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"Pemerintah desa memiliki peran yang sangat vital dalam proses pembangunan nasional karena dari lingkup desa pembangunan dapat dimulai. Untuk mendukung pembangunan desa, maka desa diberikan kewenangan untuk mendirikan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). BUMDes sebagai badan usaha dilingkungan desa diharapkan dapat meningkatkan perekonomian desa dan mensejahterakan masyarakat desa. Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa (UU Desa) tidak menyebutkan secara tegas bentuk badan usaha dari BUMDes sehingga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan mengenai bentuk badan usaha dan pendirian BUMDes di desa-desa tak terkecuali dialami oleh BUMDes Cipayung yang didirikan oleh Pemerintah Desa Cipayung. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (UU Cipta Kerja) merubah beberapa pasal dalam UU Desa diantaranya mengenai BUMDes. Dalam UU Cipta Kerja disebutkan secata tegas BUMDes sebagai badan hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status keuangan BUMDes berdasarkan hukum keuangan publik dan mengetahui status BUMDes Cipayung berdasarkan UU Desa serta implikasi atas berlakunya UU Cipta Kerja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Berdasarkan data yang di peroleh dan di analisa dapat disimpulkan status keuangan BUMDes termasuk ke dalam hukum keuangan publik yang terpisah dari keuangan pemerintah desa dan dengan berlakunya UU Cipta Kerja maka BUMDes sebagai badan hukum telah diakui secara resmi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan.

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The village government has a very vital role in the national development process because, from the scope of the village, development can be started. To support village development, villages are given the authority to establish Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). BUMDes as a business entity in the village environment is expected to improve the village economy and prosper the village community. Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages (Village Law) that does not explicitly state the form of business entity from BUMDes causing various problems regarding the form of business entities and the establishment of BUMDes in villages, including the Cipayung BUMDes which was established by the Village Government of Cipayung. Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Job Creation Law) changes several articles in the Village Law, including those regarding BUMDes. In the Job Creation Law, it is clearly stated that BUMDes is a legal entity. This study aims to determine the financial status of BUMDes based on public finance law and determine the status of Cipayung BUMDes based on the Village Law and the implications of the enactment of the Job Creation Law. The research method used is a normative juridical method using secondary data. Based on the data obtained and analyzed, it can be concluded that the financial status of BUMDes is included in public finances that is separate from village government finances, and with the enactment of the Job Creation Law, BUMDes as a legal entity has been officially recognized by rules of laws."

"Seluruh kelompok masyarakat, tanpa terkecuali, seharusnya dilibatkan di dalam proses perencanaan dan pembangunan di desa. Hal ini disebabkan pelibatan seluruh lapisan masyarakat di dalam proses perencanaan dan pembangunan merupakan suatu bentuk atau ciri dari tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Di Desa Salamrejo, ada kelompok penghayat kepercayaan Persatuan Eklasing Budhi Murka (PEBM) yang sudah mengalami eksklusi bertahun-tahun sehingga tidak memiliki akses di dalam proses perencanaan dan pembangunan desa. Desa sebagai unit terkecil di dalam administrasi pemerintahan, seharusnya dapat menjaring dan mendorong partisipasi masyarakat secara langsung. Penelitian tesis dengan metode yuridis normatif ini berkesimpulan bahwa peraturan di Indonesia mengakomodasi pembentukan lembaga kemasyarakatan baru sesuai kebutuhan. Lembaga kemasyarakatan yang dibentuk oleh penghayat kepercayaan PEBM di Desa Salamrejo menjadi perwujudan atas hal tersebut dan menjadi wadah inklusivitas pada tingkat horizontal. Meskipun lembaga kemasyarakatan tersebut masih bersifat informal, pemerintah Desa Salamrejo memberikan dukungan atas keberadaan kelembagaan tersebut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, keberadaan lembaga kemasyarakatan yang mendukung inklusivitas dan bermanfaat bagi masyarakat perlu mendapatkan legalitas dari Desa Salamrejo. Hal ini disebabkan bahwa selain mendorong partisipasi masyarakat, hal ini turut pula mendorong tata kelolapemerintahan desa menjadi lebih baik.

