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"Latar Belakang: Prevalensi kecemasan pada mahasiswa lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada populasi umum. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain faktor akademis, status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, moral, psikologis, dan biologis. Tingginya tingkat kecemasan juga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada mahasiswa.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara kecemasan dan gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada mahasiswa, serta mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin, status sosioekonomi (tingkat pendidikan orang tua dan jumlah pendapatan keluarga), dan faktor budaya (asal daerah) dengan kecemasan dan gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada mahasiswa.Metode: Studi dengan desain cross-sectional berupa kuesioner online, yang disebarkan pada bulan November 2021 kepada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia dengan jumlah responden 527 mahasiswa. Kuesioner yang diberikan merupakan State-Trait Anxiety Inventory yang terdiri dari 2 bagian dengan total 40 pertanyaan dan berfungsi untuk mengukur kecemasan, serta Temporomandibular Disorder Diagnostic Index (TMD-DI) yang berjumlah 8 pertanyaan dan digunakan untuk mengukur gangguan sendi temporomandibula.Hasil Penelitian: Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p<0.05) kecemasan, baik A-State maupun A-Trait, terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Uji korelasi kendall menunjukkan kecemasan, baik A-State maupun A-Trait, memiliki korelasi bermakna yang bersifat positif dan lemah terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p<0.05) jenis kelamin terhadap kecemasan,baik A-State maupun A-Trait. Kemudian, uji korelasi kendall menunjukkan jenis kelamin memiliki korelasi bermakna secara statistik terhadap kecemasan. Namun, uji continuity correctionmenunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan bermakna (p 0.05) jenis kelamin terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Uji chi-square juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p 0.05) status sosioekonomi (tingkat pendidikan orang tua dan jumlah pendapatan keluarga) dan faktor budaya (asal daerah) terhadap kecemasan dan gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kecemasan, baik A-State maupun A-Trait, dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada mahasiswa. Terdapat pula hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kecemasan, baik A-State maupun A-Trait, pada mahasiswa. Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula, serta status sosioekonomi (tingkat pendidikan orang tua dan jumlah pendapatan keluarga) dan faktor budaya (asal daerah) dengan kecemasan, baik A-State maupun A-Trait, dan gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada mahasiswa.

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Background: The prevalence of anxiety in college students are higher than in general population. This can be influenced by several factors, including academic, socioeconomic status, cultural, moral, and also biological factors. The high level of anxiety also increases the risk of temporomandibular disorder in college students.

Objective: This study aims to find out the association between anxiety and temporomandibular disorder, and also find out the association between gender, socioeconomic status (parental education and monthly family income), and cultural factor (origin) with anxiety and temporomandibular disorder in college students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using online questionnaire of 527 students from University of Indonesia, that conducted on November 2021. There are two given questionnaires, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory that consisted of two part and 40 questions in total to assess anxiety, and Temporomandibular Disorder Diagnostic Index that consisted of 8 questions tao assess temporomandibular disorder.

Result: The chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) of temporomandibular disorder based on anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait. The kendall correlation test showed that temporomandibular disorder, have positive and weak statistically significant correlation to anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait. The chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) of anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait, based on gender. The kendall correlation test also showed that gender, have positive and weak statistically significant correlation to anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait. However, the continuity correction test showed that there was no statistically significant difference (p 0.05) of temporomandibular disorder based on gender. The chi-square test also showed that there was no statistically significant difference (p 0.05) of anxiety, either A-State and A-Trait, and temporomandibular disorder based on socioeconomic status (parental education and monthly family income) and cultural factor (origin).

Conclusion: There was an association between anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait, and temporomandibular disorder, as well as gender and anxiety, either A-State or A-Trait, in college students. However, no association was found between gender and temporomandibular disorder, as well as socioeconomic status (parental education and monthly family income) and cultural factor (origin) with anxiety,either A-State or A-Trait, and temporomandibular disorder in college students. "

