempuan kepala keluarga.

---

Resilience is a crucial capacity for female heads of households who frequently face multiple layered challenges in fulfilling their roles. This capacity relates to an individual’s internal belief in facing adversity, as well as the support received from their surrounding environment. This study aims to analyze the correlation between social support and self-efficacy with the resilience of female heads of households. A quantitative method was used with a descriptive approach and a cross-sectional design. The respondents of this study were 51 female heads of households who are members of the PEKKA Foundation (Women-Headed Family Empowerment Foundation) in East Jakarta. A saturated sampling technique was applied, covering the entire population. Data analysis techniques included cross-tabulation and Kendall’s Tau-b correlation test, preceded by validity and reliability tests using SPSS. The measurement of social support variables referred to four dimensions proposed by House (1981): emotional, appraisal, informational, and instrumental support. The self-efficacy variable used three dimensions from Bandura (1997): level, generality, and strength. Meanwhile, resilience was measured based on four aspects developed by Connor & Davidson (2003) and modified by Dong et al. (2013), which include flexibility in adapting to changes and challenges, support from family and the social environment, spiritual influence, and having a goal-oriented life. The research instrument used a Likert scale with four response options: strongly disagree, disagree, agree, and strongly agree. Univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents had high levels of social support (90.2%), self-efficacy (86.3%), and resilience (78.4%). The results of the bivariate correlation test indicate moderate and positive relationship between social support and resilience (correlation coefficient = 0.328; p = 0.018). This suggests a tendency for women heads of households who perceive higher social support to also exhibit higher resilience. Furthermore, the relationship between self-efficacy and resilience is also moderate and positive (correlation coefficient = 0.489; p = 0.000), indicating that higher levels of self-efficacy tend to be associated with higher resilience. The researcher recommends that policy and program makers pay attention to aspects of social support and self-efficacy as part of interventions to increase the resilience of female heads of households."

"ABSTRACT A total of 40 households with pre-scholars belonging to East Jakarta District were surveyed for their intra household food distribution practices using food weighing and 24 h recall method for three consecutive days. It generally aimed to examine the contribution of intra-household food distribution practices to the nutritional status of the households' members. Two groups of 20 households represented the study households, one group with low household income (less than Rp 37,500 or US $ 17/capita/month), the other with higher household income (more or equal to Rp 66,000 or US $ 301capitalmoth). Results revealed that fathers and children of higher income group were better nourished than fathers and children of low-income group, but no difference between the mothers. The energy distributions were more or less equal in both low and higher income group. In low-income group the parents got more protein adequacy (the mothers got 108.7 % and the fathers got 108.4 %) than the children (83.9%). In higher income group, all household members got adequate protein (the fathers got 131.4%; the mothers got 110.4 % and the children got 124.8%). Low-income households assured themselves of sufficient intake of rice; oil; sugar and snacks whereas the higher income households consumed higher intake of milk; meat; egg; fruits & vegetables. Findings seemed to indicate that there were differences in the food distribution patterns between low and higher income group and these patterns closely associated with the nutritional status of household members. "

"The study was carried out among 40 low-income households in East Jakarta. It generally aimed at examining the contribution of intra-household food distribution practices to the differences in nutritional status of individual members within and between urban poor households with underfive year old children. Two groups represented the study households. One group with malnourished (<-2 Z-scores for weight for age indicator) 18-60 months old children and the other group with well-nourished (>:-2 Z-scores) of the same age. A three day household and individual food intake were collected through the use of a combined food weighing and 24-hour food recall method. Results revealed that.malnourished underfive year old children were given less adequate diets in terms of nutrient requirement while parents? diet were sufficiently adequate. In contrast, the well-nourished children were adequately fed while their parents got less. The children's intake were found to have a marginal relationship with their nutritional status while significant associations were seen with parent's energy intake and household's total income. On the whole, findings indicated inequality in the food distribution patterns among urban poor households and these patterns somehow influences the nutritional status of household members particularly the pre-school age children"

"The contributions in this book address the question of how to develop and foster democratic competences. This may take place via school curricula, resource materials and teaching/learning methods ; in workplaces by means of formalised arrangements that encourage self-direction and through the informal processes engendered by expansive working environments; and in personal and community life, including in the course of incidental learning in social networks. The studies and analyses are somewhat nonconformist in its thematic spread and its boundary-crossing between disciplines and perspectives that conventionally live separate lives."