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All group in society, without exception, should be involved in the planning and development process in the village. This is because the involvement of all levels of society in the planning and development process is one of characteristics of good governance. In Salamrejo Village, there is a group of Persatuan Eklasing Budhi Murka (PEBM) local believers which has been excluded for years so they do not have access to the village planning and development process. The village as the smallest unit in government administration should be able to entice and encourage direct participation of the society. This normative juridical method thesis research concludes that Indonesian regulations accommodate the formation of new social institutions as needed. The social institution formed by the PEBM believers in Salamrejo Village embodies this and becomes a forum for inclusiveness at the horizontal level. Even though these social institutions are still informal, the Salamrejo Village government provides support for the existence of these institutions. Based on this, the existence of social institutions that support inclusivity and benefit the community needs to obtain legality from Salamrejo Village. This is because in addition to encouraging community participation, this

also encourages better village governance."

"Otonomi Desa memberikan kesempatan bagi desa untuk mewujudkan pembangunan perdesaan yang lebih maju dan sejahtera. Pembangunan desa menurut beberapa literatur memerlukan pendanaan yang memadai. Di Indonesia, Dana Desa menjadi salah satu pendanaan utama bagi desa sejak tahun 2015. Selain pengaruh besaran Dana Desa, penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi penting pada peranan pimpinan desa dalam optimalisasi pengelolaan Dana Desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara empiris pengaruh dukungan pendidikan kepala desa dalam pengelolaan Dana Desa terhadap perkembangan status desa di Indonesia. Dengan penggunaan metode regresi linear berganda yang bersifat cross section pada data antara tahun 2018 dan 2020, penelitian ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa pengelolaan Dana Desa akan lebih efektif mempengaruhi perkembangan pembangunan desa jika desa mempunyai kepala desa berpendidikan di atas SMA.

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Village Autonomy provides opportunities for villages to realize more advanced and prosperous rural development. According to some literature, village development needs sufficient funds. In Indonesia, Village Fund has become one of the essential funds for villages since 2015. Besides the effect of Village Fund amount, this study evaluates the role of village leaders in optimizing Village Fund management. This study aims to analyze the effect of village head education support in managing the Village Fund on the development of village status in Indonesia empirically. By using the multiple linear regression method that is cross-sectional in the data between 2018 and 2020, this study concludes that the management of the Village Fund will be more effective in influencing the growth of village development if the village has a village head with an education above high school."

"Desa Caringin merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di Kabupaten Sukabumi, yang dalam pembangunan desanya masih mengalami permasalahan. Permasalahan tersebut terjadi karena adanya permasalahan pada saat proses perencanaan pembangunan desa, yaitu pada saat penyusunan rancangan program atau kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan. Perencanaan pembangunan yang berkualitas akan terwujud apabila setiap aktor yang ada di desa ikut terlibat. Namun, di desa Caringin keterlibatan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) masih menjadi permasalahan. Permasalahan tersebut mendorong dilakukannya penelitian ini, yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterlibatan BPD Caringin pada saat proses penyusunan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa (RPJM Desa) Caringin tahun 2019-2025 dan Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa (RKP Desa) Caringin tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya permasalahan keterlibatan BPD Caringin, pada saat proses penyusunan RPJM Desa Caringin tahun 2019-2025. Pemerintah Desa Caringin dalam hal ini tidak melibatkan BPD Caringin pada saat proses penyusunan RPJM Desa tersebut, dengan tidak melakukan musyawarah dusun dan musyawarah desa yang di dalamnya melibatkan BPD Caringin dan juga unsur masyarakat. Pada proses penyusunan RKP Desa Caringin tahun 2020 BPD Caringin sudah terlibat aktif, namun yang menjadi permasalahan adalah ketika menentukan skala prioritas dari rancangan program atau kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan.

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Caringin village is one of the villages located in Sukabumi regency, which in its village development is still experiencing problems. These problems occur because there was problems during the village development planning process, when compiling the design of programs or activities to be carried out. Quality development planning will be realized if every actor in the village are involved. However, in Caringin village the involvement of the Village Deliberation Agency is still a problem. These problems led to this research, which aims to analyze the involvement of the Caringin Village Deliberation Agency during the preparation of Caringin Village Medium Term Development Plan in 2019-2025 and Caringin Village Government Work Plan in 2020. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and literature studies. The results showed that there were problems about Caringin Village Deliberation Agency involving, during the preparation process of Caringin Village Medium Term Development Plan in 2019-2025. Caringin Village Government in this case did not involve Caringin Village Deliberation Agency during that Village Medium Term Development Plan preparation process, by not conducting village deliberations which involved Caringin Village Deliberation Agency and also community elements. In the process of preparing the Caringin Village Government Work Plan in 2020, Caringin Village Deliberation Agency has been actively involved, but the problem is when determining the priority scale of the design of the program or activity to be carried out."