"Latar Belakang: Adanya perubahan pada metode pembelajaran akibat Covid-19 meningkatkan waktu yang dihabiskan untuk menatap layar (screen-time) yang berpotensi mengganggu kualitas tidur mahasiswa kedokteran gigi yang sebelum pandemi ini telah dilaporkan memiliki persentase kualitas tidur buruk yang cukup tinggi. Bedasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, kualitas tidur yang buruk juga dikaitkan dengan insidens TMD. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan TMD pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh jenis kelamin dan screen-time terhadap kualitas tidur dan TMD. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang pada 110 mahasiswa Program Pendidikan Kedokteran Gigi dan Program Profesi Dokter Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dan Indeks Diagnostik – Temporomandibular Disorder (ID-TMD) secara daring melalui google form. Hasil Penelitian: Uji Chi-Square menujukkan kualitas tidur memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan TMD pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi selama pandemi Covid-19 (p=0.035). Hubungan yang bermakna juga ditunjukkan antara screen-time dengan kualitas tidur (p=0.027), namun tidak dengan TMD (p=0.489). Jenis kelamin juga tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna, baik dengan kualitas tidur (p=0.974) maupun TMD (p=0.902). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan TMD pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi selama pandemi Covid-19.Terdapat pula hubungan antara screen-time dengan kualitas tidur. Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara screen-time dengan TMD, serta jenis kelamin dengan kualitas tidur maupun TMD.

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Background: Changes in learning methods and increased screen-time due to Covid-19 pandemic may lead dental students to poor sleep quality. Based on previous studies, poor sleep quality also associated with the incidence of TMD. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and TMD in dental students during Covid-19 pandemic. This study also aims to analyze the influence of gender and screen-time to sleep quality and TMD. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 pre-clinical and clinical year students of Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and TMD was evaluated using Indeks Diagnostik – Temporomandibular Disorder (ID-TMD) questionnaire. Retrieval of data using questionnaires distributed and collected online. Result: The result of Chi-Square test showing there is relationship between sleep quality and TMD in dental students during Covid-19 pandemic (p=0.035). Significant relationship was also showed between screen-time and sleep quality (p=0.027), but not with TMD (p=0.489). There is no relationship between gender and sleep quality (p=0.974) as well as TMD (p=0.902). Conclusion: This study shows that there is relationship between sleep quality and TMD in dental students during Covid-19 Pandemic. Significant relationship was also found between screen-time and sleep quality. However, no relationship was found between screen-time and TMD along with gender and sleep quality as well as TMD."

"Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) usually has non-specific signs and symptoms. The patient generally can only feel the pain, and thus complains about the stomatognatic problems without knowing the cause and the source. When the patient's chied compaint is pain, it is important to identify the source of the problem in order to provide appropriate treatment. Applied treatments for TMD can vary enormously. A female patient, age 35, came to the prosthodontic clinic with the chief complaints of pain in the right joint and limitation in mouth opening for past 7 years. In the last 2 weeks, the complaints worsened. With light pressure she could still open her mouth wider but showing deviations. She also complained about headache, tension in the forehead region, and muscle pain in the upper back body. The patient also reported that she has been chewing only on the right side for more than 20 years. Lateral transcranial x-ray showed that there were no visible structural or positional disorders. Thus, jaw exercise was decided as the initial therapy for the patient. WIthin one week, all complaints dissapeared. It was concluded that jaw exercise was a very useful form of treatment for TMD provided that the correct diagnosis is established."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 155-158The causes of TMD are complex and multifactorial, therefore the management should be done by several disciplines. ln this report, a 27-year-old man came to the teaching hospital of the University of Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry's Prosthodontic Department complaining about clicking sound and pain around his right joint. He received orthodontic treatment 9 years ago with removable appliance at a private practice and had 4 premolar extraction. The patient's face looked asymmetric, with a low vertical dimension, a Class II occlusion, and an anterior deep bite. Besides that, he clenched his teeth during emotional stress. Lateral tanscranial photo showed that the position of the left condyle was relatively normal or slightly anterior, and the right condyle was in the superoposterior position in the fossa with an abnormal shape. To solve this problem, the patient was referred to the Orthodontic Deparment to get a correct vertical dimension and normal anterior overbite. After 6 years, the patient was again referred to the prosthodontic Department, but the result was not successful. In order to get the right vertical dimension, an occlusal splint was fabricated to achieve a comfort jaw relation. In this position, the overbite was 2 mm, but space between the upper and lower posterior teeth was 5 mm. In this situation, full veneer crowns were not impossible to fabricate. Finally, to maintain this comfort position, the patient was suggested to wear the occlusal splint and come regularly for control every 6 months."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Proses penuaan dapat menyebabkan perubahan fisiologis pada jaringan gigi dan mulut, termasuk fungsi pada sendi temporomandibula. Mastikasi merupakan salah satu fungsi sistem stomagtonati yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh gangguan sendi temporomandibula (Temporomandibula Disorders). Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi, serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosiodemografi terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kemampuan mastikasi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada 100 pasien Puskesmas Kecamatan Kramat Jati berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Dilakukan pencatatan diri responden, pemeriksaan klinis intraoral, dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan ID-TMD. Hasil penelitian: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula memiliki hubungan (p < 0,05) terhadap kemampuan mastikasi. Terdapat hubungan antara usia dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula, tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Terdapat hubungan antara usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan status ekonomi dengan kemampuan mastikasi, tetapi tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Aging process involve physiological changes in the teeth and mouth tissues, including temporomandibular joint function. Mastication is one of the main functions of the stomatognathic system that may be affected by temporomandibular disorders. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability, to analyze sociodemographic factors (age, gender, educational level, and economic status) towards temporomandibular disorder and masticatory ability. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients of Puskesmas Kramat Jati aged 60 years and over. Subject's data and oral examination were obtained, and interview for masticatory ability and ID-TMD were conducted. Results: There was correlation (p < 0.05) between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability. There was correlation between age towards temporomandibular disorder, but there was no correlation between gender, educational level and economic status towards temporomandibular disorder. There was correlation between age, educational level, and economic status towards masticatory ability, but there was no correlation between gender towards masticatory ability. Conclusion: This study shows that temporomandibular disorders negatively influence masticatory ability in elderly."

