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"Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 membawa perubahan yang besar terhadap sistem pelayanan kesehatan, salah satunya pada terapi kanker paru. Berbagai keterbatasan yang dihadapi tenaga kesehatan dan risiko COVID-19 yang tinggi pada pasien kanker paru menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan terapi pada pasien kanker paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan terapi dan tingkat kekhawatiran pada pasien kanker paru. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang yang melibatkan pasien rawat jalan kanker paru dilakukan di Poli Onkologi RSUP Persahabatan. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Perubahan terapi pasien kanker paru selama pandemi dinilai menggunakan survei daring yang disusun oleh Dutch Federation of Cancer Patients Organisations dan Dutch Multidisiplinary Oncology Foundation yang dimodifikasi dan diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Karakteristik subjek yang meliputi karakteristik demografi, karakteristik kanker paru, jenis terapi, dan riwayat infeksi COVID-19 turut dinilai dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Sebanyak 68,2% pasien kanker paru mengalami perubahan terapi selama pandemi COVID-19. Tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara karakteristik dan tingkat kekhawatiran subjek dengan perubahan terapi selama pandemi COVID-19. Kekhawatiran terhadap perubahan terapi ditemukan pada 77,3% subjek penelitian. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menemukan tingginya proporsi pasien kanker paru yang mengalami perubahan selama pandemi COVID-19. Perubahan terapi selama pandemi sebaiknya mempertimbangkan dampak psikologis pasien dan efektivitas terapi. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perubahan terapi selama pandemi COVID-19.

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought major changes to the health care system, one of which is lung cancer treatment. Various limitations faced by health workers and the high risk of COVID-19 in lung cancer patients led to changes in lung cancer treatment. This study aims to assess changes in therapy and level of concern in lung cancer patients.

Method: A cross-sectional study involving lung cancer outpatients was conducted in Thoracic Oncology Outpatient Clinic in Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia. Sample recruitment was done using consecutive sampling method. Changes in therapy for lung cancer patients during the pandemic were assessed using an online survey by the Dutch Federation of Cancer Patients Organizations and the Dutch Multidisciplinary Oncology Foundation which was modified and translated into Bahasa. Patients characteristics, including demographic characteristics, lung cancer characteristics, type of therapy, and history of COVID-19 infection were also assessed in this study.

Result: A total of 68.2% of lung cancer patients reported changes in therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic and 77,3% were concerned about treatment changes. No correlation was found between the characteristics and level of concern of the subjects with changes in treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: This study found a high proportion of lung cancer patients who experienced changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in therapy during a pandemic should take into account the psychological impact of the patient and the effectiveness of therapy. Further research is needed to determine the factors that influence the changes during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar belakang: Situasi pandemi COVID-19 membawa dampak terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan, terutama pada masyarakat dengan penyakit kronis seperti kanker paru. Perubahan akibat pandemi memengaruhi tingkat kualitas hidup pasien yang penting untuk kesejahteraan hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran kualitas hidup pasien kanker paru pada pandemi COVID-19.Metode: Studi dengan metode potong-lintang dilakukan di Poli Rawat Jalan Onkologi Toraks RSUP Persahabatan, Jakarta. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Tingkat kualitas hidup dinilai menggunakan kuesioner European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 items (EORTC QLQ-C30) versi Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga menilai karakteristik sosiodemografis dan klinis pasien, serta faktor terkait COVID-19 yang meliputi kekhawatiran akan terhambatnya pengobatan, paparan informasi mengenai COVID-19, hambatan akses menuju fasilitas kesehatan, hambatan kelanjutan pengobatan, tekanan mental yang dialami, serta hubungan dengan keluarga dan teman selama pandemi COVID-19.Hasil: Sebanyak 94% dan 6% pasien kanker paru memiliki tingkat kualitas hidup sedang dan buruk selama pandemi COVID-19. Keseluruhan pasien mengalami gangguan kualitas hidup selama pandemi, tetapi tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik pada tingkat kualitas hidup dengan karakteristik subjek, maupun dengan pandemi COVID-19. Sebagian besar pasien mengkhawatirkan keterlambatan pengobatan dan mengalami tekanan psikologis, namun hanya sedikit pasien yang mengalami hambatan pengobatan selama pandemi.Kesimpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan adanya gangguan kualitas hidup pada pasien kanker paru selama pandemi COVID-19. Diperlukan adanya penelitian lebih lanjut serta pengembangan intervensi yang lebih holistik dan komprehensif untuk pasien kanker paru, terutama selama pengobatan jarak jauh.Kata kunci: Kanker Paru, Kualitas Hidup, COVID-19

