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"These lectures aim to help readers understand the logics and nature of the main indicators of inequality and poverty, with special attention to their social welfare underpinnings. The key approach consists in linking inequality and poverty measurement with welfare evaluation. As concern for inequality and poverty stems from ethical considerations, the measurement of those aspects necessarily involves some value judgments. Those value judgments can be linked, directly or indirectly, to welfare assessments on the distribution of personal and social opportunities. Inequality and poverty are thus considered to be partial aspects of the welfare evaluation of the opportunities in a given society. The volume includes two applications that illustrate how the models can be implemented. They refer to inequality of opportunity and poverty in education, using PISA data."

"This volume presents ten chapters that discuss the economics of poverty, inequality and welfare. They address how we measure poverty, inequality and welfare and how we use such measurements to devise policies to deliver social mobility. They consider both theoretical and empirical topics with special reference to developing countries. "

"ABSTRAKAnalisis Dinamik menggunakan Model VAR menunjukkan bahwa tingkat inflasi mempengaruhi kesejahteraan petani di Indonesia secara signifikan dalam jangka panjang, tetapi tidak dalam jangka pendek. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan analisis kuadran, terdapat peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu terhadap jumlah provinsi yang berbasis sektor pertanian di Indonesia. Namun demikian, kemiskinan pedesaan di Indonesia tetap stabil pada tahun 2011 dengan masih banyaknya provinsi yang terletak di kuadran normatif atau di kuadran transisi. Secara umum, dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa tingkat inflasi berpengaruh secara signifikan dan positif terhadap indeks NTP dalam jangka panjang dan indeks NTP tidak dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan dalam jangka pendek, atau dengan kata lain ada faktor lain diluar faktor kesejahteraan petani yang memiliki peranan penting dalam mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan di pedesaan.

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ABSTRACTThe dynamic analysis using VAR model shows that inflation rate affects Indonesian farmers’ welfare significantly in the long run but not in the short run. Furthermore, based on the quadrant analysis, we can see that there is an increase over time of the number of agriculture based provinces in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the rural poverty in Indonesia remained stable in 2011 with many provinces located in the normative quadrant or in the transition provinces. Generally, we find in our analysis that inflation rate influences significantly and positively the NTP index in the long run and the NTP index cannot affect poverty rate in the short run, or that beyond other factors of the farmers’ welfare are at play to reduce rural poverty rate."

"ABSTRAKMasyarakat nelayan merupakan salahsatu kelompok masyarakat yang paling rentan akan kemiskinan. Beragam program pembangunan yang telah dilakukan pemerintah pada kelompok masyarakat ini ternyata masih banyak menemui kegagalan. Literatur dan penelitian sebelumnya melihat kegagalan ini karena adanya kesalahan eksternal yang menghambat mobilitas eksternal sebagai salahsatu faktor penghambat pembangunan, serta adanya faktor lain yang kini harus mulai diperhitungkan dalam melihat kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan. Perspektif itu adalah modal sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik modal sosial nelayan memang terbilang tinggi, namun tingkat kesejahteraannya masih rendah. Ini membuat hubungan antara modal sosial dan kesejahteraan ternyata masih sangat rendah.

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ABSTRACTFishermen community has become one of the most vulnerable communities towards poverty. Various policies and programs have been implemented, yet none seem to have work. Previous literature and research shows that this might have something to do with the external factors that stunted the community rsquo s vertical mobility, and some also shows that the absence of social capital as a key factor in the planning process of the policies, played quite a significant part. The result of this research, however, shows that fishermen communities indeed have a high level of social capital, yet their welfare level is low. Thus the correlation between the two is not significant, and in some cases, almost non existent."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi dan menganalisis kontribusi infrastruktur transportasi yang terbagi dari rel, jalan, dan air terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan di tujuh negara di Asia Tenggara yang terdiri dari Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Filippina, Laos, Kamboja, dan Myanmar. Infrastruktur Transportasi mempunyai peran penting dalam perkembangan Ekonomi dan pengurangan kemiskinan, seperti diketahui bahwa Infrastruktur Transportasi adalah salah satu factor yang penting untuk perkembangan Ekonomi di sebuah negara dan menjadi salah satu pertimbangan dalam melihat pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan ekonomi. Studi ini akan menggunakan panel data 2004-2014 untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari Infrastruktur Transportasi terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan. Melalui panel data analisis, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang jalan beraspal berpengaruh secara signifikan dan mempunya korelasi negative terhadap kemiskinan.

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This study aims to identify and analyze the contribution of transport infrastructure that consist of Rail, Road, and Water Transport to the poverty alleviation in seven ASEAN countries, which are Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar. The question on the role of transport infrastructure in the economic development and poverty reduction has been debated among academicians and policy makers. Transportation infrastructure is one of the important factor to the economic development of a country and it is used as one the consideration that impacts the economic development. This Thesis will use annually panel data 2004 2014 to find out the impact and then the significance of each transportation infrastructure to poverty reduction. Through Fixed Effect Panel Data Analysis, the result implies that road length is negatively significant to the poverty alleviation and that give justification that infrastructure transportation improvement will accelerate the poverty reduction in Southeast Asia Countries."