"Latar belakang: Prevalensi burnout syndrome ditemukan tinggi pada mahasiswa. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh prestasi akademik, status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu. Tingkat burnout syndrome yang tinggi pada mahasiswa terutama mahasiswa tingkat akhir, dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gangguan sendi rahang. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang pada mahasiswa sarjana Universitas Indonesia Angkatan 2019, serta mengetahui hubungan antara prestasi akademik, status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu terhadap burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang pada mahasiswa sarjana Universitas Indonesia Angkatan 2019. Metode: Studi dengan desain cross-sectional berupa kuesioner online, disebarkan pada bulan November 2022 kepada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia dengan jumlah 134 responden. Burnout syndrome diukur menggunakan kuesioner MBI-SS dan gangguan sendi rahang menggunakan kuesioner TMD-DI. Hasil Penelitian: Uji Fisher exact menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang, uji kendall menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah antara burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang. Uji chi square menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara prestasi akademik dengan burnout syndrome (p<0,05), uji kendall menunjukkan korelasi negatif lemah antara prestasi akademik dengan burnout syndrome. Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara prestasi akademik dengan gangguan sendi rahang, serta status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu dengan burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang . Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang. Terdapat hubungan antara prestasi akademik terhadap burnout syndrome. Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara prestasi akademik terhadap gangguan sendi rahang, serta status sosioekonomi keluarga, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu terhadap burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang

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Background: The prevalence of burnout syndrome is found to be high in university students. This can be influenced by academic achievement, socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups. The high rate of burnout syndrome in university students, especially final year students, can increase the risk of developing temporomandibular disorder. Objective: This study aims to find out the relationship between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder in fourth year undergraduate students at the University of Indonesia, and to determine the relationship between academic achievement, socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups with burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders in fourth year undergraduate students at the University of Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire of 134 students from the University of Indonesia was distributed in November 2022. Burnout syndrome was measured using the MBI-SS questionnaire and temporomandibular disorders using the TMD-DI questionnaire. Results: The Fisher exact test showed a significant difference between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder (p<0.05). The Kendall test showed a weak positive correlation between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders. The chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between burnout syndrome based on academic achievement (p<0.05). The Kendall test showed a weak negative correlation between academic achievement and burnout syndrome. However, there is no statistically significant difference between temporomandibular disorders based on academic achievement, as well as burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder based on socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups. Conclusion: There is a relationship between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders, as well as burnout syndrome and academic achievement. However, there is no relationship between temporomandibular disorder based on academic achievement, as well as burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders based on family socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula dapat memengaruhi kualitas tidur. Penelitian mengenai hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan kuesioner ID-TMD dan PSQI belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur, stres kerja, dan faktor sosiodemografis jenis kelamin, usia, status sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, dan status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Menganalisis hubungan kualitas tidur dengan stres kerja dan faktor sosiodemografis jenis kelamin, usia, status sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, dan status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 92 subjek perawat di rumah sakit Hasanah Graha Afiah. Subjek mengisi tiga buah kuesioner yaitu; ID-TMD untuk mengukur gangguan sendi temporomandibula, PSQI versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur kualitas tidur, dan ENSS versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur stres kerja. Hasil Penelitian: Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna p=0.02 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji Mann-Whitney dan Independen T-test menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna yang signifikan p>0.05 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan stres kerja pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna p>0.05 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan faktor sosiodemografi jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi, status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji Indepeden T-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna p=0.035 antara kualitas tidur dengan komponen ENSS masalah dengan pasien dan keluarganya pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna p>0.05 antara kualitas tidur dengan faktor sosiodemografi jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi, status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C.