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of life, especially for people with chronic diseases such as lung cancer. The changes due to the pandemic impact their quality of life (QoL) which is important for their well-being. This study aimed to provide an overview of lung cancer patients’ QoL during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Thoracic Oncology Outpatient Clinic of Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta. Patients were recruited using consecutive sampling methods. QoL was assessed using the Indonesian version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 items (EORTC QLQ-C30). This study also assessed the patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the factors related to COVID-19, including concerns about treatment delays, exposure to COVID-19 information, barriers to access to healthcare facilities and treatment continuation, psychological pressure, and interpersonal relationships with family and friends.

Results: 94% and 6% of lung cancer patients have moderate and poor QoL during the COVID-19 pandemic. All patients have impaired QoL, but no statistically significant relationship was found between QoL and the subjects’ characteristics or the factors related to the pandemic. Most patients are concerned about treatment delays and experiencing psychological pressure, but only a few patients experience treatment barriers during the pandemic.

Conclusion: This study showed an impaired QoL in lung cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research and development of more holistic and comprehensive interventions for lung cancer patients, particularly during remote treatment, are needed."

"Pandemi COVID-19 membuat pelayanan kesehatan non-COVID-19 terganggu, salah satunya adalah perawatan untuk penyakit kronis. Kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis dengan tingkat mordibitas dan mortalitas tertinggi di dunia. Pengobatan kanker memberikan dampak yang cukup luas dari sisi fisik, psikologis, sosial, finansial, hingga spiritual. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh pengobatan kanker adalah dengan melakukan perawatan paliatif. Selama pandemi COVID-19, akibat adanya kebijakan pembatasan sosial, perawatan paliatif dapat dilaksanakan dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, yaitu dengan telemedis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas telemedis dalam untuk perawatan paliatif bagi pasien kanker selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Pencarian studi dilakukan melalui online database, seperti PubMed, ScienceDirect dan SpringerLink dengan kata kunci “telemedicine” OR “telehealth” OR “digital health” AND “cancer palliative care” OR “cancer supportive care” AND “COVID-19 Pandemic” OR “Pandemic” OR “COVID-19”. Setelah itu, ditemukan 7 studi terinklusi. Efektivitas dinilai dari perubahan nyata pada hasil. Terdapat 3 studi yang menyatakan bahwa penggunaan telemedis dalam perawatan paliatif bagi pasien kanker selama pandemi COVID-19 teruji efektif terlihat dari kepuasan pasien dan keluarga atau pengasuh mereka yang mendorong mereka untuk terus melakukan perawatan, 2 studi yang menunjukan adanya peningkatan Quality of Life score pada pasien, dan 2 studi lainnya yang memberikan kesimpulan faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi pengimplementasian telemedis untuk perawatan paliatif pasien kanker selama pandemi COVID-19. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan telemedis efektif untuk perawatan paliatif bagi pasien kanker selama pandemi COVID-19.

