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"Few topics of international law speak to the imagination as much as international immunities. Questions pertaining to immunity from jurisdiction or execution under international law surface on a frequent basis before national courts, including at the highest levels of the judicial branch and before international courts or tribunals. Nevertheless, international immunity law is and remains a challenging field for practitioners and scholars alike. Challenges stem in part from the uncertainty pertaining to the customary content of some immunity regimes said to be in a 'state of flux', the divergent – and at times directly conflicting - approaches to immunity in different national and international jurisdictions, or the increasing intolerance towards impunity that has accompanied the advance of international criminal law and human rights law. Composed of thirty-four expertly written contributions, the present volume uniquely provides a comprehensive tour d'horizon of international immunity law, traversing a wealth of national and international practice."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana perbandingan pemberian hak atas tanah untuk Perwakilan Negara Asing di Indonesia dan Malaysia serta bagaimana Indonesia dapat menyeimbangkan kepentingan nasional dan hubungan diplomatik dengan negara sahabat dalam menerapkan hak istimewa dan kekebalan diplomatik pada pemberian hak atas tanah bagi Perwakilan Negara Asing. Penerapan hak ini adakalanya menimbulkan masalah, seperti dalam kasus peralihantanah bekas kantor Kedutaan Besar Inggris. Hambatan lain juga timbul akibat penerapan asas timbal balik, seperti dialami oleh Kedutaan Besar X dalam proses perolehan hak atas tanah. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa meskipun Perwakilan Negara Asing menikmati hak istimewa dan kekebalan diplomatik, tetap terdapat permasalahan khususnya berkaitan dengan pertanahan. Tulisan ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal dengan pendekatan komparatif untuk menganalisis aturan, asas, dan norma agraria serta hukum internasional yang berlaku di Indonesia dan Malaysia terkait pemberian hak atas tanah bagi Perwakilan Negara Asing. Pada dasarnya, metode perolehan hak atas tanah bagi Perwakilan Negara Asing di Indonesia dan Malaysia hampir sama, yaitu melalui jual beli atau permohonan hak atas tanah negara. Perbedaannya terletak pada jenis hak atas tanah yang diberikan serta bukti pemberian haknya. Hak atas tanah paling tinggi yang dapat diberikan kepada Perwakilan Negara Asing di Indonesia adalah Hak Pakai, sedangkan Malaysia tidak membatasi jenis hak atas tanah yang diberikan. Dalam pemberian hak istimewa dan kekebalan diplomatik, penting untuk mengetahui perlakuan yang diberikan negara sahabat kepada Indonesia untuk menghindari perlakuan diskriminatif dan memastikan adanya kesetaraan. Hal ini juga dilakukan agar Pemerintah RI dapat mengontrol pemberian hak istimewa dan kekebalan diplomatik kepada Perwakilan Negara Asing tanpa mengecualikan ketentuan hukum nasional.