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Backgroud: Temporomandibular disorder can affect quality of sleep. The study analyzing the association between temporomandibular disorder and quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital using ID TMD and PSQI Indonesian version questionnaire has never been conducted in Indonesia.

Objectives: Analyzing the relationship between temporomandibular disorder with quality of sleep, work stress, and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital. Analyzing the relationship between quality of sleep with work stress and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital.

Methods: This cross sectional study assessed the data of 92 nurses in Hasanah Graha Afiah Hospital. Three questionnaires were given to each hospital nurse. The ID TMD questionnaire was used to evaluate temporomandibular disorder, the PSQI Indonesian version was used to evaluate quality of sleep, and the ENSS Indonesian version was used to evaluate work stress.

Results: Chi square test showed significant differences p 0.02 between temporomandibular disorder and quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital. Mann Whitney and Independent T test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between temporomandibular disorder and work stress on nurses in type C private hospital. Chi square test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between temporomandibular disorder and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital. Independent T test showed significant differences p 0.035 between quality of sleep and one of the ENSS component patients and their families on nurses in type C private hospital. Chi square test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between quality of sleep and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital.

Conclusion: Temporomandibular disorder was associated with quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital. "

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 421-426Temporomandibular joint disorder may be caused by variety of factors; one of which is the posture of head and neck. However, the remains controversial and a subject of debate by experts. The objective of this study was to know whether there was a relation between temporomandibular disorders and the head and neck posture seen radiographically. Subject were 40 dental students from University of Indonesia who met the inclusion criteria, selected through questionnaire, and subjective examinations based on Helkimo's dysfuction index. Then, lateral cephalometries radiographic were done to all subjects. In the radiogram, a horizontal line was made from the nasion point to the sella tursica, and a vertical line was drawn along the prominent bone of C1 - C5. The angle between the two lines was measured, and used to represent the head and neck posture. The design of the study was cross sectional. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant relationship between the anamnestic dysfunction index as well as the clinical dysfunction index that represented the temporomandibular joint disorders and the posture of head and neck seen radiographically."

"Latar Belakang: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula memiliki etiologi yang kompleks dan multifaktorial, salah satunya adalah stres. Pada masa pandemi COVID-19 stres mahasiswa meningkat karena adanya perubahan sistem pembelajaran dari tatap muka menjadi daring. Penelitian mengenai hubungan stres mahasiswa selama pembelajaran daring dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula belum pernah dikaji sebelumnya.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara stres mahasiswa selama pembelajaran daring dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula, mengetahui hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan jenis kelamin selama pembelajaran daring, dan mengetahui hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan durasi, dan frekuensi pembelajaran daring.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 351 mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Partisipan penelitian diberikan dua buah kuesioner, yaitu Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur stres dan Temporomandibular Disorders Diagnostic Index (TMD-DI) untuk mengukur gangguan sendi temporomandibula.Hasil Penelitian: Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara stres mahasiswa selama pembelajaran daring dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula (p<0.05). Uji Chi-square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan jenis kelamin selama pembelajaran daring (p>0.05). Uji Chi-square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan durasi dan frekuensi pembelajaran daring (p>0.05).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara stres mahasiswa selama pembelajaran daring dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula.

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Background: Temporomandibular disorders has complex and multifactorial etiology, particularly stress. During pandemic COVID-19 student stress has increased by changes in learning system from face-to-face into e-learning. The study to analyze the relationship between student stress during e-learning and temporomandibular disorders never been conducted.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship of student stress during e-learning and temporomandibular disorders, analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorders and gender during e-learning, and analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorders with duration and frequency of e-learning.

Methods: The number of 351 students of Universitas Indonesia participated in this cross- sectional study. Each participant is given two questionnaires. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Indonesian version to assess stress and TMD-DI to assess temporomandibular disorders.