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COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the other health care services, one of them is the treatment for chronic diseases. Cancer is one of the chronic diseases with the highest mordibity and mortality rate in the world. Cancer treatment has a wide impact for the patients and their families in terms of physical, psychological, social, financial, and spiritual. In need to control the effects of cancer treatment, health care providers need to provide a palliative care for the patients. During the COVID-19, due to the social restriction policy, palliative care can be carried out by utilizing the development of information and communication technology, namely by telemedicine. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of telemedicine on palliative care for cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a literature review method. Study searches were conducted through online database, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink with the keywords “telemedicine” OR “telehealth” OR “digital health” AND “cancer palliative care” OR “cancer supportive care” AND “COVID-19 Pandemic” OR “Pandemic” OR “COVID-19”. There are 7 included studies founded. Effectiveness is determined by the apparent change in results. A total of 3 studies showed a high satisfaction of the services from the patients and their families or caregivers, which leads them to continue the care, 2 studies showed a significant improvement in patient’s Quality of Life score, and 2 other studies explain some factors that influence the cancer patients to use telemedicine for palliative care during COVID-19 pandemic. It can be concluded that the use of telemedicine is effective on palliative care for cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Pembatasan sosial yang diberlakukan akibat pandemi COVID-19 membatasi kesempatan melakukan aktivitas fisik dan meningkatkan perilaku sedenter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perubahan aktivitas fisik terhadap berat badan mahasiswa pada masa pandemi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2018 hingga 2021. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengisi kuesioner secara daring di bulan Maret-Agustus 2023. Intensitas aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan kuesioner Global Physical Activity Questionnare (GPAQ). Dilakukan perbandingan intensitas aktivitas fisik dan berat badan sebelum dan saat pandemi. Hubungan antara perubahan aktivitas fisik dan karakteristik subjek (usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat infeksi COVID-19) dengan perubahan berat badan dianalisis melalui uji chi-square dan penghitungan odds ratio. Penelitian ini melibatkan 121 subjek dengan median usia 20 tahun (Inter Quartile Range [IQR]=2) dan sebanyak 72/121 (59.5%) subjek adalah laki-laki. Sebagian besar (66/121) subjek tidak mengalami perubahan aktivitas fisik saat pandemi (54,5%). Terdapat peningkatan signifikan (p<0,001) berat badan mahasiswa saat pandemi (median 60, IQR 24,5) dibandingkan sebelum pandemi (median 58, IQR 21). Ditemukan peningkatan berat badan pada 48/121 (39,7%) mahasiswa. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara perubahan aktivitas fisik, usia, dan riwayat infeksi COVID-19 dengan perubahan berat badan (p>0,05). Perempuan lebih berisiko mengalami perubahan berat badan (OR= 2,9; 95% Confidence Interval= 1,39-6,36; p=0,004). Terdapat peningkatan berat badan mahasiswa saat pandemi. Namun, perubahan aktivitas fisik tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan perubahan berat badan. Jenis kelamin perempuan meningkatkan risiko peningkatan berat badan saat pandemi. Dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menganalisis faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan berat badan mahasiswa.

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Social restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic limit opportunities for physical activity and increase sedentary behavior. This study investigates the correlation between changes in physical activity and university students body weight during the pandemic. This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia from 2018 to 2021. Data were collected by filling out an online questionnaire in March-August 2023. Physical activity intensity was measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Analysis compared pre-pandemic and pandemic physical activity levels and body weights. Chi-square tests explored the relationship between physical activity changes, subject characteristics (age, gender, COVID-19 history), and changes in body weight. This study involved 121 subjects with a median age of 20 years (IQR=2), and 59.5% of the subjects were male. Most subjects (54.5%) showed no change in physical activity during the pandemic. The mean body weight increased (median 60, IQR 24.5) compared to pre-pandemic (median 58, IQR 21) (p<0.001), with 39.7% experiencing weight gain. There was no significant association between changes in physical activity, age, and history of COVID-19 infection with weight change (p>0.05). Women were more at risk of weight change (OR= 2.9; 95% Confidence Interval p=0.004).  University students experienced weight gain during the pandemic. However, changes in physical activity did not significantly correlate with body weight changes. Female gender was notably associated with pandemic-related weight gain. Further research is needed to analyze other factors related to changes in body weight among students."

"Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan pembatasan aktivitas di lingkungan masyarakat dan mengubah banyak kebiasaan lama, termasuk perilaku konsumsi makanan. Meskipun pembatasan aktivitas baik untuk mencegah semakin tersebarnya virus, hal ini berdampak pada industri penyediaan makanan dan minuman di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, studi ini menyelidiki perubahan perilaku konsumsi makanan di Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19 serta kemungkinan keberlanjutan perubahan perilaku tersebut setelah pandemi berakhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan sumber data primer. Data primer didapatkan dari penyebaran kuesioner dan terkumpul sebanyak 479 responden yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan perilaku konsumsi makanan, seperti dari cara belanja, pola makan yang lebih sehat, dan pengurangan aktivitas makan di luar rumah, serta perubahan perilaku konsumsi makanan yang terjadi diperkirakan akan tetap berlanjut setelah pandemi berakhir. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menginformasikan industri penyediaan makan dan minum yang terdampak oleh COVID-19 terkait perilaku konsumen.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused restrictions on activities in the community and changed many old habits, including food consumption behavior. Although activity restrictions are good for preventing the spread of the virus, this has an impact on the food and beverage supply industry in Indonesia. Therefore, this study investigates changes in food consumption behavior in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic and the possible continuation of these behavioral changes after the pandemic ends. This study uses quantitative research methods with primary data sources. Primary data was obtained from distributing questionnaires and collected as many as 479 respondents spread throughout Indonesia. This study shows that there is a change in food consumption behavior, such as from shopping, healthier eating patterns, and reducing eating activities outside the home, and changes in food consumption behavior that occur are expected to continue after the pandemic ends. The results of this study are expected to inform the food and drink supply industry affected by COVID-19 regarding consumer behavior."

"Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis; bakteri ini menyerang organ paru dan ekstra paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB selama pandemi COVID-19 berdasarkan fase pembatasan sosial yang berlaku di Indonesia pada tiga puskesmas di Kota Depok. Pengobatan dikatakan berhasil jika pasien menjalani pengobatan lengkap dan/atau sembuh. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis untuk dua fase, yaitu fase awal dan fase akhir pembatasan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan studi cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap data pasien dari Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis (SITB). Rerata usia pasien adalah ≥ 41 tahun dengan mayoritas pasien laki-laki, memiliki pekerjaan, durasi pengobatan ≥ 6 bulan, dan sebagian besar pasien adalah pasien TB paru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan keberhasilan pengobatan dari fase awal (90,5%) ke fase akhir (89%) pembatasan sosial, namun tidak signifikan secara statistik (p = 0,937). Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik (p = 0,050) antara pembatasan sosial dengan hasil pengobatan pasien. Analisis statistik karakteristik pasien menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin, usia, pekerjaan, klasifikasi TB, dan komorbiditas pasien TB tidak secara signifikan memengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan TB selama pembatasan sosial. Namun, durasi pengobatan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan (p <0,001) terhadap keberhasilan pengobatan TB.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; the bacteria invade the lung and extra-lung organs. TB treatment, especially for drug-sensitive patients, consists of an intensive phase and a continuation phase lasting six months. Several studies have shown a decrease in the success of TB therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is thought to be influenced by social distancing rules. This study aims to analyze the treatment success of TB patients during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the social restriction phase applicable in Indonesia at three health centers in Depok City. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional study. Data were collected retrospectively from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB). The mean age of patients was ≥ 41 years with the majority of patients being male, employed, treatment duration ≥ 6 months, and most patients were pulmonary TB patients. The results showed a decrease in treatment success from the early phase (90.5%) to the late phase (89%) of social restriction in Depok City health centers, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.937). The results also showed no statistically significant effect (p = 0.050) between social restriction and patient treatment outcomes. Statistical analysis of patient characteristics showed that gender, age, occupation, TB classification, and comorbidities of TB patients did not significantly influence TB treatment success during social distancing. However, treatment duration showed a significant association (p < 0.001) with TB treatment success."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui preferensi merumah generasi milenial Jabodetabek sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19, kemudian kedua isu tersebut dianalisis perbedaannya untuk mengetahui transformasi perubahan yang terjadi. Untuk mengetahui preferensi generasi milenial di Jabodetabek, sebelumnya perlu dilakukan pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran dan pengisian kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif dan regresi sehingga diketahui pengaruh dari suatu variabel terhadap variabel lainnya. Berdasarkan dari hasil pengumpulan data 423 responden, ke-empat norma, yaitu norma ruang, lokasi, lingkungan dan ekonomi, terdapat variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan dalam preferensi merumah generasi milenial Jabodetabek. Pada norma ruang, banyak orang yang memiliki rasa cemas untuk bertemu dengan orang lain sehingga fungsi teras dan ruang tamu berubah. Pada norma lokasi, lokasi hunian dekat dengan fasilitas olahraga/kebugaran dan fasilitas kesehatan juga menjadi perhatian responden. Selain itu, pada norma lingkungan, lingkungan yang bersih menjadi tuntutan kebutuhan agar kita terhindar dari bahaya virus. Kehadiran balai warga juga menjadi perhatian, karena kerumunan yang terjadi bertolak belakang dengan anjuran untuk menjauhi kerumunan. Gaya hidup boros yang sudah menjadi kebiasan generasi milenial berubah dengan hadirnya pandemi. Faktor kesehatan dapat menjadi konsep untuk memahami mengapa norma merumah dan preferensi merumah generasi milenial mengalami perubahan dimasa pandemi COVID-19.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the housing preferences of the Jabodetabek millennial generation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, then the differences between the two issues were analyzed to determine the transformation of changes that occurred. To find out the preferences of the millennial generation in Jabodetabek, previously it was necessary to collect data through distributing and filling out questionnaires. The data obtained is then analyzed quantitatively using the descriptive and regression method so that it is known the effect of one variable on other variables. Based on the results of data collection from 423 respondents, the four norms, namely the norms of space, location, environment and economy, there are variables that have a significant influence on the housing preferences of the Jabodetabek millennial generation. In space norms, many people have anxiety about meeting other people so that the function of the terrace and guest room changes. In terms of location, residential locations close to sports facilities and health facilities are also a concern of respondents. In addition, in a normal environment, a clean environment is a necessity so that we avoid the dangers of viruses. The presence of the community hall is also a concern, because the crowding that occurred was contrary to the recommendation to stay away from the crowd. The extravagant lifestyle that has become a habit of the millennial generation has changed with the presence of the pandemic. Health factors can be a concept to understand why the housing norms and housing preferences for the millennial generation have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan pola mobilitas non-permanen tenaga kerja di kawasan metropolitan antara sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh faktor individu dan faktor daerah asal dan tujuan pekerja terhadap keputusan pilihan pola mobilitas non-permanen selama pandemi. Adapun data yang digunakan adalah Sakernas 2019, 2020, dan 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan regresi multinomial logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadi penurunan pola mobilitas non permanen di kawasan metropolitan Indonesia selama pandemi melanda. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pola mobilitas komuter selama pandemi adalah usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, sektor lapangan pekerjaan, klasifikasi daerah tempat tinggal, serta pertumbuhan PDRB. Sementara, faktor yang mempengaruhi pola mobilitas sirkuler selama pandemi melanda adalah usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, bekerja di sektor manufaktur, klasifikasi daerah tempat tinggal, serta pertumbuhan PDRB.