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This paper examines the comparative aspects of land rights granted to Foreign Missions in Indonesia and Malaysia. It also explores how Indonesia can balance national interests and diplomatic relations with partner nations when applying diplomatic privileges and immunities concerning land rights for Foreign Missions. The application of these rights may raise some challenges, exemplified by the sale of land previously occupied by the British Embassy. Other obstacles also arise from applying the principle of reciprocity, as experienced by Embassy X when acquiring land titles in Indonesia. This illustrates that although Foreign Missions have entitlement to diplomatic privileges and immunities, they may encounter challenges related to land issues. The paper employs a doctrinal research methodology with a comparative approach to analyze the agrarian rules, principles, and norms, as well as international law applicable in Indonesia and Malaysia concerning the granting of land rights to Foreign Missions. Fundamentally, the methods of acquiring land rights for Foreign Missions in Indonesia and Malaysia are similar, encompassing purchase or application for land rights over the state. The distinction lies in the types of land rights granted and the documentation supporting the grant. The highest land right that can be granted to Foreign Missions in Indonesia is Hak Pakai (Right of Use), while Malaysia imposes no restrictions on the types of land rights granted. In granting diplomatic privileges and immunities, it is crucial to understand the treatment accorded to Indonesia by partner nations to prevent discriminatory practices and ensure equality. This approach also enables the Indonesian government to regulate the granting of diplomatic privileges and immunities to Foreign Missions without compromising national legal provisions."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai analisis penyelesaian sengketa pemutusan hubungan kerja antara utusan diplomatik di Indonesia dengan warga negara Indonesia yang dalam praktiknya memunculkan persoalanpersoalan hukum seperti bagaimana praktik pelaksanaan imunitas diplomatik dan hak-hak istimewa utusan diplomatik di Indonesia, bagaimana kewajiban utusan diplomatik asing di Indonesia dan pemerintah negara indonesia dalam rangka perlindungan terhadap hak warga negara Indonesia dalam hal hubungan perburuhan serta bagaimana praktek penyelesaian sengketa pemutusan hubungan kerja antara utusan diplomatik dengan lokal staf (locally engaged staff) di negara penerima ditinjau dari penerapan hukum diplomatik. Semua persoalan-persoalan hukum tersebut ditarik dari perkara dengan nomor register 64/PHI.G/2014/PN.JKT. PST Erna Amiarsih melawan Kedutaan Besar India untuk Indonesia. Skripsi ini akan menjawab persoalan-persoalan tersebut dengan memaparkan dan menganalisa teori-teori hukum diplomatik, praktik negara-negara lain dan teori-teori hukum internasional yang relevan.

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ABSTRACT

This undergraduate thesis analyzes the settlement of dispute over work termination between diplomatic representatives in Indonesia and Indonesian citizens. In practice, such a dispute triggers a wide range of legal issues as to the implementation of diplomatic immunity and privileges accessible to diplomatic representatives in Indonesia, the obligations to which foreign diplomatic representatives in Indonesia and the Indonesian Government are bound in protecting the rights of Indonesian citizens with regards to labor force, as well as the settlement of dispute over work termination between diplomatic representatives and locally engaged staff in the receiving country which is examined through the framework of diplomatic law practice. These legal issues are observed from the case under the registration number 64/PHI.G/2014/PN.JKT. PST Erna Amiarsih against the Embassy of India to Indonesia. This undergraduate thesis seeks to answer those issues by way of elaboration and analysis using the theories of diplomatic law, state practice, and any other relevant public international law theories."

"Summary: Présentation de l'éditeur : "The 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations has for over 50 years been central to diplomacy and applied to all forms of relations among sovereign States. Participation is almost universal. The rules giving special protection to ambassadors are the oldest established in international law and the Convention is respected almost everywhere. But understanding it as a living instrument requires knowledge of its background in customary international law, of the negotiating history which clarifies many of its terms and the subsequent practice of states and decisions of national courts which have resolved other ambiguities. Diplomatic Law provides this in-depth Commentary. The book is an essential guide to changing methods of modern diplomacy and shows how challenges to its regime of special protection for embassies and diplomats have been met and resolved. It is used by ministries of foreign affairs and cited by domestic courts world-wide. The book analyzes the reasons for the widespread observance of the Convention rules and why in the special case of communications - where there is flagrant violation of their special status - these reasons do not apply. It describes how abuse has been controlled and how the immunities in the Convention have survived onslaught by those claiming that they should give way to conflicting entitlements to access to justice and the desire to punish violators of human rights. It describes how the duty of diplomats not to interfere in the internal affairs of the host State is being narrowed in the face of the communal international responsibility to monitor and uphold human rights.""

"Pengertian status diplomatik sering diartikan sebagai privileges yang mutlah melekat pada pribadi seorang diplomat. Status diplomatik yang diakui oleh pemerintah mempunyai sifat fungsional yaitu "kekebalan diplomatik". namun pemberian kekebalan dan keistimewaan diplomatik bukan untuk keuntungan pribadi melainkan untuk menjamin pelaksanaan fungsi perwakilan diplomatik secara efisien. Dalam Hukum Internasional ketentuan kekuasaan dan keistimewaan diplomatik dikenal sebagi "hak atas perlindungan". Tulisan ini menyoroti masalah tersebut dikaitkan dengan Konvensi Wina 1961"