Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Coral reefs are the 'rain forests' of the ocean, containing the highest diversity of marine organisms and facing the greatest threats from humans. As shallow-water coastal habitats, they support a wide range of economically and culturally important activities, from fishing to tourism. Their accessibility makes reefs vulnerable to local threats that include over-fishing, pollution and physical damage. Reefs also face global problems, such as climate change, which may be responsible for recent widespread coral mortality and increased frequency of hurricane damage. This book, first published in 2006, summarises the state of knowledge about the status of reefs, the problems they face, and potential solutions. The topics considered range from concerns about extinction of coral reef species to economic and social issues affecting the well-being of people who depend on reefs. The result is a multi-disciplinary perspective on problems and solutions to the coral reef crisis."

"ABSTRACTOceans cover 70 percent of the Earth surface. Coastal and shallow water areas contain the most productive and diverse ecosystem, including coral reefs, mangroves and sea grass beds. Coral reefs, as referred to the tropical rainforest of the ocean, is a marine system whose valued about 30 million USD per year: Coral protects shares and islands from the strong waves and surges. Along with sea grass beds and mangroves, coral reefs acts as the biggest carbon sink from atmosphere in the earth. The tropical coral reefs worldwide cover an area of 284. 000 km2 can absorb carbon as much as 4 milion tons carbondioxide every year: It is five times higher than tropical rain forests can absorb. It is why people called it as blue carbon. On the other hand, some people say that coral reef is also acts as the carbon source."

"Terumbu karang sangat rentan terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan yang terjadi di sekitarnya, khususnya aktivitas manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas manusia terhadap terumbu karang di Kawasan Konservasi Taman Wisata Perairan Gili Matra, Lombok. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian, variabel yang digunakan adalah jarak dari berbagai faktor aktivitas manusia, yaitu: lokasi penangkapan ikan berizin, wilayah penangkapan ikan ilegal, wilayah snorkeling, wilayah penanaman biorock, wilayah permukiman dan lokasi dermaga, serta lokasi tempat pembuangan sementara (TPS). Jarak dari setiap variabel terhadap terumbu karang kemudian dihitung dan dilihat berapa besar pengaruhnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis citra Landsat dan ASTER yang telah diperoleh pada tahun 2002, 2008, dan 2015 untuk melihat perubahan kondisi terumbu karang dengan menggunakan metode Lyzenga. Selain itu, survei lapang yang terdiri dari wawancara, mental map dan observasi juga dilakukan untuk melihat konektivitas dari setiap variabel terhadap perubahan kondisi terumbu karang. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis keruangan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terumbu karang hidup tersebar di setiap sekeliling pulau, dengan bagian terluas terdapat pada bagian utara Gili Air dan barat laut Gili Trawangan; sedangkan terumbu karang mati tersebar luas di sekeliling setiap pulau dengan luas yang lebih besar. Dari semua variabel, lokasi TPS merupakan satu-satunya faktor yang tidak mempengaruhi kondisi terumbu karang di kawasan ini.

---

Coral reef is highly susceptible to the environmental condition change of its surroundings, especially to human activities. This research aims to find the impact of human activities on the coral reef in Gili Matra Aquatic Tourism Park Conservation Region, Lombok. In order to achieve the research objectives, the variabels used are the distances from a variety of human activities factors, which are: licensed fishing locations, illegal fishing areas, snorkeling areas, biorock planting areas, residential areas and dock locations, as well as the temporary disposal sites. The distances from each variabels to the coral reef are then calculated and observed how big the influence is.

This research is conducted by analyzing Landsat and ASTER images that are obtained in 2002, 2008 and 2015 to see the coral reef?s condition change by using the Lyzenga method. Furthermore, field survey that is consisting of interviews, mental maps and observations are also conducted to see the connectivity from each variabels towards the coral reef's condition change. The analysis method used in this research is spatial analysis that is conducted descriptively.

The results show the live coral reefs are spread around each island, with the widest parts are located on northern part of Gili Air and northwestern part of Gili Trawangan; while the dead coral reefs are spread evenly around each island in a larger area. From all variabels, temporary disposal sites is the only factor that doesn't give an impact on coral reef's condition in this region."

"Monthly larval release by the coral Pocillopora damicornis at Panjang Island,Central Java was investigated.Corals were collected from windward and leeward and maintained in outdoor,flow-trough system to quantify nightly release of larvae...."

"Coral reefs are deteriorating worlwide due to various stresses, including pollution of hazardous chemicals such antifouling chemicals...."

"Mumby dkk. (2008) membuat model matematika terumbu karang dalam suatu persamaan diferensial biasa nonlinier. Model ini menggambarkan interaksi antara makro alga, karang, dan alga turf yang merupakan organisme yang menutupi dasar laut terumbu. Salah satu asumsi modelnya disebutkan bahwa grazing terhadap makro alga dapat menyebabkan tumbuhnya alga turf. Beberapa tahun berikutnya, Li dkk. (2014) mengembangkan model terumbu karang Mumby dengan adanya waktu tunda. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada fakta bahwa dibutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk alga turf tumbuh setelah makro alga dimakan. Tujuan dari skripsi ini ialah memberikan perbandingan kestabilan titik kesetimbangan pada kedua model beserta bifurkasi yang terjadi.

---

Mumby et al. (2008) constructed a mathematical model of coral reef with nonlinear ordinary differential equation. This model described interaction between macro algae, coral and algal turf which are organism who live in seabed of reef. One assumption of model mentioned that grazing on macro algae giving rise to algal turf. The next few years, Li et al. (2014) extended Mumby?s coral reef model with time delay. It is based from the fact that it takes a long period of time for algal turf to arise after macro algae are grazed. The aim of this undergraduate thesis is to present comparison of stability of the equilibrium points in both model and the occurance of bifurcation."