Result: The Mann-Whitney test showed there was a relationship between student stress during e-learning learning and temporomandibular disorders (p<0.05). Chi- square test showed there was no relationship between temporomandibular disorders and gender during e-learning (p>0.05). Chi-square test showed there was no relationship between temporomandibular disorders with duration and frequency of e-learning (p> 0.05).

Conclusions: There was a relationship between student stress during e-learning and temporomandibular disorders."

"Latar Belakang: Etiologi temporomandibular disorder (TMD) adalah multifaktor, salah satunya adalah kebiasaan parafungsi yaitu sleep bruxism. Pasien sleep bruxism sering mengalami tanda dan gejala TMD yaitu nyeri dan keterbatasan pembukaan mulut. Oleh karena itu evaluasi deteksi lebar pembukaan mulut digunakan rutin untuk pemeriksaan sendi temporomandibula, namun hubungan sleep bruxism dengan lebar pembukaan mulut ini masih kurang jelas. Tujuan: Menganalisis reliabilitas dan validitas kuesioner sleep bruxism dan menganalisis apakah terdapat hubungan antara sleep bruxism dengan lebar pembukaan mulut. Metode: Desain potong lintang. Kuesioner sleep bruxism dievaluasi menggunakan internal consistency reability test dan metode test-retest (ICC value), sedangkan validitas diukur dengan validasi konvergen, dan untuk hubungan antara sleep bruxism dengan lebar pembukaan mulut dilakukan dengan analisa bivariat. Hasil: Nilai Cronbach's alpha 0.515 menunjukkan konsistensi internal yang cukup baik, dan nilai ICC test-retest > 0.808 sehingga disimpulkan kuesioner adalah reliabel, sedangkan hasil uji validitas dengan uji korelasi koefisien kontingensi adalah berbeda bermakna (p<0.05) dengan nilai korelasi lemah 0.362. Dengan demikian, alat ukur kuesioner sleep bruxism versi Bahasa Indonesia reliabel dan valid. Untuk lebar pembukaan mulut maximum comfortable, tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna antara pasien sleep bruxism dengan non sleep bruxism, dan antara pasien sleep bruxism TMD dengan sleep bruxism non TMD (p>0.05), sedangkan lebar pembukaan mulut maximum assisted pada pasien sleep bruxism TMD dan sleep bruxism non TMD terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0.05). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, lebar pembukaan mulut maximum comfortable antara pria dan wanita berbeda bermakna (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Kuesioner sleep bruxism dalam bahasa Indonesia reliabel dan valid sehingga dapat digunakan di Indonesia. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara sleep bruxism dengan lebar pembukaan mulut.

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Background: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is multifactor, one of them is parafunctional habit, such as sleep bruxism. Patients with sleep bruxism are more likely to experience jaw pain and limitation of jaw movement, than people who do not. Limitation of mouth opening is one of the cardinal signs found in TMD. Therefore, evaluation of maximum mouth opening is used as part of routine function assessment of temporomandibular joint, but the relationship between sleep bruxism and mouth opening is still unclear.

Objective: To analyze the reliability and validity of sleep bruxism questionnaire in Indonesia and also to analyze the relationship between sleep bruxism and mouth opening.

Methodolgy: Cross-sectional design. Sleep bruxism questionnaire was evaluated using internal consistency reability test and test-retest methods (ICC value), while the validity was analyzed by convergent validity. The relationship between sleep bruxism and mouth opening was analyzed with bivariate analysis.

Results: Cronbach's alpha showed moderate result (0.515), and ICC test-retest value was above 0.808, meaning the questionnaire was reliable. Validity analysis using coefficient contingency correlation showed significantly different (p<0.05) and weak correlation value (0.362). Thus, the Indonesian version of sleep bruxism questionnaire was reliable and valid. Relationship between maximum comfortable mouth opening on sleep bruxism and non bruxism, and between sleep bruxism non TMD and sleep bruxism with TMD were not significantly different (p>0.05), but relationship between assisted mouth opening on sleep bruxism non TMD and sleep bruxism with TMD were significantly different (p<0.05). Based on gender, maximum comfortable mouth opening were significantly different between sleep bruxism non TMD and sleep bruxism with TMD (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The Indonesian version of sleep bruxism questionnaire is reliable and valid, and there is no relationship between sleep bruxism and maximum mouth opening."