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This research aims to analyze the changes in the patterns of non-permanent labor mobility in metropolitan areas before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study also examines the influence of individual factors and factors related to the workers' origin and destination areas on the decision to choose non-permanent mobility patterns during the pandemic. The study utilizes data from Sakernas (National Labor Force Survey) for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. The research methodology employed in this study is multinomial logistic regression. The findings of this research reveal a notable decline in non-permanent mobility patterns in Indonesian metropolitan areas during the pandemic. Factors that influence commuter mobility patterns during the pandemic include age, gender, education level, employment status, employment sector, residential area classification, and regional gross domestic product growth. Meanwhile, factors that affect circular mobility patterns during the pandemic include age, gender, marital status, education level, employment status, working in the manufacturing sector, residential area classification, and regional GDP growth."

"Merebaknya virus corona telah mengubah kehidupan banyak orang, dan beberapa industri telah mengalami perubahan besar dan kecil. Diantaranya, industri minuman keras di Korea Selatan adalah salah satu industri yang telah mengalami perubahan terbesar. Dengan tren budaya “minum di rumah”, penjualan melalui saluran penjualan alkohol rumah tangga, seperti supermarket dan toko serba ada, telah meningkat. Oleh karena itu, merek minuman keras harus tanggap dalam mendeteksi perubahan ini dan melakukan kegiatan pemasaran yang sesuai. HiteJinro telah mengatasi pandemi dengan memanfaatkan kemampuan dinamisnya, dan memprioritaskan pemasaran karakternya yang merupakan keunggulan kompetitifnya dalam persaingan tinggi di pasar minuman keras di Korea Selatan. Strategi ini dapat meningkatkan citra merek, loyalitas merek dan pangsa pasar.

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The outbreak of the coronavirus has changed many people's lives, and several industries have undergone big and small changes. Among them, the liquor industry in particular is one of the areas that has undergone the biggest changes. With the trend of “drinking at home” culture, the sales via household alcohol sales channels, such as supermarkets and convenience stores, are increasing. Therefore, liquor brands have quickly detected these changes and been conducting marketing activities accordingly. HiteJinro encountered the pandemic by utilizing its dynamic capabilities, prioritizing its character marketing which is its competitive advantage in the highly competitive liquor market in South Korea. The strategies would result in higher brand image, brand loyalty and market share."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan pola penggunaan moda transportasi pada pekerja komuter di kota metropolitan antara sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Selain itu juga untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel sosio demografi dengan pola penggunaan moda transportasi pada pekerja komuter di kota metropolitan Indonesia. Dari data Sakernas 2019, 2020 dan 2021 memberikan hasil bahwa terjadi peningkatan penggunaan transportasi pribadi pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penggunaan moda transportasi sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19 dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik seperti jenis kelamin, usia, status perkawinan, status pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan. Serta dipengaruhi juga oleh variabel konstekstual seperti sharing border, kepadatan penduduk dan PDRB.

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This research aims to analyze the changes in the pattern of using transportation modes among commuter workers in metropolitan cities between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, to analyze the influence of socio-demographic variables with patterns of use of transportation modes on commuter workers in metropolitan cities in Indonesia. From Sakernas we could explain that there was an increase in the use of personal transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of transportation modes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, employment status, education level and income. It is also influenced by contextual variables such as sharing border, population density and GRDP."