"The research has aim to nalyze the effectiveness of allocation, management and using of village-fund-allocation (ADD) in "X" Regency and analyze the impact of ADD toward the improvement of public infrastructure, manpower absorption as well as the empowerment of people and village institutions. The research was performed in 18 sub-districts, in which on every sub-district two villages are chosen, that is one village classified as 'urban village' that located near the sub-district capital and other village classified as 'rural village' that is a village categorized as isolated. Meanwhile as respondents of research on every village are boards of village institutions: board of village representatives board (BPD), board of village community devense board (LKMD), board of neighbourhood organization (RT), board of family welfare empowerment (PKK), board of youth organization (Karang Taruna), and board of civil defense taskforce (Satgas Hansip) - each of them represented by one person. Thus, totally for entire research field ('X' Regency) there are 216 respondents. Collection of secondary and primary data performed through survey on site using questionnaire. Result of research shows that many regulation regarding ADD are not well implemented according to the existing laws. A large part of people more prefer to ADD with different amount for each village considering some factors such as the number of people, village accessibility, potential owned by each village, etc. However, the majority of people consider that ADD has positive impact and multiplier affect significantly for them such as the improvement of public infrastructure, improvement of people's knowledge, the increasing of people participation in village development and manpower absorption."

"Buku ini berfokus pada isu-isu di atas dan mengintroduksi strategi revitalisasi pedesaan, modernisasi pertanian dan pembangunan pedesaan dari lima aspek sebagai lembaga bisnis pertanian baru, sistem jaminan sosial pedesaan, budaya dan pendidikan pedesaan, model pemerintahan pedesaan, dan pembangunan desa asri. Di satu sisi, buku ini menganalisis secara sistematis evolusi kebijakan pembangunan pedesaan Tiongkok dan mempresentasikan secara komprehensif pencapaian besar reformasi pedesaan Tiongkok. Di sisi lain, buku ini membahas secara mendalam kekurangan dan kelemahan dalam pembangunan pedesaan Tiongkok di era baru, dan mengemukakan target tindakan penanggulangan, sehingga dapat memberi referensi untuk mempromosikan revitalisasi pedesaan, modernisasi pertanian dan pembangunan pedesaan secara komprehensif."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai kedudukan hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa bila dianalisis berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan, mulai dari peraturan tertinggi hingga peraturan terendah. Skripsi ini mengkaji Badan Usaha Milik Desa apakah lebih tepat bila dikategorikan sebagai badan usaha berbadan hukum atau badan usaha non badan hukum. Skripsi ini juga menjabarkan implikasi atas ketidakjelasan kedudukan hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa dalam prakteknya dengan menampilkan permasalahan yang timbul pada Badan Usaha Milik Desa Panggung Lestari, kabupaten Bantul, provinsi Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan kajian yuridis yang telah dilakukan, pengakuan Badan Usaha Milik Desa sebagai badan usaha berbadan hukum atau badan usaha non badan hukum tidak ada, sedangkan sangat penting adanya pengakuan yang jelas dan tegas mengenai kedudukan hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa mengingat badan usaha ini akan melakukan berbagai macam kegiatan usaha demi kepentingan dan kemajuan desa itu sendiri. Ketidakjelasan kedudukan hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa juga mengakibatkan badan usaha ini kesulitan dalam menjalin kerjasama usaha dengan pihak ketiga. Oleh karena itu, skripsi ini mendorong perlunya ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur secara tegas mengenai kedudukan hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa.

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The focus of this study is analyze about legal status of village owned enterprises based on the law. This study also analyze that village owned enterprises is business entity or legal entity. This study also details the implication of obscurity of legal status of village owned enterprises practically by indicating the problems that happens in Panggung Lestari Village Owned Enterprises in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Based on the juridical studies that has been done, recognition of village owned enterprises as business entity or legal entity is nothing, while too important to have the clear recognition about legal status of village owned enterprises because this entity would make every kind of business activities for the sake of that village. The obscurity of village owned enterprises caused this entity have difficulties in established business cooperation with third parties. Therefore, this study encouraged to have the clear regulation that would provide about legal status of village owned enterprises."